His cognomen Verrucosus means " warty ", a reference to a wart above his upper lip.

He acquired the cognomen Brutus, " Dullard ", by playing the pleasant fool so as not to attract the king's onus.

The full form of a Roman name, used in official records, included the praenomen and nomen, followed by a " filiation ", the name of the voting tribe in which the person was enrolled, and finally the cognomen and agnomen, if any.

Brian's posthumous cognomen " Bóruma " ( anglicised as Boru ) may have referred to " Béal Bóruma ", a fort north of Killaloe ( Co Clare ) in Thomond, where the Dál Cais held sway.

When Lothair died in December 1137, Henry's wealth and position made him a formidable candidate for the German crown, but the same qualities which earned him the cognomen of " the Proud ", aroused the jealousy of the princes and so prevented his election.

Eleanor Winsor Leach claimed, in her Lacanian analysis " Gendering Clodius ", that the frequency and intensity of Cicero's word plays on the cognomen Pulcher (" handsome, lovely ") a certain fascination masquerading under rebuke.

Caecus ' brother, who shared the same praenomen, was distinguished by the cognomen Caudex, literally meaning a " treetrunk ", although metaphorically it was an insult, meaning a " dolt.

Ulpia is Trajan's own gens ( Ulpia ), while the cognomen " Victrix " means " victorious ", and was awarded after the valliant behaviour in the Dacian wars.

Legio XIII acquired the cognomen Gemina (" twin ", a common appellation for legions constituted from portions of others ) after being reinforced with veteran legionaries from other legions following the war against Mark Antony and the Battle of Actium.

This may be less historical fact and more etiological myth, invented to explain the Servilian cognomen " Ahala "/" Axilla ", which means " armpit " and is probably of Etruscan origin.

Balbus, literally " stammerer ", was a cognomen of several ancient Roman gentes.

Gnaeus Pompeius Strabo ( died 87 BC ), whose cognomen means " cross eyed ", is often referred to in English as Pompey Strabo to distinguish him from Strabo, the geographer.

It was here he chose the cognomen of Khastah (" The Spent One ", or " The Tired One ").

Silanus appears to be a lengthened form of Silus, " snub-nosed ", which occurs as a cognomen in the Sergia and Terentia gentes, and is not connected with the Greek name Silanus.

Easterbrook commonly includes a " Running Items Department ", football haiku and senryū, " Cheerbabe Cheesecake " and " Equal-Time Beefcake ", " obscure college-football scores " including his obsession with Indiana of Pennsylvania and California of Pennsylvania, continual references to Christmas creep and the general trend of pushing events earlier and earlier ( which he refers to as the " Unified Field Theory of Creep "), and refers to teams by nicknames or " cognomen ", such as " Potomac Drainage Basin Indigenous Persons " ( Washington Redskins ) and " Arizona CAUTION: MAY CONTAIN FOOTBALL-LIKE SUBSTANCE Cardinals " ( Arizona Cardinals ).

Shin was called " Oshin ", which is Japanese archaic cognomen.

His cognomen, Cursor, means " The Runner ", as he was able to walk over 50 Roman miles a day in full marching order and demanded the same from his soldiers.

Pudens is a Roman cognomen meaning " modest ", borne by a number of individuals, including:

He was given the name Gaius Octavius Thurinus, his cognomen possibly commemorating his father's victory at Thurii over a rebellious band of slaves.

Because of his bellicose nature Albert received the cognomen Alcibiades after his death ; during his lifetime Albert was known as Bellator ( the Warlike ).

Albert's personal qualities won for him the cognomen of the Bear, " not from his looks or qualities, for he was a tall handsome man, but from the cognisance on his shield, an able man, had a quick eye as well as a strong hand, and could pick what way was straightest among crooked things, was the shining figure and the great man of the North in his day, got much in the North and kept it, got Brandenburg for one there, a conspicuous country ever since ," says Carlyle, who called Albert " a restless, much-managing, wide-warring man.

He became a renowned pirate, his cognomen derived from his thick black beard and fearsome appearance ; he was reported to have tied lit fuses under his hat to frighten his enemies.

In order to do so, he dropped the cognomen " Nero " which he had adopted as paterfamilias of the Claudii Nerones when his brother Germanicus was adopted out.

The name derived from Julius Caesar's cognomen " Caesar ": this cognomen was adopted by all Roman emperors, exclusively by the ruling monarch after the Julio-Claudian dynasty had died out.

However, there is debate as to whether the cognomen Barca ( meaning " thunderbolt ") was applied to Hamilcar alone or was hereditary within his family.

The cognomen " Caesar " originated, according to Pliny the Elder, with an ancestor who was born by caesarean section ( from the Latin verb to cut, caedere, caes -).

