A tax is a " pecuniary burden laid upon individuals or property owners to support the government [...] a payment exacted by legislative authority.

" A tax " is not a voluntary payment or donation, but an enforced contribution, exacted pursuant to legislative authority " and is " any contribution imposed by government [...] whether under the name of toll, tribute, tallage, gabel, impost, duty, custom, excise, subsidy, aid, supply, or other name.

A tax may be defined as a " pecuniary burden laid upon individuals or property to support the government a payment exacted by legislative authority.

" A tax " is not a voluntary payment or donation, but an enforced contribution, exacted pursuant to legislative authority " and is " any contribution imposed by government whether under the name of toll, tribute, tallage, gabel, impost, duty, custom, excise, subsidy, aid, supply, or other name.

Consequently, when the British government pacified the tribes of the lower Persian Gulf, which it had labeled as " pirates " ( hence the term " Pirate Coast "), in a series of naval engagements in the early 19th century, and then exacted from them a general surrender in 1820 and a maritime truce in the 1830s ( hence the term " Trucial " Shaikhdoms ), the Qasemi of the Persian coast were spared the ravages and humiliation suffered by their namesake in the lower Persian Gulf.

By skillful alliances with the Marquis Antonio di Rudinì he more than once obtained practical control of the Italian government and exacted notable concessions to Radical demands.

To lessen the impact that its policies of permitting overfishing had exacted upon rural Newfoundlanders, the federal government swiftly created a relief program called " The Atlantic Groundfish Strategy " ( TAGS ) to provide short to medium term financial support, as well as employment retraining for the longer term.

The congregation suffered severely during the Silesian wars ( 1740 – 1742, 1744 – 1745 and 1756 – 1763 ), when they had to furnish the monarchy with their share in the supertaxes exacted by the government of Maria Theresa from the Jews of Moravia.

The ruling Khanate injected the Mongol governing ideology into the Rus ', formed its princes to this mold and exacted control on the society as dictated by their synthesized theorem of government and established dominance over the Rus ' political structure.

His feeling always exacted sacrifices from her.

For example, Psalm 34 is attributed to David on the occasion of his escape from the Abimelech ( king ) Achish by pretending to be insane-according to the narrative in 1 Samuel 21, instead of killing the man who had exacted so many casualties from him, Abimelech allows David to depart, exclaiming, " Am I so short of madmen that you have to bring this fellow here to carry on like this in front of me?

Diocletian exacted an oath of allegiance from the defeated army and departed for Italy.

With the rise of Islam in the 7th century the power of Aksum declined and the Kingdom became isolated, the Dahlak archipelago, northern and western Eritrea, came under increasing control of Islamic powers based in Yemen and Beja lands in Sudan. The Beja were often in alliance with the Umayyads of Arabia who themselves established footholds along stretches of the Eritrean coastline and the Dahlak archipelago while the Funj of Sudan exacted tribute from the adjacent western lowlands of Eritrea.

Part of his proposal was the idea that micropayments could be automatically exacted from the reader for all the text, no matter how many snippets of content are taken from various places.

In his reign Russia concluded the union with republican France to contain the growing power of Germany, completed the conquest of Central Asia, and exacted important territorial and commercial concessions from China.

In 1726, the British Governor of New York exacted a promise from the Iroquois to return all runaway slaves who had joined up with them.

The Varangians ( Varyags, in Old East Slavic ) are first mentioned by the Primary Chronicle as having exacted tribute from the Slavic and Finnic tribes in 859.

In addition to annexing much of the colonial possessions of the vanquished states, the Triple Entente exacted punitive restitution payments from their former foes, plunging Germany in particular into economic depression.

* The huge indemnity exacted from China is used to establish the Yawata Iron and Steel Works.

He exacted several tallages specifically from Jews to raise money for his campaigns.

I may say with truth, that in few countries so much is left to the share of the laborer, and so little exacted from him, or where there is more kind attention paid to him in sickness or infirmities of age.

By strict economy of time he accomplished an immense amount of work ; he exacted similar application from his dependents, and proved himself a hard husband, a strict father, a severe and cruel master.

There are two possible occasions when this could have happened: the first was in 145 BC, when Ptolemy VIII purged Alexandria of the intellectuals who supported his rivals for the throne ; and in 132 BC after Ptolemy, who had been driven from his kingdom by a rebellion in Alexandria, returned and exacted reprisals on that city.

Though, except for the Dogger-Bank skirmish, no major battles were fought in European waters, and the British blockade encountered little opposition from the Dutch fleet, the blockade itself exacted its toll on the British seamen, who were at sea for long times at a stretch ( which even exposed them to the danger of scurvy ) and the ships, that suffered from severe wear and tear.

He also ruled over the greater part of Germany, made expeditions into Saxony, and for some time exacted from the Saxons an annual tribute of 500 cows.

Moreover, the Sarmatians exacted tribute from the Cotini and Osi, and iron from the Cotini ( ch.

In 1742 the Peshwa advanced to Mandla and exacted tribute, and from this time until 1781, when Gond dynasty of Garha-Mandla was finally overthrown, Garha-Mandla remained practically a Maratha dependency.

The area appears to have remained largely British in the first century or so after Britain left the Roman Empire, but pagan burials and place names in its north-eastern sector suggest an inflow of Angles along the Warwickshire Avon and perhaps by other routes ; they may have exacted tribute from British rulers.

The Horde exacted tax payments from its subject peoples – Rus ' people, Armenians, Georgians, Circassians, Alans, Crimean Greeks, Crimean Goths, and others ( Bulgarians, Vlachs ).

In the department of medicine, a severe and prolonged examination, conducted by the most eminent physicians of the capital, was exacted of all candidates desirous of practicing their profession, and such as were unable to stand the test were formally pronounced incompetent.

Following this victory, savage retribution was exacted on the rebels.

He was compelled by financial necessities, created in part by the heavy war-indemnity exacted by Rome, to pursue an ambitious policy.

Several years later, de Havilland remembered the slight and exacted her own revenge by brushing past Fontaine, who was waiting with her hand extended, because de Havilland allegedly took offense at a comment Fontaine had made about de Havilland's husband.

When in the late 13th century the Dampierre count Guy of Flanders entered into the Franco-Flemish War with his suzerain King Philip IV of France, the Dunkirk citizens sided with the French against their count, who first was defeated at the 1297 Battle of Furnes, but reached de facto autonomy upon the victorious Battle of the Golden Spurs five years later and exacted vengeance.

Haiti was already in debt to the French, which had exacted high payment for lost properties of planters, in essence making Haiti pay for its independence.

Cleon had prosecuted Aristophanes for slandering the polis with an earlier play, The Babylonians ( 426 BC ), for which the young dramatist had promised revenge in The Acharnians ( 425 BC ), and it was in The Knights ( 424 BC ) that his revenge was exacted.

Loyalty was exacted from religious foundations, already greatly weakened by Nobunaga and Hideyoshi, through a variety of control mechanisms.

The salaries of civil servants were increased, the acceptance of gifts from Indians was forbidden, and Clive exacted covenants under which participation in the inland trade was stopped.

This exemption was extended even to priests who taught in secondary schools, where a university degree was exacted from lay teachers.

The central-wheeled wheelbarrow could generally transport six human passengers at once, and instead of a laborious amount of energy exacted upon the animal or human driver pulling the wheelbarrow, the weight of the burden was distributed equally between the wheel and the puller.

Significantly outnumbered, the AVG was gradually reduced through attrition, but often exacted a disproportionate toll of their attackers.

The Nazi regime began the campaign of incendiary bombings with the bombing of London in 1940 – 41, and reprisal was exacted by the Allies in the strategic bombing campaign.

Within this court the keeper of the baths ( balneator ), who exacted the quadrans paid by each visitor, was also stationed.

When Muhammad bin Qasim passed through Makran while raising forces, he had to re-subdue the restive Umayyad towns of Fannazbur and Arman Belah ( Lasbela ) The first town assaulted was Debal and upon the orders of Al-Hajjaj, he exacted a bloody retribution on Debal by giving no quarter to its residents or priests and destroying its great temple.

The amount of tribute exacted from Hoshea is not stated in Scripture, but Menahem, about ten years previously ( 743 or 742 BC ) was required to pay 1, 000 talents of silver to Tiglath-Pileser in order to " strengthen his hold on the kingdom " (), apparently against Menahem's rival Pekah.

Aston Hall, built in 1635 by the Cavalier | Royalist Thomas Holte | Sir Thomas Holte, still bears the scars from its attack by local Roundhead | Parliamentarian s in 1643Royalist revenge was exacted on Easter Monday, 3 April 1643, when Prince Rupert returned to Birmingham with 1, 200 cavalry, 700 footsoldiers and 4 guns.

In October 1822, Ismail, with his retinue, was burnt to death by Nimr, the mek ( king ) of Shendi ; and the defterdar, a man infamous for his cruelty, assumed the command of those provinces, and exacted terrible retribution from the inhabitants.