The poet Hesiod connects the name Pegasus with the word for " spring, well ", pēgē: " the pegai of Okeanos, where he was born.

Hesiod describes Alcmene as the tallest, most beautiful woman with wisdom surpassed by no person born of mortal parents.

Deimos, " Terror " or " Dread ", and Phobos, " Fear ", are his companions in war and also his children, borne by Aphrodite, according to Hesiod.

* Hesiod, Astronomy, quoted by the Pseudo-Eratostenes, Catasterismi: e-text ( English )

Erasmus is also generally credited with originating the phrase " Pandora's box ", arising through an error in his translation of Pandora by Hesiod in which he confused " pithos ", storage jar, with " pyxis ", box.

According to Hesiod by Tithonus Eos had two sons, Memnon and Emathion.

The consensus is that " the Iliad and the Odyssey date from around the 8th century BC, the Iliad being composed before the Odyssey, perhaps by some decades ," i. e. earlier than Hesiod, the Iliad being the oldest work of Western literature.

Hesiod claimed he was inspired by the Muses to become a poet after they appeared to him on Mount Helicon.

Hesiod ( or ;, Hēsíodos ) was a Greek oral poet generally thought by scholars to have been active between 750 and 650 BC, around the same time as Homer.

Hesiod and the Muse, by Gustave Moreau.

Here he is presented with a lyre, which contradicts the account given by Hesiod himself, in which the gift was a laurel staff.

* a vita of Hesiod by the Byzantine grammarian John Tzetzes ;

The other tradition, first mentioned in an epigram by Chersias of Orchomenus written in the 7th century BC ( within a century or so of Hesiod's death ) claims that Hesiod lies buried at Orchomenus, a town in Boeotia.

Three works attributed to Hesiod by ancient commentators have survived: Works and Days, Theogony and Shield of Heracles.

Many ancient critics also rejected Theogony ( e. g. Pausanias 9. 31. 3 ) but that seems rather perverse since Hesiod mentions himself by name in that poem ( line 22 ).

For example, the first ten verses of the Works and Days may have been borrowed from an Orphic hymn to Zeus ( they were recognised as not the work of Hesiod by critics as ancient as Pausanias ).

Some scholars have detected a proto-historical perspective in Hesiod, a view rejected by Paul Cartledge, for example, on the grounds that Hesiod advocates a not-forgetting without any attempt at verification.

* The lyric poet Bacchylides quoted / paraphrased Hesiod in a victory ode addressed to Hieron of Syracuse, commemorating the tyrant's win in the chariot race at the Pythian Games 470 BC, the attribution made with these words: " A man of Boeotia, Hesiod, minister of the Muses, spoke thus: ' He whom the immortals honour is attended also by the good report of men.

It has been identified by Gisela Richter as an imagined portrait of Hesiod.

This anomaly can be explained by the fact that Hesiod made a conscious effort to compose like an Ionian epic poet at a time when digamma was not heard in Ionian speech, while Homer tried to compose like an older generation of Ionian bards, when it was heard in Ionian speech.

* Hesiod, Works and Days Book 1 Works and Days Book 2 Works and Days Book 3 Translated from the Greek by Mr. Cooke ( London, 1728 ).

* Web texts taken from Hesiod, the Homeric Hymns and Homerica, edited and translated by Hugh G. Evelyn-White, published as Loeb Classical Library # 57, 1914, ISBN 0-674-99063-3:

In another tradition, attested by Hesiod, Hera bore Hephaestus alone.

Hesiod states that the genitals " were carried over the sea a long time, and white foam arose from the immortal flesh ; with it a girl grew.

Hesiod and Stesichorus tell the story according to which after her death Iphigenia was divinised under the name of Hecate, fact which would support the assumption that Artemis Tauropolos had a real ancient alliance with the heroine, who was her priestess in Taurid and her human paragon.

For example, it is quite common for works of moral instruction to have an imaginative setting, as a means of getting the audience's attention, but it is difficult to see how Hesiod could have travelled the countryside entertaining people with a narrative about himself if the account was known to be fictitious.

Plutarch identified this Amphidamas with the hero of the Lelantine War between Chalcis and Eretria and he concluded that the passage must be an interpolation into Hesiod's original work, assuming that the Lelantine War was too late for Hesiod.

Aristotle ( Metaphysics 983b – 987a ) believed that the question of first causes may even have started with Hesiod ( Theogony 116 – 53 ) and Homer ( Iliad 14. 201, 246 ).

Classical authors also attributed to Hesiod a lengthy genealogical poem known as Catalogue of Women or Ehoiai ( because sections began with the Greek words ē hoiē, " Or like the one who ...").

** Perseus Classics Collection: Greek and Roman Materials: Text: Hesiod ( Greek texts and English translations for Works and Days, Theogony, and Shield of Heracles with additional notes and cross links.

Homer and Hesiod suggest that Poseidon became lord of the sea following the defeat of his father Kronos, when the world was divided by lot among his three sons ; Zeus was given the sky, Hades the underworld, and Poseidon the sea, with the Earth and Mount Olympus belonging to all three.

In the Theogony of Hesiod Demeter was united with the hero Iasion in Crete and she bore Ploutos.

Hesiod concedes that occasionally a man finds a good wife, but still ( 609 ) " evil contends with good.

Hesiod closes with this moral ( 105 ): " Thus it is not possible to escape the mind of Zeus.

* Hesiod ; Works and Days, in The Homeric Hymns and Homerica with an English Translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White, Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press ; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1914.

Hesiod was probably influenced by some Near-Eastern traditions, such as the Babylonian Dynasty of Dunnum, which were mixed with local traditions, but they are more likely to be lingering traces from the Mycenaean tradition than the result of oriental contacts in Hesiod's own time.

) Hesiod writes that, despite her beauty, woman is a bane for mankind, attributing women with laziness and a waste of resources.

Instead they have brought to the fore the literary qualities of the History, which they see as belonging to narrative tradition of Homer and Hesiod and as concerned with the concepts of justice and suffering found in Plato and Aristotle and problematized in Aeschylus and Sophocles.

When described as a Nereid in Classical myths, Thetis was the daughter of Nereus and Doris ( Hesiod, Theogony ), and a granddaughter of Tethys with whom she sometimes shares characteristics.

* Hesiod, Theogony, in The Homeric Hymns and Homerica with an English Translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White, Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press ; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1914.

" From her is the race of women and female kind ," Hesiod writes ; " of her is the deadly race and tribe of women who live amongst mortal men to their great trouble, no helpmeets in hateful poverty, but only in wealth.

* Leinieks, V. " Elpis in Hesiod, Works and Days 96 ," Philologus 128 ( 1984 ) 1 – 8.

Plato, in The Republic, numbered Simonides with Bias and Pittacus among the wise and blessed, even putting into the mouth of Socrates the words " it is not easy to disbelieve Simonides, for he is a wise man and divinely inspired ," but in his dialogue Protagoras, Plato numbered Simonides with Homer and Hesiod as precursors of the sophist.

The historian Ephorus, building on a fragment from Hesiod that attests to a tradition of an aboriginal Pelasgian people in Arcadia, developed a theory of the Pelasgians as a people living a " military way of life " ( stratiōtikon bion ) " and that, in converting many peoples to the same mode of life, they imparted their name to all ," meaning " all of Hellas ".