The Oxford English Dictionary traces the earliest use ( as " Androides ") to Ephraim Chambers ' Cyclopaedia, in reference to an automaton that St. Albertus Magnus allegedly created.

However, in 1513 and 1514 Dürer created his three most famous engravings: Knight, Death, and the Devil ( 1513, probably based on Erasmus's treatise Enichiridion militis Christiani ), St. Jerome in his Study, and the much-debated Melencolia I ( both 1514 ).

Separating from his superior, Metropolitan Acacius of Caesarea, a partisan of Arius who taught that Jesus was a divine being created by — and therefore inferior to — God the Father, St. Cyril took the side of the Eusebians of the post-Nicene conciliation party and thus got into difficulties with his superior that were increased by Acacius's jealousy of the importance assigned to St. Cyril's See by the Council of Nicaea.

* Imette St. Guillen-a graduate student, murdered in February 2006, studying criminal justice ; a scholarship was created in her name

In the 1970s, ML was created by Robin Milner at the University of Edinburgh, and David Turner developed initially the language SASL at the University of St. Andrews and later the language Miranda at the University of Kent.

Bacon was knighted in 1603, and created both the Baron Verulam in 1618 and the Viscount St. Alban in 1621 ; as he died without heirs, both peerages became extinct upon his death.

A less common belief, contradicting allochtonic Slovene origin, was that the Glagolitic was created or used in the 4th century by St. Jerome, hence the alphabet is sometimes named Hieronymian.

In the Middle Ages, Glagolitsa was also known as " St. Jerome's script " due to popular mediaeval legend ( created by Croatian scribes in 13th century ) ascribing its invention to St Jerome ( 342-429 ).

He appointed a commission that set aside 3, 000, 000 acres ( 12, 000 km² ) of national parks and 2, 300, 000 acres of national forests ; advocated tax reduction for low-income Americans ( not enacted ); closed certain tax loopholes for the wealthy ; doubled the number of veterans ' hospital facilities ; negotiated a treaty on St. Lawrence Seaway ( which failed in the U. S. Senate ); wrote a Children's Charter that advocated protection of every child regardless of race or gender ; created an antitrust division in the Justice Department ; required air mail carriers to adopt stricter safety measures and improve service ; proposed federal loans for urban slum clearances ( not enacted ); organized the Federal Bureau of Prisons ; reorganized the Bureau of Indian Affairs ; instituted prison reform ; proposed a federal Department of Education ( not enacted ); advocated $ 50-per-month pensions for Americans over 65 ( not enacted ); chaired White House conferences on child health, protection, homebuilding and home-ownership ; began construction of the Boulder Dam ( later renamed Hoover Dam ); and signed the Norris – La Guardia Act that limited judicial intervention in labor disputes.

Verulam Road was created specifically to aid the movement of stage coaches, since St Albans was the first major stop on the coaching route north from London.

In 1845, the elected office of deputy was created though this did little to redress the disparity of representation between the rural and urban parishes: in 1854 St Helier contained over half of the island's population, yet was able to elect only three out of the 14 deputies.

William Whiston, who created perhaps the most famous of the English translations of Josephus, claimed that certain works by Josephus had a similar style to the Epistles of St Paul ( Saul ).

St. Anthony's Lighthouse at St. Anthony's Head near Falmouth, Cornwall was featured in the title sequence of the children's live action puppet television program series Fraggle Rock created by Jim Henson.

Research in the 20th century has focused on dating the manuscripts ( 19th-century scholars tended to date them older ); locating where the manuscripts were created — there were seven major scriptoria from which they originate: Winchester, Exeter, Worcester, Abingdon, Durham, and two Canterbury houses, Christ Church and St. Augustine's Abbey ; and identifying the regional dialects used: Northumbrian, Mercian, Kentish, West Saxon ( the last being the main dialect ).

A council of workers called the St. Petersburg Soviet was created in all this chaos, and the beginning of a communist political protest had begun.

To create a navigable channel through the Long Sault rapids and to allow hydroelectric stations to be established immediately upriver from Cornwall, Ontario and Massena, New York, Lake St. Lawrence was created through the flooding on 1 July 1958 of six villages and three hamlets in Ontario, now collectively known as " The Lost Villages.

St Augustine of Hippo ( 354 AD – 430 ) in his Augustinian theodicy focuses on the Genesis story that essentially dictates that God created the world and that it was good ; evil is merely a consequence of the fall of man ( The story of the Garden of Eden where Adam and Eve disobeyed God and caused inherent sin for man ).

