The phenomenological tie-in with the sociology of knowledge stems from two key historical sources for Mannheim's analysis: Mannheim was dependent on insights derived from Husserl's phenomenological investigations, especially the theory of meaning as found in Husserl's Logical Investigations of 1900 / 1901 ( Husserl: 2000 ), in the formulation of his central methodological work: " On The Interpretation of Weltanschauung " ( Mannheim: 1993: see fn41 & fn43 )-this essay forms the centerpiece for Mannheim's method of historical understanding and is central to his conception of the sociology of knowledge as a research program ; and The concept of " Weltanschauung " employed by Mannheim has its origins in the hermeneutic philosophy of Wilhelm Dilthey, who relied on Husserl's theory of meaning ( above ) for his methodological specification of the interpretive act ( Mannheim: 1993: see fn38 ).

" The transcendentalists were largely unacquainted with German philosophy in the original, and relied primarily on the writings of Thomas Carlyle, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Victor Cousin, Germaine de Staël, and other English and French commentators for their knowledge of it.

Though Mu ' tazilis later relied on logic and different aspects of early Islamic philosophy, Greek philosophy, and Hellenistic philosophy, the truths of Islam were their starting point and ultimate reference.

While Avicenna ( 980-1037 ) often relied on deductive reasoning in philosophy, he used a different approach in medicine.

Alison's students included " a surprisingly large number of active, well-known patriots ,” including three signers of the Declaration of Independence, who " learned their patriotic principles from Hutcheson and Alison .” Another signer of the Declaration of Independence, John Witherspoon of the College of New Jersey ( now Princeton University ), relied heavily on Hutcheson's views in his own lectures on moral philosophy.

The philosophy of USD's founder and her fellow religious relied on the belief that studying in beautiful surroundings could improve the educational experience of students.

During its early years, WLIG relied heavily on old movies and reruns of classic television shows, and positioned itself as a station offering family-friendly entertainment consistent with the philosophy of its founder, a devout Roman Catholic.

He laid the foundations for the Chemical Revolution with his mechanical corpuscular philosophy, which in turn relied heavily on the alchemical corpuscular theory and experimental method dating back to the alchemist Jābir ibn Hayyān.

63 ) which was corrupted by his passion for logic, and Plato's superstitious philosophy, which relied too heavily on theological principles.

Lum's political philosophy was a fusion of individualist anarchist economics – " a radicalized form of laissez-faire economics " inspired by the Boston anarchists – with radical labor organization similar to that of the Chicago anarchists of the time. Herbert Spencer and Pierre-Joseph Proudhon influenced Lum strongly in his individualist tendency.

While still professor of philosophy at Michigan, Dewey and his junior colleagues, James Hayden Tufts and George Herbert Mead, together with his student James Rowland Angell, all influenced strongly by the recent publication of William James ' Principles of Psychology ( 1890 ), began to reformulate psychology, emphasizing the social environment on the activity of mind and behaviour rather than the physiological psychology of Wundt and his followers.

Japanese styles, when concerning non-physical qualities of the combat, are strongly influenced by Zen philosophy.

Heidegger's work has strongly influenced philosophy, aesthetics of literature, and the humanities.

In short, some philosophers feel strongly that the analytic method ( especially conceptual analysis ) is essential to and defines philosophy — e. g. Jackson ( 1998 ), Chalmers ( 1996 ), and Bealer ( 1998 ).

Soleri's philosophy and works have been strongly influenced by the Jesuit paleontologist and philosopher Pierre Teilhard de Chardin.

" There are two strongly contrasting views of Nature in the play: that of the Lear party ( Lear, Gloucester, Albany, Kent ), exemplifying the philosophy of Bacon and Hooker, and that of the Edmund party ( Edmund, Cornwall, Goneril, Regan ), akin to the views later formulated by Hobbes.

He dissented strongly from the Kantian distinction between matter and form of thought, and urged that philosophy should consider only thought in itself, pure thought, the ground or possibility of being.

Further, A. C. Graham and other critics have subjected the text to a stylistic analysis and identified four strains of thought in the book: a ) the ideas of Zhuangzi or his disciples ; b ) a " primitivist " strain of thinking similar to Laozi ; c ) a strain very strongly represented in chapters 8-11 which is attributed to the philosophy of Yang Chu ; and d ) a fourth strain which may be related to the philosophical school of Huang-Lao.

Malebranche was strongly influenced by Descartes but did not accept his philosophy uncritically.

A lecture of his in the École Normale impressed Cousin so strongly that he at once devoted himself to the study of philosophy.

