Friedman argued that the Phillips curve relationship was only a short-run phenomenon.

The " short-run Phillips curve " is also called the " expectations-augmented Phillips curve ", since it shifts up when inflationary expectations rise, Edmund Phelps and Milton Friedman argued.

And, as has been argued by D. C. Phillips, there is a " difference between emergence and reductionism.

Analyst Anne Phillips argued that the proper way to assess the effectiveness of the hard-to-measure concept of equality of opportunity is by the extent of the actual and easier-to-measure equality of outcome.

( The most famous of this latter group was Samuel F. Phillips, who later argued against segregation in Plessy vs. Ferguson ( 1896 )).

Phillips has argued for school selection to be amended to prevent segregation in British schools, and controversially warned that Britain's current approach to multiculturalism could cause Britain to " sleepwalk towards segregation ".

When Phillips sued, Princo argued that they should not be liable for their infringement because Phillips had made an agreement with Sony not to license a new patent that would allow for a different way of encoding data, which they claimed violated antitrust laws.

White's attorney, P. Phillips, argued that if the bond sales were invalid, then all actions of the state government during the war were null and void.

After a burst of research activity in the 1970s, monocular rivalry fell out of favour when Georgeson and Phillips ( 1980 ) argued that monocular rivalry arises from afterimages and eye movements.

He made only one major visit to other parts of the nation in the entire antebellum period-an 1855 journey to the north where he met and argued with abolitionists Gerrit Smith and Wendell Phillips.

At the 1959 American Economic Association Conference ( AEAC ), Paul Samuelson and Robert Solow, economists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, argued that the application of American wage and price statistical data to the Phillips curve indicated high levels of employment could be achieved with moderate levels of inflation.

Overall however, Phillips ( 2002 ) has argued that because the FCNM is flexible it has allowed such a great number of states to ratify it so quickly.

Phillips argued that large-scale plantation slavery was inefficient and not progressive.

Phillips argued the constitutionality of the 1871 Enforcement Act and advocated upholding a conviction of several Ku Klux Klan members who assaulted a black man for voting in a congressional election.

Phillips was part of the team who argued the Civil Rights Cases of 1883, using both the Civil Rights Act of 1875 and the 13th and 14th Amendments as a defense.

The curve on the card the computer spat back at him couldn't be argued with, however.

Some have argued that deforestation trends may follow a Kuznets curve, which if true would nonetheless fail to eliminate the risk of irreversible loss of non-economic forest values ( for example, the extinction of species ).

Some years ago one of us ( Novikov < sup > 10 </ sup >) briefly considered the possibility that CTCs might exist and argued that they cannot entail this type of causality violation: Events on a CTC are already guaranteed to be self-consistent, Novikov argued ; they influence each other around a closed curve in a self-adjusted, cyclical, self-consistent way.

Gary Becker has even argued that the bandwagon effect could be so strong as to make the demand curve slope upward.

One important theoretic development came from a Czech mathematician, Oldrich Vasicek, who argued in a 1977 paper that bond prices all along the curve are driven by the short end ( under risk neutral equivalent martingale measure ) and accordingly by short-term interest rates.

It is argued that the bathtub curve is an old concept and should not be used as a stand alone guide to reliability.

As part of their press for the new handwriting recognition system, PalmSource argued that Jot and Graffiti 2 more closely followed the standard ways of drawing letters and numbers than the original Graffiti did ; and they also argued that lowering the learning curve would attract more new users to the platform.

While Campbell intended the game to be harder, he also wished to improve the difficulty curve, which he argued was a flaw of its predecessor.

In the pre-Civil War years, the South argued that the slave was not less humanely treated than the factory worker of the North.

The proposal was made by Dr. David S. Jenkins after he and Mrs. D. Ellwood Williams, Jr., a board member and long-time critic of the superintendent, argued for about fifteen minutes at this week's meeting.

After Cuba and Laos, it was argued, Mr. Khrushchev will interpret the President's consent to the meeting as further evidence of Western weakness -- perhaps even panic -- and is certain to try to exploit the advantage he now believes he holds.

Lincoln successfully argued that the railroad company was not bound by its original charter in existence at the time of Barret's pledge ; the charter was amended in the public interest to provide a newer, superior, and less expensive route, and the corporation retained the right to demand Barret's payment.

Lincoln denounced the decision, alleging it was the product of a conspiracy of Democrats to support the Slave Power Lincoln argued, " The authors of the Declaration of Independence never intended ' to say all were equal in color, size, intellect, moral developments, or social capacity ', but they ' did consider all men created equal — equal in certain inalienable rights, among which are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness '.

However Copperhead rhetoric argued that emancipation was a stumbling block to peace and reunification.

Early anthropology was divided between proponents of unilinealism, who argued that all societies passed through a single evolutionary process, from the most primitive to the most advanced, and various forms of non-lineal theorists, who tended to subscribe to ideas such as diffusionism.

Influenced by the German tradition, Boas argued that the world was full of distinct cultures, rather than societies whose evolution could be measured by how much or how little " civilization " they had.

Friedrich Nietzsche argued that a fusion of the two was most desirable.

George Wittkowsky argued that Swift ’ s main target in A Modest Proposal was not the conditions in Ireland, but rather the can-do spirit of the times that led people to devise a number of illogical schemes that would purportedly solve social and economic ills.

James Johnson argued that A Modest Proposal was largely influenced and inspired by Tertullian ’ s Apology: a satirical attack against early Roman persecution of Christianity.

It has also been argued that A Modest Proposal was, at least in part, a response to the 1728 essay The Generous Projector or, A Friendly Proposal to Prevent Murder and Other Enormous Abuses, By Erecting an Hospital for Foundlings and Bastard Children by Swift's rival Daniel Defoe.

Errett Bishop argued that the axiom of choice was constructively acceptable, saying

He argued Congress could not decide either for or against slavey before a territory was settled.

In 1661, natural philosopher Robert Boyle published The Sceptical Chymist in which he argued that matter was composed of various combinations of different " corpuscules " or atoms, rather than the classical elements of air, earth, fire and water.

Garry Kasparov argued that Karpov would have had good chances, because he had beaten Spassky convincingly and was a new breed of tough professional, and indeed had higher quality games, while Fischer had been inactive for three years.

Furthermore, in 2002, Bligh's great-great-grandson Lord Clifton, the heir-apparent to the Earldom of Darnley, argued that the Ashes urn should not be returned to Australia because it belonged to his family and was given to the MCC only for safe keeping.

However, the idea that electrons might revolve around a compact nucleus with definite angular momentum was convincingly argued at least 19 years earlier by Niels Bohr, and the Japanese physicist Hantaro Nagaoka published an orbit-based hypothesis for electronic behavior as early as 1904.

According to the teaching of Arius, the preexistent Logos and thus the incarnate Jesus Christ was a created being ; that only the Son was directly created and begotten by God the Father, before ages, but was of a distinct, though similar, essence or substance from the Creator ; his opponents argued that this would make Jesus less than God, and that this was heretical.

Amontons therefore argued that the zero of his thermometer would be that temperature at which the spring of the air in it was reduced to nothing.

As chairman of the Committee to Audit and Control the Contingent Expense, Johnson continued his relentless opposition to spending, especially when the capital city was the beneficiary ; he argued it was egregious to expect citizens in other states to fund the infrastructure of another locality, regardless of the fact it was the seat of government.