In time Gypsies became specialized in several crafts: for example, throughout the Middle Ages the working of iron was an occupation reserved almost exclusively for them.

Welsh Kale and English Romanichal Gypsies and Romanichal populations in Scotland practised the ritual into the 1900s.

It may have been influenced in part by Alexander Pushkin's 1824 poem " The Gypsies ", a work which Mérimée had translated into French ; it has also been suggested that the story was developed from an incident told to Mérimée by his friend the Countess Montijo.

During World War II, ghettos in occupied Europe 1939-1944 were established by the Nazis to confine Jews and sometimes Gypsies into tightly packed areas of the cities of Eastern Europe, turning them into de-facto concentration camps and death camps in the Holocaust.

For very small transports of Jews and Gypsies over a short distance, a minimized version of the gas van technology was used in Bełżec: T-4 man and first operator of the gas chambers, SS Hauptscharführer Lorenz Hackenholt, rebuilt an Opel-Blitz post office vehicle with the help of a local craftsman into a small gas van.

According to the fictional universe first established by Slayer, the ' Buffyverse ,' Angel was born in 18th century Ireland ; after being turned into a soulless, immortal vampire, he became legendary for his evil acts, until a band of wronged Gypsies punished him by restoring his soul, overwhelming him with guilt.

In their writings, Spain is converted into the Orient of the Western World ( Africa begins in the Pyrenees ), an exotic country full of brigands, economic underdevelopment, Gypsies, ignorance, machismo, matadores, Moors, passion, political chaos, poverty and fanatical religiosity.

The first of these was ' The Inmates ' ( late 1964-about April 1965 ), which evolved into ' The Kult ' ( about April – December 1965 ), featuring Brady, Jackie McAuley ( ex-Them, and future Belfast Gypsies and Trader Horne ), Brendan Bonass, and Dave Pennefather.

Roy immediately went into the studio with Tribe of Gypsies to record their self titled debut, released in Japan on JVC / Victor Records in 1996.

Running away from his life, he first falls in with Gypsies, and into a sexual relationship with a Gypsy singer, Masha.

Speaking during the late 1880s, the historian and politician Mihail Kogălniceanu, who was responsible for the 1855 abolition of slavery in Moldavia under Prince Grigore Alexandru Ghica, claimed that: " aside from the lăieşi Gypsies, who still live in part in Gypsy camps, and Ursari, who are presently working in the taming of wild beasts, but are nevertheless involved in working the land, almost all of the other classes of Gypsies have blended into the larger mass of the nation, and are only told apart by their swarthy and Asian-like faces and the vividness of their imagination ".

In the Netherlands, central authorities reacted vehemently to the presence of Roma, labeling Ursari and the others with the loaded term " Gypsies "; the reaction of local authorities was more calm, and allowed Ursari to blend into Dutch society, even though most members of the latter community intended to settle in other areas.

More recently, there has been a large immigration of Iraqi Kurds and Hungarians Romas ( Gypsies ) into the area.

1992, Tony Gatlif finds the world of the Gypsies and embarked on a project that keeps him immenssement heart.

* 1943 – Holocaust: German SS leader Heinrich Himmler orders that Gypsies are to be put " on the same level as Jews and placed in concentration camps ".

* November 15 – Porajmos: German SS leader Heinrich Himmler orders that Gypsies and " part-Gypsies " be put " on the same level as Jews and placed in concentration camps.

These policies targeted peoples, in particular Jews, as well as Gypsies, homosexuals and handicapped people, ethnic Poles, Russians who were labeled as " inferior " in a racial hierarchy that placed the Herrenvolk ( or " master race ") of the Volksgemeinschaft ( or " national community ") at the top, and ranked Poles, Russians, Romani, persons of color and Jews at the bottom.

The Nazis began the systematic genocide of over 11 million people, including the majority of the Jews of Europe and Gypsies as well as millions of Polish and Soviet Slavs.

He made over 1, 400 brilliantly detailed etchings that chronicled the life of his period, featuring soldiers, clowns, drunkards, Gypsies, beggars, as well as court life.

Gradually the event was taken over by local residents, who dressed up as Gypsies and formed ' tribes '.

However, the annual Appleby Horse Fair, held regularly in early June, earliest record since the 12th century with a charter made by Henry II ( however it is thought to have a longer tradition ), brings Gypsies from all over Britain to the town.

There, over a period of sixty-six days, he encounters a varied group of characters, including Muslim princesses, Gypsies, outlaws and cabbalists, who tell him an intertwining series of bizarre, amusing and fantastic tales which he records in his diary.

Germans perpetrated one of the largest war-time massacres in Simferopol, killing in total over 22, 000 locals — mostly Jews, Russians, Krymchaks, and Gypsies.

Also in the room is Extensive Picturesque Landscape, with Gypsies by Francis Bourgeois and, over the sideboard, is the Portrait of the Prince Regent, later George IV by Thomas Lawrence and his studio.

The Gypsies includes a number of gypsy words and Yoors suggests that variations of the original Sanskrit have occurred, over the years, between the various tribes.