Tacitus refers to him as " Cilnius Maecenas "; it is possible that " Cilnius " was his mother's nomen-or that Maecenas was in fact a cognomen.

Vitellius was the first to add the honorific cognomen Germanicus to his name instead of Caesar upon his accession ; the latter name had fallen into disrepute in many quarters because of the actions of Nero.

In addition the Dives cognomen of the Crassi Divites means rich or wealthy, and since Marcus Crassus the subject here was renowned for his enormous wealth this has contributed to hasty assumptions that his family belonged to the Divites.

But no ancient source accords him or his father the Dives cognomen, while we are explicitly informed that his great wealth was acquired rather than inherited, and that he was raised in modest circumstances.

Cinna was a cognomen that distinguished a patrician branch of the gens Cornelia, particularly in the late Roman Republic.

Sometimes a second or third cognomen, called agnomen, was added.

Later in the Republic a cognomen was added to distinguish families within a gens, as the importance of the gens grew and the size of voting tribes required this differentiation.

It was therefore necessary to use other names ( cognomen and later, agnomen ) to distinguish between individuals.

Often the cognomen was chosen based on some physical or personality trait, sometimes with ironic results: Julius Caesar's cognomen, in one interpretation, meant hairy ( cf.

His cognomen ( Vespasianus ), on the other hand, was derived from his mother's nomen, Vespasia.

As such, a stork appears next to Pietas on a coin issued by Metellus Pius ( on whose cognomen see above ).

Marcellus was said to have been the first in his family to take on the cognomen of Marcellus ; yet there are genealogical records of his family line tracing the cognomen all the way back to 331 BC.

Gordian, after protesting that he was too old for the position, eventually yielded to the popular clamour and assumed both the purple and the cognomen Africanus on March 22.

After his entry to Rome, Septimius recognized Pertinax as a legitimate emperor, executed the soldiers who killed him, and not only pressured the Senate to deify him and provide for him a state funeral, but also adopted his cognomen of Pertinax as part of his name, and also for some time held games on the anniversary of Pertinax's ascension and his birthday.

* Flaccus, on the cognomen

Unlike the cognomen, which was generally regarded as an unofficial or informal name throughout the Republic, the praenomen was always part of a person's legal name, and so was recited on formal occasions and inscribed in public records.

He was born in the province of Gallia Narbonensis, the southern part of Gaul with its capital at Narbonne, on the river Atax ( now the Aude ), for his cognomen Atacinus indicates his birthplace.

Legio prima Italica ( Latin for " First legion Italica "; the cognomen " Italica " is a reference to the Italian origin of its first recruits ) was a Roman legion levied by emperor Nero on September 22, 66 ( the date is attested by an inscription ).

Their emblem was an elephant, and their cognomen Alaudae came from the high crest on their helmets, typical of the Gauls, which made them look like larks.

The only cognomen found on coins is Saranus, which appears to be the same as Serranus.

Imperiosus was a cognomen belonging to some of the Capitolini and Torquati, bestowed on account of their imperious manner.

Phocion's recognized uprightness bestowed on him the cognomen " The Good ".

After Aelius ' death, Hadrian adopted Antoninus Pius ( September 19, 86 – March 7, 161 ) on the condition that Antoninus Pius adopt the younger Lucius Verus ( properly called Lucius Ceionius Commodus the Younger ; he did not take the cognomen Verus until his accession after the death of Pius ) and Hadrian's great-nephew by marriage, Marcus Aurelius ( April 26, 121 – March 17, 180 ).

In the long study on these matters contained in " ' The Written ' as the Vocation of Conceiving Jewishly " J W ; 2006 the hypothesis is offered and defended that " Rabbi Ishmael ben Elisha " ( more often, simply " Rabbi Ishmael ") is in fact a Rabbinically sanctioned cognomen for Elisha ben Abuyah who, as is well known, apostatized from the Rabbinic Movement.

Moreover, scholars agree that the repeated word “ pulcher ,” meaning “ pretty ,” in Catullus ’ poem 79 is a pun on Clodius ’ s cognomen, Pulcher.

Thus, Butrica argues that the twist in Catullus 79 is the pun on Clodius ’ s cognomen with a synonym for exoletus, and he connects this characterization with fragments of lost Cicero speeches that attribute similar qualities to Clodius Pulcher.

Italica, in the Roman province of Hispania i. e., Spain was once considered the prime candidate, based on his cognomen Italicus, but if that were the case Latin usage would have demanded the form Italicensis, and it is highly improbable that Martial would have failed to name him among the literary celebrities of Spain in the latter half of the 1st century.