On the other side of the world in 1983, Howard Jacobs created several wakeboards by mounting windsurfing foot straps and partial hydroslide pads on some smaller surfboards that he had shaped ; by 1984, he was throwing backflips on the St. Johns River in Jacksonville, Florida.

Dancers and choreographers such as Isadora Duncan, Ruth St. Denis, Martha Graham, Jose Limon, Doris Humphrey, Merce Cunningham and Paul Taylor re-defined movement, struggling to bring it back to its ' natural ' roots and along with Jazz, created a solely American art form.

The Mount St. Helens National Volcanic Monument was created to preserve the volcano and allow for its aftermath to be scientifically studied.

Northumbria played an important role in the formation of Insular art, a unique style combining Anglo-Saxon, Celtic, Pictish, Byzantine and other elements, producing works such as the Lindisfarne Gospels, St Cuthbert Gospel, the Ruthwell Cross and Bewcastle Cross, and later the Book of Kells, which was probably created at Iona.

Westminster Abbey is a collegiate church governed by the Dean and Chapter of Westminster, as established by Royal charter of Queen Elizabeth I in 1560, which created it as the Collegiate Church of St Peter Westminster and a Royal Peculiar under the personal jurisdiction of the Sovereign.

The land over which he sped was the land he had created and lived in: his valley.

Privately, he created and magnified an image of himself as a hired assassin.

`` There was always and at all times a contemporary music and it expresses the era in which it was created.

We began by declaring that all men are created equal.

We now practically read it, all men are created equal except Negroes.

When the Know-nothings get control, it will read, All men are created equal except Negroes and foreigners and Catholics.

They recognized that slavery was a moral issue and not merely an economic interest, and that to recognize it explicitly in their Constitution would be in explosive contradiction to the concept of sovereignty they had set forth in the Declaration of 1776 that `` all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among them are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.

Their kind created an American culture superior to any in the world, an industrial and technological culture which penetrated Russia as it did almost every corner of the earth without a nickel from the Federal treasury or a single governmental specialist to contrive directives or program a series of consultations of interested agencies.

Going back over this ground and analyzing the composition of forces which have created the present scene is one of the tasks undertaken by the Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions, in Santa Barbara.

We also know that the Saxon Shore as reflected in the Notitia was created as a part of the Theodosian reorganization of Britain ( post A.D. 369 ).

Religion and the churches were institutions which had been created by man, not God.

Adams contended that once such a special class had been created it became a vested interest and sought to maintain itself by assuming exclusive control over the relationships between God and man.

Then I spoke at the ninetieth birthday party of W. E. Burghardt Du Bois, who embarked on a fictional trilogy at eighty-nine and who, with The Crisis, had created a Negro intelligentsia that had never existed in America before him.

For a time it appeared that a common European army might be created, but the project for a European Defense Community was rejected by the French National Assembly in 1954.

the combination of the Jewish intellectual tradition and the sensibility needed to be a writer created in my circle the most potent and incredible intellectual-literary ambition I have ever seen or could ever have imagined.

Nor does Sen. Jackson discuss the delicate situation created by the presence in the White House of a corps of presidential assistants engaged in the study of foreign policy.

The most articulate Republicans are those who, in their desire to get back at Mr. Kennedy, already have created the image of a Republican leadership which is reluctant to assist the distressed and the unemployed, and which is even more unwilling to help old people who need medical care.

In 1950, Public Law 920 created Civil Defense ( different from Civilian-groups of World War 2 ), a responsibility of the Government at all levels to help reduce loss of life and property in disaster, natural or manmade.

Nikita Khrushchev, however, has created yet another problem for himself.

Thus the government simultaneously undertook the vast burden of social security which had traditionally been privately discharged, and created a national scarcity which has engendered calamitous problems of social security.

a special fund created for that purpose pursuant to subsection ( A ) of this section any amounts hereafter paid, in United States dollars, by a foreign government which has entered into a claims settlement agreement with the Government of the United States as described in subsection ( A ) of Section 4 of this Title.

On the basis of what they give us we can know how the young Caruso sang, appreciate the distinctive qualities of Parsifal under Karl Muck's baton, or sense the type of ensemble Toscanini created in his years with the New York Philharmonic.

No matter how determined or wealthy boating lovers of the Southwest had been, for example, they could never have created anything approaching the fifty square-mile Lake Texoma, located between Texas and Oklahoma, which resulted when the Corp of Army Engineers dammed the Red River.

Where an opportunity to enjoy boating has not been created by bringing bodies of water to the people, means have been found to take the people and their boats to the water.

In following this general principle, Mason provides the observer with a natural eye progression from foreground to background, and the illusion of depth is instantly created.