The Constitution stipulated that Australia was a constitutional monarchy, where the Head of State is the British ( or, since 1942, Australian ) monarch, who is represented at the federal level by a Governor-General, and at the state level by six Governors, one for each state.

As a result, the duties of the head of state are constitutionally delegated to the Supreme People's Assembly whose chairman is " Head of State for foreign affairs " and performs some of the roles of a Head of State, such as accrediting foreign ambassadors.

Thus in March 1979 Colonel Muammar Gaddafi, who kept absolute power ( until his overthrow in 2011 referred to as " Guide of the Revolution "), after ten years as combined Head of State and Head of government of the Libyan Jamahiriya (" state of the masses "), styled Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council, formally transferred both qualities to the General secretaries of the General People's Congress ( comparable to a Speaker ) respectively to a Prime Minister, in political reality both were his creatures.

Sometimes a head of state assumes office as a state becomes legal and political reality, before a formal title for the highest office is determined ; thus in the since 1 January 1960 independent republic Cameroon ( Cameroun, a former French colony ), the first President, Ahmadou Babatoura Ahidjo, was at first not styled président but ' merely ' known as Chef d ' état ( literal French for ' Head of State ') until 5 May 1960 ; in Uganda, military coup leader since 25 January 1971 Idi Amin was formally styled military head of State till 21 February 1971, only from then on regular ( but unconstitutional, not elected ) President.

simple: Head of state

David Ben-Gurion, the Executive Head of the World Zionist Organization and the chairman of the Jewish Agency for Palestine, declared the establishment of a Jewish state in Eretz-Israel, to be known as the State of Israel.

* 1960 – Ghana becomes a Republic and Kwame Nkrumah becomes its first President as Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom ceases to be its Head of state.

# Chief Commander: Head of state or government.

* 1967 – The Pakistan Peoples Party is founded by Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto who becomes its first Chairman later as the Head of state and Head of government after the 1971 Civil War.

* 1999 – Australians vote to keep the Head of the Commonwealth as their head of state in the Australian republic referendum.

* Parliamentary republic — a republic, like India, Poland, with an elected head of state, but where the head of state and head of government are kept separate with the Head of government retaining most executive powers, or a head of state akin to a head of government, elected by a Parliament.

* Head of state Francisco Franco

They are respectively the last German Head of state and Head of government until 1949.

" This is used as a formal title in many states, but also informally a generic term to describe whichever office is formally the first amongst the executive " ministers " of an otherwise styled Head of State, as Minister — Latin for servants or subordinates — is a common title for members of a government ( but many other titles are in use, e. g. secretary ( of state )).

Formally the " head of state " can also personally be the " head of government " ( ex officio or by ad hoc cumulation such as an absolute monarch nominating himself ) but otherwise has formal precedence over the Head of Government and other ministers, whether he is their actual political superior ( absolute monarch, executive president ) or rather theoretical or ceremonial in character.

In some cases, the Head of state is a figurehead whilst the Head of the government leads the ruling party.

Recently, meetings have been attended by Queen Elizabeth II, who is the Head of the Commonwealth, although the Queen's formal appearance only began in 1997.

Nevertheless, Elizabeth was forced to accept the title of Supreme Governor of the Church of England rather than the more contentious title of Supreme Head, which many thought unacceptable for a woman to bear.

The Head of State is the Lord of Mann, which is a hereditary position held by the British monarch ( currently Queen Elizabeth II ).

Elizabeth II's traditional title as Head of State is Duke of Normandy.

* 1953 – The coronation of Queen Elizabeth II, who is crowned Queen of the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Her Other Realms and Territories & Head of the Commonwealth, the first major international event to be televised.

As Head of State, Queen Elizabeth II, styled Elizabeth the Second, Queen of Papua New Guinea and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, or simply Queen of Papua New Guinea, is represented in Papua New Guinea by a governor general who acts on the advice of the prime minister and the cabinet.

In order to allow Henry to divorce his wife, the English parliament enacted laws breaking ties with Rome, and declaring the king Supreme Head of the Church of England ( from Elizabeth I the monarch is known as the Supreme Governor of the Church of England ), thus severing the ecclesiastical structure of England from the Catholic Church and the Pope.

Following the Coronation, two important Acts were passed through parliament: the Act of Uniformity and the Act of Supremacy, establishing the Protestant Church of England and creating Elizabeth Supreme Governor of the Church of England ( Supreme Head, the title used by her father and brother, was seen as inappropriate for a woman ruler ).

The full style of Elizabeth II in the United Kingdom is, " Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith ".

Following the Maltese constitutional referendum, 1964, approved by 54. 5 % of voters, on 21 September 1964, Malta became an independent state as a Constitutional Monarchy, with Queen Elizabeth II as its Head of State.

The present Sovereign's full style and title is " Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith ".

* February 6 – The Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II marks the 60th anniversary of her accession to the thrones of the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and New Zealand, and the 60th anniversary of her becoming Head of the Commonwealth.

; Sovereign and Head of State: Elizabeth II, Queen of Barbados ( since 30 November 1966 ).

Professor Elizabeth Rouse is Head of College.

For example, the British and Commonwealth realms ' Head of State, HM Queen Elizabeth II or HM Queen Beatrix of The Netherlands.

On 1 June 1963, Kenyatta became prime minister of the autonomous Kenyan government, with Queen Elizabeth II remaining as Head of State ( after Independence, styled as Queen of Kenya ), represented by a Governor-General.

Since 1949, two monarchs of the House of Windsor, George VI and Elizabeth II, have also been Head of the Commonwealth of Nations, comprising most ( but not all ) parts of the former British Empire and some states that were never part of it.

The Games were opened by Elizabeth II, in her capacity as Head of the Commonwealth.

In 1806 Francis II ( now Francis I of Austria ) named the Archduke Charles, already a field marshal, as Commander in Chief of the Austrian army and Head of the Council of War.

* Death's Head II, MINION, Marvel Comics

* Nevil Shute ( Nevil Shute Norway ), the Ealing-born aeronautical engineer and novelist lived at Pond Head on Hayling Island during World War II.

After World War II, East Prussia was divided between the USSR and Poland, and Königsberg was renamed after the Soviet Head of State Mikhail Kalinin.

In 2007, Samoa's first Head of State, His Highness Malietoa Tanumafili II, died at the age of 95.

The late Malietoa Tanumafili II was Samoa's Head of State for 45 years.

* Head of State Malietoa Tanumafili II ( Samoa )

Prince Kiril of Bulgaria was appointed head of a regency council by the Bulgarian parliament following the death of his brother, Tsar Boris on 28 August 1943, to act as Head of State until the late Tsar's son, Simeon II of Bulgaria, became 18.

* The plot of the second episode of Blackadder II, " Head ", echoes plot elements of the play, with the titular character, as Executioner, swapping around heads in order to pretend that a criminal is alive rather than dead.

With Victor Emmanuel's final abdication in May 1946, his son Umberto II became Head of State.

Head of Ptolemy II and his mother Berenice I

Two prominent locations in the park are Point Stephens Light, a lighthouse built in 1862 and the World War II gun emplacements on Tomaree Head which were built in 1941, the location of the No. 20 Radar Station RAAF.

In the Middle Ages, Spurn Head was home to the port of Ravenspurn ( a. k. a. Ravenspur or Ravensburgh ), where Henry Bolingbroke landed in 1399 on his return to dethrone Richard II.