Sun Quan did not immediately submit to Wei or declare independence after Cao Pi's enthronement, but took a wait-and-see attitude ; by contrast, in early 221, Liu Bei declared himself emperor, establishing the state of Shu Han.

With the protection of the powerful Khitan Liao empire, the Northern Han maintained nominal independence until the Song Dynasty wrested it from the Khitan in 979.

There, Han voices his concern over Corellia trying to gain independence.

During this period, many different groups outside of Korea fought for independence, the most notable being the Daehan Minguk Imsi Jeongbu (, ), literally the " Provisional government of the Great Han people's nation ", known in English as the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea ( = ‘ people ’ + country / nation ’ = ‘ republic ’ in East Asian languages ).

In his Desert Road to Turkestan he describes mostly camel caravans run by Han Chinese and Hui firms from eastern China ( Hohhot, Baotou ) or Xinjiang ( Qitai ( then called Gucheng ), Barkol ), plying the routes connecting those two regions through the Gobi Desert by way of Inner ( or, before Mongolia's independence, Outer ) Mongolia.

In his Desert Road to Turkestan he describes mostly camel caravans run by Han Chinese and Hui firms from eastern China ( Hohhot, Baotou ) or Xinjiang ( Qitai ( then called Gucheng ), Barkol ), plying the routes connecting those two regions through the Gobi Desert by way of Inner ( or, before Mongolia's independence, Outer ) Mongolia.

Yan experienced a brief period of independence after the collapse of the Qin dynasty, but was eventually absorbed by the victorious Western Han Dynasty ( 202 BC – 9 AD ).

Wei, seeing that Eastern Han was gradually unifying the empire, inexplicably began considering independence.

Zhang Liang reminded Liu Bang that if he refused to approve Han Xin's request, Han might be discontented and declare independence from Liu, putting them in a dangerous situation.

When Liu heard this, instead of bringing his forces to Sima Ying's aid, he declared independence and entitled himself the Prince of Han — claiming rightful inheritance of Han Dynasty, as he claimed to be descended from a Han princess who had married a Xiongnu chanyu -- and thus establishing Han Zhao.

However, both Shao and Duan were captured by Shi ( who had by that point declared independence from Han Zhao, establishing Later Zhao ) by 321, ending all resemblance of Jin rule in northern China — although the Xianbei chief Murong Hui the Duke of Liaodong was still in control of modern Liaoning and still considered himself a Jin vassal.

During the Han era the city changed hands several times between the Xiongnu and the Han, interspersed with short periods of independence.

Meanwhile, Xiang Yu sent Wu She to persuade Han Xin to declare independence from Liu Bang and form an alliance with him, in hope of losing an opponent on the northern front.

When a local leader of Nanzhong, Yong Kai, rose up and claimed independence from Shu Han regime, Li Yan tried to utilize his personal influence to dissuade the former from doing so, and a total of six letters were sent, however, with no positive result.

The Chinese world view during the Han dynasty, when the Lo Shu seems to have been at the height of its popularity, was based in large part on the teachings of the Yin-Yang and Five-Elements School, which was traditionally founded by Tsou Yen.

During the Han dynasty, another Yin-Yang conception was applied to the Lo Shu, considering the latter as a plan of Ancient China.

Confucianism was particularly strong during the Han Dynasty, whose greatest thinker was Dong Zhongshu, who integrated Confucianism with the thoughts of the Zhongshu School and the theory of the Five Elements.

The system of Chinese astrology was elaborated during the Zhou dynasty ( 1046 – 256 BC ) and flourished during the Han Dynasty ( 2nd century BC to 2nd century AD ), during which all the familiar elements of traditional Chinese culture – the Yin-Yang philosophy, theory of the 5 elements, Heaven and Earth, Confucian morality – were brought together to formalise the philosophical principles of Chinese medicine and divination, astrology and alchemy.

When the site was excavated by Soviet archaeologists during 1941-45, they realized that they had discovered a building absolutely unique for the area: a large ( 1500 square meters ) Chinese-style, likely Han Dynasty era ( 206 BCE – 220 CE ) palace.

More recently, for example, it was claimed by A. A. Kovalyov as the residence of Lu Fang ( 盧芳 ), a Han throne pretender from the Guangwu era.

This period was characterized by a gradual decentralization of the state that had existed during the Qin and Han dynasties, and an increase in the power of great families.