By the 15th century, western Ravnos were stereotypically Gypsies, degenerate and vermin in the eyes of the main clan.

Another possible link between the Roman and modern circus could have been bands of Gypsies who appeared in Europe in the 14th century and in Britain from the 15th century, bringing with them circus skills and trained animals.

In legend, it was where thieves ' cant was created by a meeting between Cock Lorel, leader of the rogues and the King of the Gypsies.

Historian Raul Hilberg estimates that between 1941 and 1945 the Einsatzgruppen and the SS killed more than 1. 3 million Jews, Gypsies, and Soviet political commissars in open-air shootings.

According to its own reports to Himmler, Einsatzgruppe A killed almost 140, 000 people in the five months following the invasion: 136, 421 Jews, 1, 064 Communists, 653 people with mental illnesses, 56 partisans, 44 Poles, five Gypsies and one Armenian were reported killed between June 22 and November 25, 1941.

The fact that manele lyrics are considered by many to be rude and of poor taste, coupled with widespread racist feelings against Roma ethnics ( Tigani / Gypsies ), who account for the bulk of manele performers, has led to increasing hostility between fans and opponents.

Reports of fraternization between Polish women and German soldiers brought about a directive to the press to promulgate that links between Poles and Germans brought about a decline in German blood, and that any connection with Polish extraction was dangerous, and to describe Poles as on the same level as Jews and Gypsies in order to discourage association.

In Summer 2007 riots began between Asians and Gypsies the alleged cause for this riots was that gypsies were giving the area a bad name.

There was often fierce competition between the groups, and the Romanichal tended to blame their own reputation for criminality on the didicoys and other nomadic groups masquerading as " Gypsies ".

They initially approached drummer Mitch Mitchell, who was at a loose end following the breakup of The Jimi Hendrix Experience and Hendrix's departure to The Band of Gypsies.

Victims of other massacres at the site included thousands of Soviet POWs, communists, Gypsies ( Romani people ), Ukrainian nationalists and civilian hostages.

In addition, there were about 400 Gypsies in the camp and, at the very end of the War, some 400 women from the resistance movement.

A local resident, John Keen, then contacted the so-called King of the Gypsies, Xavier Petulengro, and they re-established large Gypsy gatherings at Baildon, recorded on Pathe News films and shown nationally in cinemas.

There were " never any consultations at Nuremberg or any other international conference as to whether the Sinti and Roma were entitled like the Jews to reparations .” The Interior Ministry of Wuerttemberg argued that " Gypsies persecuted under the Nazis not for any racial reason but because of an asocial and criminal record.

The ruthless attitude of the German occupation forces and the genocidal policy of the Croatian Ustaša regime, aimed at Serbs, Jews, Gypsies and anti-Ustaša Croats, created a strong anti-fascist resistance in the NDH.

In the programme, he spent a week living with a family of Romany Gypsies at a campsite in Bedfordshire and speaking also to residents of surrounding villages.

* Best Director award at Cannes Film Festival, ( 1989 ) for Time of Gypsies

Their principal task during the war ( according to SS General Erich von dem Bach at the Nuremberg Trials ) "... was the annihilation of the Jews, Gypsies, and Soviet political commissars ".

On March 28, 2001, after accusation of being behind the incident at Čačak's Radio Ozon, when the windows on their station were shattered by unknown group of men, Velja answered: " We're not some petty Gypsies.

* In 1944, Nebe suggested to Grawitz that the Gypsies interned at Auschwitz would be good people to use for medical experiments at the Dachau concentration camp ( Himmler had asked Grawitz for advice on the question ).

Their principal task ( during the war ), according to SS General Erich von dem Bach, at the Nuremberg Trials: " was the annihilation of the Jews, Gypsies, and Soviet political commissars ".

# Madeline and the Gypsies, 1959: in which Madeline and Pepito have an adventure at a circus.

It is the burial-place of Henry Boswell, " King of the Gypsies ", who died in 1760, at the advanced age of 90 ; the remains of his wife and granddaughter are likewise interred here.

She was also interested in the Gypsies, who would camp near the village for a few days at a time ; their nomadic lifestyle, their music, and their stories fascinated her.

There are a number of similar traditional songs about a well-off woman's encounter with Gypsies dating back at least as far as the early 19th century, such as " The Gypsy Laddie ", " The Raggle Taggle Gypsies ", " Nine Yellow Gypsies ", " Gypsie Davie " and " Black Jack Davie " ( Roud # 1, Child 200 ).

In August 2010 following an earlier fatal incident involving travellers and gendarmerie at Thésée, near St. Aignan, Loir et Cher, Hortefeux has vigorously pursued a policy of destroying illegal travellers ' camps and imposing conditions for voluntary repatriations of Roms ( or Gypsies ) to Romania and Bulgaria, a considerable number of which are in progress.

It depicts Spanish Gypsies striking their anvils at dawn – hence its English name – and singing the praises of hard work, good wine, and their Gypsy women.

He was educated at The Perse School, and as a schoolboy showed the characteristic bent of his mind by picking up the Romany tongue and a great familiarity with the life of the Gypsies.