Upon entering Muhammad's household, Safiyya became friends with Aisha and Hafsa.

Muhammad's widow Hafsa played a role in the collection of the first Qur ' anic manuscript.

Again, Umar's lack of knowledge in Muhammad's Sunnah, according to Shia's claims, is shown when Umar forbade Hafsa and others to weep for him, believing that it would cause him to be punished in the grave.

* Hafsa bint Umar, daughter of Umar and wife of Muhammad

Hafsa bint Umar, daughter of Umar (‘ Umar bin Al-Khattab ), was widowed at battle of Badr when her husband Khunais ibn Hudhaifa was killed in action.

Hafsa, the daughter of Umar, was originally married to Khunais ibn Hudhaifa.

" Umar was obviously alluding to the fact that Hafsa was to marry Muhammad and that Uthman was to marry a daughter of Muhammad.

His mother was Valide Sultan Aishe Hafsa Sultan or Hafsa Hatun Sultan, who died in 1534.

The 16th century Sultan Mosque was built for Ayşe Hafsa Sultan, Süleyman the Magnificent's mother.

It was named " At-Tahrim ( Probihition, Harãm ) because in the sura, Allah advices to Muhammad not to stop eating his wive's Zaynab bint Jahsh honey because of what Hafsa have told him regarding his breath which Allah confirmed that is a lie.

Hafsa was married to Muhammad in 625.

* 2008 / 09-Jila Bahri, with two deputy head girls Hafsa Zayyan and Abby Cockayne

:" Regarding the doctrine of Tabarra, we believe that we should seek disassociation from four idols namely, Abu Bakr, Omar, Uthman and Mu ' awiyah ; from four women namely, Ayesha, Hafsa, Hind and Ummul Hakam, along with all their associates and followers.

When her father, Umar, went to Prophet Muhammad to complain about their behavior, Muhammad replied, " Hafsa will marry one better than Uthman and Uthman will marry one better than Hafsa.

# redirect Hafsa bint Umar

* Hafsa bint Umar

Muhammad reassured Umar by saying that " Hafsa will marry one better than Uthman will marry one better than Abu Bakr.

* Hafsa bint Umar.

Built at the same time as the castle in the bazaar, there is also a small Ottoman caravanserai built by Suleiman's mother Ayşe Hafsa Sultan.

Close to Aisha's age, the two younger wives Hafsa and Zaynab were welcomed into the household.

Aisha and Hafsa had a lasting relationship.

After Abu Bakr had collected the copy, he gave it to Hafsa, who preserved it until Uthman took it, copied it and distributed it in Muslim lands.

16th century hospice and mental hospital built by Ayşe Hafsa Sultan in Manisa.

Ayşe Hafsa Sultan and Merkez Efendi ( top left ) are incarnated each year by a renown actress and actor.

:" Hafsa, the news has reached me that you cause Allah's Messenger trouble.

They see his fatherly advice to Hafsa in her time of despair as unworthy of any father, and especially of a future supposed protector and guide of the Muslim nation.

Aisha ( Aisha bint Abu Bakr ) ( Muhammad's widow ), Talhah ( Talha ibn Ubayd-Allah ) and Al-Zubayr ( Abu ‘ Abd Allah Zubayr ibn al-Awwam ) were all in agreement with Muawiyah that those who assassinated Uthman should be brought to justice.

He ruled over the Rashidun Caliphate from 632 – 634 CE when he became the first Muslim Caliph following Muhammad's death.

As Caliph, Abu Bakr succeeded to the political and administrative functions previously exercised by Muhammad, since the religious function and authority of prophethood ended with Muhammad's death according to Islam.

Muslim historians say that Caliph Uthman ibn Affan ( the third khalifa ( caliph ) of the Rashidun Empire, or third successor of Muhammad, who had formerly been Muhammad's secretary ), is generally believed to urge Muslims to record the hadith just as Muhammad suggested to some of his followers to write down his words and actions.

The Alaouite family claim descent from Muhammad through the line of Fāṭimah az-Zahrah, Muhammad's daughter, and her husband, the Fourth Caliph ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib.

Shortly after Muhammad's death the Quran was compiled into a single book by order of the first Caliph Abu Bakr and at the suggestion of his future successor Umar.

In 715 the Umayyads led by the Caliph al-Walid I, rebuilt the Temple's nearby Chanuyot into a mosque ( see illustrations and detailed drawing ) which they named al-Masjid al-Aqsa المسجد الأقصى, the al-Aqsa Mosque or in translation " the furthest mosque ", corresponding to the Islamic belief of Muhammad's miraculous nocturnal journey as recounted in the Qur ' an and hadith.

The Alaouite family claim descent from Muhammad through the line of Fāṭimah az-Zahrah, Muhammad's daughter, and her husband, the Fourth Caliph ‘ Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib.

This lineage also indirectly connects to Ali, Muhammad's cousin, son-in-law and the Fourth Caliph, via Jafar as-Sadiq.

It is believed to have been built by the Prophet Jacob and then restored by the Prophet Solomon. When Caliph Umar conquered Jerusalem after Muhammad's death, a prayer house was rebuilt on the site.

It is notable that this manuscript fails to mention the Islamic conquest of Jerusalem in 636 AD by Muhammad's ( 570-632 AD ) successor, Caliph Umar ( 590-644 AD ).

In the early Islamic Caliphate, the head of state, the Caliph, had a position based on the notion of a successor to Muhammad's political authority, who, according to Sunnis, were ideally elected by the people or their representatives, as was the case for the election of Uthman and Ali as Caliph.

After Muhammad's death, Musaylimah rose up against the new Caliph Abu Bakr but his forces were defeated by Khalid ibn al-Walid as Musaylimah was killed in the Battle of Yamama by Wahshi ibn Harb, the same man who killed Muhammad's uncle, Hamza.

In year 20 of the Muslim era, or the year 641 AD, Muhammad's successor the Caliph ' Umar decreed that Jews and Christians should be removed from all but the southern and eastern fringes of Arabia — a decree based on the ( sometimes disputed ) uttering of the Prophet: " Let there not be two religions in Arabia ".

The most important of these were summarized by Muhammad's companion and first Caliph, Abu Bakr, in the form of ten rules for the Muslim army: