Most other scholars disagree with this view and they believe that the phrase " Pharisees and Sadducees " more likely refers to all Jews, in keeping with Luke.

Muslim tradition, however, fleshes out the details regarding Benjamin and refers to him as being born from Jacob's wife Rachel, and further links a connection, as does Jewish tradition, between the names of Benjamin's children and Joseph.

Other scholars conclude that the Abomination of Desolation refers to the Crucifixion, an attempt by the emperor Hadrian to erect a statue to Jupiter in the Jewish temple, or an attempt by Caligula to have a statue depicting him as Zeus built in the temple.

In contrast to the Jewish view of being morally balanced, Original Sin refers to the idea that the sin of Adam and Eve's disobedience ( sin " at the origin ") has passed on a spiritual heritage, so to speak.

When capitalized and without modifiers ( that is, simply the Diaspora ), the term refers specifically to the Jewish diaspora ; when uncapitalized the word diaspora may be used to refer to refugee populations of other origins or ethnicities.

The content of " M " suggests that this community was stricter than the others in its attitude to keeping the Jewish law, holding that they must exceed the scribes and the Pharisees in " righteousness " ( adherence to Jewish law ); and of the three only " M " refers to a " church " ( ecclesia ), an organised group with rules for keeping order.

Jewish philosophy refers to the conjunction between serious study of philosophy and Jewish theology.

While the gospels present this as a consequence of the marriage of Herod Antipas and Herodias in defiance of Jewish law ( as in Matthew 14: 4, Mark 6: 18 ) Josephus refers to it as a pre-emptive measure by Herod to quell a possible uprising.

The Hebrew word mashiach ( or moshiach ) refers to the Jewish idea of the Messiah.

The Jewish Messiah refers to a human leader, physically descended from the Davidic line, who will rule and unite the people of Israel and will usher in the Messianic Age of global and universal peace.

Kosher most commonly refers to Kashrut ( Jewish dietary laws ).

56 — 120 AD ) refers to Moses by noting that the Jewish religion was monotheistic and without a clear image.

However, messiahs were not exclusively Jewish kings, and the Hebrew Bible refers to Cyrus the Great, king of Persia, as a messiah.

There shall step forth a star out of Jacob, and a scepter shall rise out of Israel ... From Jacob shall issue out and destroy the remnant of the city ", which Jewish Biblical scholars expound refers to the king's victory over Israel's enemies.

Oxfordian William Farina refers to Shakespeare's apparent knowledge of the Jewish ghetto, Venetian architecture and laws in the plot of The Merchant of Venice, especially the city's " notorious Alien Statute ".

Reform Judaism is a phrase that refers to various beliefs, practices and organizations associated with the Reform Jewish movement in North America, the United Kingdom and elsewhere.

The prohibition of blasphemy, for which capital punishment is prescribed in Jewish law, refers only to the Tetragrammaton ( Soferim iv., end ; comp.

Despite the fact that the ancient Jewish historian Josephus, as well as other sources, refers to the crucifixion of thousands of people by the Romans, there is only a single archaeological discovery of a crucified body dating back to the Roman Empire around the time of Jesus.

Paul, in opposing his enemies in Galatia, recalls that John explicitly, along with Peter and James the Just, were referred to as " pillars of the church " and refers to the recognition that his Apostolic preaching of a gospel free from Jewish Law received from these three, the most prominent men of the messianic community at Jerusalem.

* 12th century ;-A document from Cairo refers to a Jewish bookseller lending a copy of The Thousand and One Nights ( this is the first appearance of the final form of the title ).

According to the commentary of the same scholar this does not refer to Jewish converts to Islam, rather the main corpus of the Jews, arguing that it refers to the traditions mentioned in the Bible: " His window being open in his chambers towards Jerusalem, he kneeled upon his knees three times a day, and prayed, and gave thanks before his God as he gave aforetime.

Chapter 14 of the Book of Isaiah refers to what Jewish exegesis of the prophetic vision of Isaiah 14: 12-15 identifies as King Nebuchadnezzar II ; the Hebrew word says " Helel ben Shaḥar " (" the shining one, son of the morning ").

In this sense, modern term " Ashkenazi " refers to a subset of Jewish religious practices, appropriated over time, rather than to a strict ethno-geographic division, which became erased over-time.

High pressure food preservation refers to high pressure used for food preservation.

In the Antiquities of the Jews ( Book 20, Chapter 9, 1 ) Josephus refers to the stoning of " James the brother of Jesus " by order of Ananus ben Ananus, a Herodian-era High Priest who died c. 68 AD.

* The English-language term High Holy Days ( or High holidays ) refers to Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur collectively.

The dominant usage of the word Renaissance refers to the cultural changes that occurred in Italy that culminated in the High Renaissance around 1500.

The etymology of the word refers to enclosure: it is from Middle English gardin, from Anglo-French gardin, jardin, of Germanic origin ; akin to Old High German gard, gart, an enclosure or compound, as in Stuttgart.

In Canada, " High School " ( also known as " Secondary school " or " Collegiate Institute ") generally refers to a school comprising grades nine through twelve, but this can vary between provinces and school districts.

In the High Court, the abbreviation " JA " is used to denote a Judge of Appeal, and the letter " J " refers to a Judge of the Court of First Instance.

The term tannin ( from tanna, an Old High German word for oak or fir tree, as in Tannenbaum ) refers to the use of wood tannins from oak in tanning animal hides into leather ; hence the words " tan " and " tanning " for the treatment of leather.

* Description: A more specialized voice category and a subset of the Dramatic Baritone, a Verdi baritone refers to a voice capable of singing consistently and with ease in the highest part of the baritone range, sometimes extending up to the C above middle C, or " High C ." The Verdi baritone will generally have a lot of squillo, or " ping "

High adds that Gunnr (" war "), Róta, and Skuld — the latter of the three he refers to as " the youngest norn "—" always ride to choose the slain and decide the outcome of battle ".

Simek says that the West Germanic term Idisi ( Old Saxon idis, Old High German itis, Old English ides ) refers to a " dignified, well respected woman ( married or unmarried ), possibly a term for any woman, and therefore glosses exactly Latin matrona " and that a link to the North Germanic term dísir is reasonable to assume, yet not undisputed.

The name of Ian Dury's first band, Kilburn & the High Roads, refers to this road, as does the Flogging Molly song, " Kilburn High Road " and the Shack song, " Kilburn High Road ".

While the city's name was changed long ago, the high school never changed its name ; Tippecanoe High School, is a constant reminder to people in the area of what " Tipp " refers to.

* Jackie Kashian, stand-up comedian born in South Milwaukee and graduated from South Milwaukee High, who refers to South Milwaukee in her act as being " east of Milwaukee "

Philip Birnbaum, in his classic edition of the Mahzor ( High holy day prayer book ) comments on this passage: " It refers to vows assumed by an individual for himself alone, where no other persons or interests are involved.

In Nichiren Shoshu interpretation, this doctrine refers to the High Priest and the priesthood in general.

(" high ") in the term for the standard language refers to " high " in a cultural or educational sense, while in the linguistic term it simply refers to the geography of the German speaking regions in Central Europe ; High German of the southern uplands and the Alps ( including Austria, Switzerland and parts of northern Italy as well as southern Germany ) contrasting with Low German spoken in the lowlands stretching towards the North Sea.

Since the 1950s, the name commonly refers to the High Dam.

High voltage refers to an output on the order of hundreds or thousands of volts.

It also refers to the divine force, quality, and influence of the Most High God, over the universe or over his creatures, in given contexts.