The traditional Han clothing, or Hanfu, was also replaced by Manchu-style clothing Qipao ( bannermen dress and Tangzhuang ).

During the Han dynasty period, the important Confucian text Lessons for Women ( Nüjie ), was written by Ban Zhao ( 45-114 CE ): by a woman, for women.

Confucianism was particularly strong during the Han Dynasty, whose greatest thinker was Dong Zhongshu, who integrated Confucianism with the thoughts of the Zhongshu School and the theory of the Five Elements.

During the Qing Dynasty many philosophers objected against Neo-Confucianism and there was a return to the Han Dynasty Confucianism, and also the reprise of the controversy between Old Text and New Text.

No contemporary painting or sculpture of Confucius survives, and it was only during the Han Dynasty that he was portrayed visually.

The Treatise on Cold Damage Disorders and Miscellaneous Illnesses was collated by Zhang Zhongjing sometime between 196 and 220 CE, at the end of the Han dynasty.

Chiang Kai-shek considered both the Han Chinese and all the minority peoples of China, the Five Races Under One Union, as descendants of Huangdi, the Yellow Emperor and semi mythical founder of the Chinese nation, and belonging to the Chinese Nation Zhonghua Minzu and he introduced this into Kuomintang ideology, which was propagated into the educational system of the Republic of China.

The Qin calendar was used during the Qin dynasty, and in the beginning of the Western Han dynasty.

*** The Classic of Music is sometimes referred to as the sixth classic ; it was lost by the time of the Han Dynasty.

Deng was born into an ethnically Hakka Han family in Paifang village ( 牌坊村 ), Xiexing township ( 协兴镇 ), Guang ' an County in Sichuan province, approximately 160 km from Chongqing ( formerly spelled Chungking ).

The earliest known usage of huanghou was in the Han Dynasty.

Lee learns from his Sifu ( teacher ) that Han was also once a Shaolin student, but had been expelled from their order for abusing their code of conduct.

Han demands Williams to tell him who else was outside ( since his ' spy ' Mei Ling had failed to report Lee's nocturnal actions to Han ).

The Xiongnu were the most powerful non-Chinese ethnic group bordering the Chinese Han Dynasty, therefore the Han simply referred to them as the Hu ( the non-Chinese or barbarians ).

The confederacy was virtually dissolved in early third century therefore the warlords of the Han dynasty could play their own game of fighting for supremacy without much interference from tribes outside China.

During the Cultural Revolution, Tian Han was imprisoned, and the March of the Volunteers was therefore forbidden to be sung ; as a result there was a period of time when " The East Is Red " was used as the unofficial national anthem.

In 318, after suppressing a coup by a powerful minister in the Xiongnu-Han court ( in which the Xiongnu-Han emperor and a large proportion of the aristocracy were massacred ), the Xiongnu prince Liu Yao moved the Xiongnu-Han capital from Pingyang to Chang ' an and renamed the dynasty as Zhao ( Liu Yuan had declared the empire's name Han to create a linkage with Han Dynasty — to which he claimed he was a descendant, through a princess, but Liu Yao felt that it was time to end the linkage with Han and explicitly restore the linkage to the great Xiongnu chanyu Maodun, and therefore decided to change the name of the state.

The initial design goal was to create a 16-bit standard, and Han unification was therefore a critical step for avoiding tens of thousands of character duplications.

Han varied by size and therefore by income.

During her regency, therefore, the people of the empire enjoyed a measure of rest from the turmoils of the fall of the Qin Dynasty and the wars of the Chu – Han Contention.

Even though they still feared Dong Zhuo's military power and did not directly advance on Luoyang, Dong Zhuo was also fearful of their collective strength, and therefore determined to move the capital west to the old Western Han capital Chang ' an, closer to his power base in Liang Province ( 涼州 ; covering present-day Gansu ).

There are therefore differing opinions about the form of the Han Dynasty pipa.

Loulan was therefore attacked in 108 and its king captured, after which Loulan agreed to pay a tribute to Han China.

The king of Loulan therefore elected to send one of his son as a hostage to the Xiongnu, and another to the Han court.

The precarious state of the empire therefore forced the Han court to treat Nanyue initially with utmost circumspection.

In Chinese, Japanese, and Korean, each Han character is normally considered a word, and therefore word wrapping can usually occur before and after any Han character.