MtDNA Haplogroup D is found frequently throughout East Asia and Central Asia, and is also common in some populations of North Asia, Southeast Asia, and the Americas ; in addition, it has been found with low frequency in some populations of Europe and Southwest Asia.

MtDNA Haplogroup G has been found most frequently among indigenous populations of easternmost Siberia, but it is also common among some populations of East Asia, Central Asia, the Altai-Sayan region of southern Siberia, and the sub-Himalayan region.

Followed by Haplogroup J especially J1, which is typically Middle Eastern it can reach a frequencies of 35 % in the region, and its highest density is founded in the Arabian Peninsula, Followed by Haplogroup R1 which has been observed in North African though with lower frequency.

Research into the Y-chromosone DNA of Akins males who voluntarily submitted for genetic testing has revealed that a majority of those tested are patrilineally descended from various ancestors belonging to Haplogroup R1b1b2.

In Europe, the spread of the Neolithic culture has been associated with distribution of the E1b1b lineages and Haplogroup J that are thought to have arrived in Europe from North Africa and the Near East respectively.

Recent Y-DNA research has also revealed the genetic trail left by Vikings in the Wirral, specifically relatively high rates of the Haplogroup R1a, associated in Britain with Norse ( Slavic Vikings ) ancestry.

The ancient X Haplogroup found in Europe and the Middle East has been found near Ohio and the Great Lakes in ancient remains.

A fifth lineage known as Haplogroup X ( mtDNA ) has been associated with European or Eurasian populations 204 ; 11 226-227 ; 10 56-58.

Cheddar Man was determined to have belonged to Haplogroup U5, a branch of mitochondrial haplogroup U, which has also been found in other Mesolithic human remains.

( 2004 ), two out of a sample of sixteen ( or 12. 5 %) Ainu men have been found to belong to Haplogroup C3, which is the most common Y-chromosome haplogroup among the indigenous populations of the Russian Far East and Mongolia.

Recent research suggests that the Scottish warrior Somerled, who drove the Vikings out of Scotland and was the progenitor of Clan Donald, may himself have been of Viking descent — a member of Haplogroup R1a1.

Genetically, they have been tentatively associated by some authors with mtDNA haplogroup M and Y-chromosome Haplogroup C, the earliest Homo sapiens lineages thought to have migrated outside of Africa.

Melek Haji's descendants have so-far been identified as belonging to Y-DNA Haplogroup E-M34.

Haplogroup B was found in 50 % of Nuer, 26. 7 % of Shilluk, 23 % of Dinka, 14. 3 % of Nuba, 3. 1 % of Fur and 3. 1 % of Masalit.

A subsequent study in 2000 reported more specifically that a substantial number of Lemba men carry a particular haplotype of the Y-chromosome known as the Cohen modal haplotype ( CMH ), as well as, a haplogrup of Y-DNA Haplogroup J found amongst some Jews, but also in other populations across the Middle East and Arabia.

Haplogroup O and C-M8 are not found in Ainu, and C-M217 is not found in Okinawa.

Haplogroup N is detected in samples of central Japanese, but is not found in Ainu and Okinawa.

However, Haplogroup D4 is found at very low frequently in Korean ( 2, 3 %) therefore there was an existence of Japanese immigration in Korea peninsula for a period of a time.

Haplogroup A is found at low frequencies in parts of Africa, but is common among certain hunter-gatherer groups.

2011, determined that the deepest split in the Y-chromosome tree is found between two previously reported subclades of Haplogroup A, rather than between Haplogroup A and Haplogroup BT.

Studies of human genetics suggest that Georgian Y-DNA typically belongs to Haplogroup J2, also found in Turkey, Greece and Italy, as well as Haplogroup G.

* Haplogroup R1b is common all over Europe but especially common on the western Atlantic coast of Europe, and is also found in the Middle East and some parts of Africa.

* Haplogroup L3 ( mtDNA ), a human mitochondrial DNA ( mtDNA ) haplogroup generally found in East Africa

Scientists at TIGR examined two mitochondrial DNA D loop sequences and found that Hypervariable region 1 ( HV1 ) was consistent with Haplogroup A, one of the four Native American gene groups.

2 out of 132 male sample belong to East Asian Haplogroup O2 which is found in significant frequencies among Cantonese people is found in 1. 5 % of Cuban population.

Haplogroup T, like haplogroup E1b1b, is also typically found among populations of Northeast Africa, North Africa, the Near East and the Mediterranean.

Even today, Haplogroup V is found with particularly high concentrations in the people of Cantabria ( 15 %) of northern Iberia but specially in Saami People of northern Scandinavia: Swedish Sami ( 68 %), Finnish Sami ( 37 %) and Norwegian Sami ( 33 %).

Some researchers have speculated that this minority of Haplogroup C3 carriers among the Ainu may reflect a certain degree of unidirectional genetic influence from the Nivkhs, a traditionally nomadic people of northern Sakhalin and the adjacent mainland, with whom the Ainu have long-standing cultural interactions.

Remarkably, 63 % of the modern Kyrgyz men share Haplogroup R1a1 ( Y-DNA ) with Tajiks ( 64 %), Ukrainians ( 54 %), Poles ( 56 %) and even Icelanders ( 25 %).

Haplogroup R1a ( Y-DNA ) – 19. 8 % to 62. 7 %, with an average of 46. 7 %

Haplogroup I ( Y-DNA ) – 0 % to 26. 8 %, with an average of 17. 6 % ( All regions ), and 23. 5 % ( Central and South Russia )

Haplogroup N ( Y-DNA ) – 5. 4 % to 53. 7 %, with averages of 21. 6 % ( All regions ), and 10 % ( Central and South Russia )

Haplogroup R1b ( Y-DNA ) – 0 % to 14 %, with an average of 5. 8 %

Haplogroups A1b and A1a were considered subclades of Haplogroup A as they both possessed the M91 with 8Ts.

This would explain why subclades A1b and A1a-T, the deepest branches of Haplogroup A, both possess the same version of M91 with 8Ts.

A 2011 Study showed that Marsh Arabs have a high concentration of Haplogroup J1 for males and Haplogroup J having the highest concentration in females with Haplogroup H, Haplogroup U and Haplogroup T having the highest concentrations.

The Norwegian population is typical of the Northern European population with Haplogroup I1 being most common.

* In Blood of the Isles, Bryan Sykes gives the populations associated with Y-DNA Haplogroup R1b the name " Oisín " for a clan patriarch, much as he did for mitochondrial haplogroups in his work The Seven Daughters of Eve.

Haplogroup H2 is common only in Europe and in people with European ancestry.

Haplogroup H1 appears to be associated with increased probability of certain dementias, such as Alzheimer's disease.

( 2011 ) observed that a moderately high frequency of the studied Lemba samples carried Y-DNA Haplogroup T, which is considered to be of Near Eastern origin.