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Himmler and developed
Nominally under the authority of Himmler, the Waffen-SS developed a fully militarised structure of command and operations.
To this end, Himmler took command first of the Gestapo ( itself developed from the Prussian Secret Police ) and later of all the regular and criminal investigation police, assuming the title Chef der Deutschen Polizei ( Chief of the German Police ).

Himmler and SS
His research attracted the attention of the Nazi government and in particular of Heinrich Himmler, who made him archaeologist in the SS.
Numerous future members and leaders of the Nazi Party had served in the Freikorps, including Ernst Röhm, future head of the Sturmabteilung, or SA, Heinrich Himmler, future head of the Schutzstaffel, or SS, and Rudolf Höß, the future Kommandant of the Auschwitz concentration camp.
Beginning on 20 April 1934, it was under the administration of SS national leader, Heinrich Himmler who in 1936 was appointed Chief of German Police ( Chef der Deutschen Polizei ) by Hitler.
Himmler also gained authority over all of Germany's uniformed law enforcement agencies, which were amalgamated into the new Ordnungspolizei ( Orpo: Order Police ), which became an agency of the SS under Kurt Daluege.
However Himmler, who had been appointed Chef der Deutschen Polizei ( Chief of German Police ) by Hitler, controlled the SS, the Gestapo, the Orpo ( uniformed police ) and all investigation units.
The SS became an independent organisation under the command of the Reichsführer SS Heinrich Himmler.
Heinrich Luitpold Himmler ( 7 October 1900 – 23 May 1945 ) was Reichsführer of the Schutzstaffel ( SS ), a military commander, and a leading member of the Nazi Party ( NSDAP ) of Nazi Germany.
In September 1927, Himmler told Hitler of his vision to transform the SS into a loyal, powerful, racially-pure elite unit.
Himmler in early SS uniform, with rank of Oberführer
Upon the resignation of SS commander Erhard Heiden in 1929, Himmler assumed the position of Reichsführer-SS with Hitler's approval ; he still carried out his duties at propaganda headquarters.
Over the next year, Himmler grew the SS from a force of about 290 men to about 3, 000.
By 1930 Himmler had persuaded Hitler to run the SS as a separate organisation, although it was still subordinate to the SA.
The Nazi Party's rise to power provided Himmler and the SS an unfettered opportunity to thrive.
Himmler further established the SS Race and Settlement Main Office ( Rasse-und Siedlungshauptamt or RuSHA ), a racist and antisemitic organisation.
Himmler expected that each SS marriage should produce at least four children, thus creating a pool of genetically superior prospective SS members.
By the end of 1934, Himmler took control of the camps under the aegis of the SS, creating a separate division, the SS-Totenkopfverbände.
Himmler and Heydrich wanted to extend the power of the SS ; thus, they urged Hitler to form a national police force overseen by the SS, to guard Nazi Germany against its many enemies at the time — real and imagined.
Himmler, Ernst Kaltenbrunner, and other SS officials visiting Mauthausen concentration camp in 1941
In addition to his military ambitions, Himmler established the beginnings of a parallel economy under the umbrella of the SS.
This appointment strengthened the collaboration between Himmler and Heydrich, and Himmler was proud to have SS control over a state.

Himmler and into
In this, he ran into conflict with Heinrich Himmler, who was police chief of the second most powerful German state, Bavaria.
Shortly thereafter, Himmler created the Kriminalpolizei ( Kripo: Criminal Police ), merging it with the Gestapo into the Sicherheitspolizei ( SiPo: Security Police ), under Heydrich's command.
The Gestapo ( secret police ) under Heinrich Himmler destroyed the political opposition and persecuted the Jews, trying to force them into exile, while taking their property.
Upon realizing that the war was lost, Himmler attempted to go into hiding.
Shortly thereafter, Himmler created the Kriminalpolizei ( Kripo: criminal police ), merging it with the Gestapo into the Sicherheitspolizei ( SiPo: security police ), under Heydrich's command.
Authorised by Hitler and under the direction of Himmler and Heydrich, the Einsatzgruppen units — now repurposed as death squads — followed the Heer ( army ) into Poland, and by the end of 1939 they had murdered some 65, 000 intellectuals and other civilians.
Himmler declared, " We have faith above all in this our own blood, which has flowed into a foreign nationality through the vicissitudes of German history.
Hitler, who had long believed Himmler was second only to Joseph Goebbels in loyalty — calling Himmler " der treue Heinrich " ( the loyal Heinrich )— flew into a rage about this apparent betrayal.
Unwanted by his former colleagues and hunted by the Allies, Himmler attempted to go into hiding.
Himmler then bit into a hidden cyanide pill and collapsed onto the floor.
Albert Speer notes that though Himmler seemed pedantic and insignificant on the surface, he was a good decision maker, had a talent for selecting highly competent staff, and successfully inserted the SS into every aspect of daily life.
On 26 June, Himmler reorganised the police into two groups: the Ordnungspolizei ( Orpo ), consisting of both the national uniformed police and the municipal police, and the Sicherheitspolizei ( SiPo ), consisting of the Gestapo and Kripo ( Kriminalpolizei-criminal police ).
This second version of the SS, sometimes known as the " Pre-Himmler SS ", existed from 1925 to 1929 ; the more recognizable SS under Heinrich Himmler then came into being.
Early Gestapo activities came into direct conflict with the SS and it was not until the SA became a common enemy that Göring turned over control of the Gestapo to Himmler and Heydrich ( the three then worked together to destroy the greater threat of the SA leadership ).
Speaking with Himmler and Heydrich on 25 October, Hitler said, " Let no one say to me we cannot send them into the swamp.
Hitler considered this treason and his anger poured out into a rage against Himmler.
The Oera Linda Book was translated into German in 1933 and was favored by Heinrich Himmler.
Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler, who himself had only just escaped death too at the failed Bürgerbräukeller assassination attempt along with Chancellor Adolf Hitler, seized the opportunity and ordered in an enraged telephone conversation with his masquerading " Hauptmann Schämmel " to capture the two British SIS agents for interrogation of British involvement into the Bürgerbräukeller assassination attempt.
A power vacuum emerged which the SS filled with its SS and Police Leadership Structure, exercising unlimited power over security and policing which it gave up only grudgingly in the autumn when civil administration came into being ; indeed Himmler would use various tactics until as late as 1943 in unsuccessful efforts to regain this power.
" ( Living History, p. 47 ) He was commissioned into the Intelligence Corps in 1943 and participated in the liberation of several concentration camps as well as identifying a captured German soldier as Heinrich Himmler.
By contrast, the Swiss historian Philippe Burrin argues that such a decision was not made before August 1941 at the earliest, pointing to orders given by Himmler on July 30, 1941 to the 2nd SS Cavalry Regiment and the SS Cavalry Brigade operating in the Pripet Marshes in the Pripyat operation calling for the murder of male Jews only while the Jewish women and children were to be driven into the Marshes.

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