Cousin strongly insisted on the importance of method in philosophy.

Husserl had reacted strongly to Gottlob Frege's criticism of his first work on the philosophy of arithmetic and was investigating the sense of mathematical and other structures, which Frege had distinguished from empirical reference.

Major Women artists in the Twentieth Century are associated with postmodern art since much theoretical articulation of their work emerged from French psychoanalysis and Feminist Theory that is strongly related to post modern philosophy.

This is strongly opposed to the extremes of either speculative philosophy as was warned against by the Imams of the Salaf, chiefly Imam Al-Shafi ' i and Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal, or of anthropomorphism which was strongly refuted by Sheikh Ibn Taymiyyah in his monumental al ` Aqeedat al ` Wasatiyah who defined the aqeedah or ' creed ' of the Salaf to be the balanced middle path far from the extremities of the various sects prevalent in the Muslim world ..

Such an interpretation of Atiśa's first public appearance, found in Buddhist texts and historical accounts, strongly reinforces a couple of critical components of Buddhist philosophy.

The philosophy of Victor Cousin influenced him strongly, but his strength lay in exposition and criticism rather than in original thought.

His own personal philosophy strongly emphasized a classification of knowledge and science on the basis of methodology.

It was founded in the beginning of the 15th by Tsongkhapa ( 1357-1419 ), who was " strongly scholastic in orientation and encouraged the study of the great Indian masters of philosophy ".

The program is strongly grounded in the philosophy of Servant leadership.

The economic philosophy of Franklin D. Roosevelt, which has strongly influenced American liberalism, has shaped much of the party's agenda since 1932.

Sāmkhya is an enumerationist philosophy that is strongly dualist.

Mīmāṃsā is strongly concerned with textual exegesis, and consequently gave rise to the study of philology and the philosophy of language.

However, it is important to trace the philosophy of the French Revolution to its sources to understand the common democratic origin of individualism and socialism and the influence of the latter on the former.

Here we may observe that at least one modern philosophy of history is built on the assumption that ideas are the primary objectives of the historian's research.

A professor at the University of Constantinople, where his first course of lectures was on Nietzsche and the `` philosophy of action '', Vincent Berger becomes head of the propaganda department of the German Embassy in Turkey.

To those raised on Marcel's Homo Viator and Heidegger's das Nichtige, this may seem a modest role for philosophy.

When dealing with the actual relation of philosophy to the sociology of knowledge, or better the role of philosophy in assisting research on the social sources of ideas, one has to become necessarily selective.

While the `` empirical psychoanalytic '' label which Fromm claims sheds no light on the validity of his underlying philosophy, it does increase the marketability of his product.

Indicating the way in which he has turned his back on his 1910 philosophy, Mr. Reama said: `` A Socialist is a person who believes in dividing everything he does not own ''.

In philosophy, he wrote on aesthetics, ethics, government, metaphysics, politics, economics, psychology, rhetoric and theology.

* Scholarly surveys of focused topics from the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: articles on Aristotle, Aristotle in the Renaissance, Biology, Causality, Commentators on Aristotle, Ethics, Logic, Mathematics, Metaphysics, Natural philosophy, Non-contradiction, Political theory, Psychology, Rhetoric

In philosophy and the humanities, Jacques Derrida, the father of deconstruction, was born in El Biar in Algiers ; Malek Bennabi and Frantz Fanon are noted for their thoughts on decolonization ; Augustine of Hippo was born in Tagaste ( modern-day Souk Ahras ); and Ibn Khaldun, though born in Tunis, wrote the Muqaddima while staying in Algeria.

Kimiya-yi sa ' ādat ( The Alchemy of Happiness ) – a text on Islamic philosophy and spiritual alchemy by Al-Ghazali | Al-Ghazālī ( 1058 – 1111 ).

Swift also recognizes the implications of such a fact in making mercantilist philosophy a paradox: the wealth of a country is based on the poverty of the majority of its citizens.

Greeks started Western philosophy on the western coast of Anatolia ( Pre-Socratic philosophy ).

Although the Indian and Greek concepts of the atom were based purely on philosophy, modern science has retained the name coined by Democritus.

Rothbard bases his philosophy on natural law grounds and also provides economic explanations of why he thinks anarcho-capitalism is preferable on pragmatic grounds as well.

In particular, 150 of his surviving treatises concentrate on philosophy and 40 of them concentrate on medicine.

( Ibn Sina's major work on philosophy.

* Taoism, a philosophy which emphasizes the Three Jewels of the Tao: compassion, moderation, and humility, while Taoist thought generally focuses on nature, the relationship between humanity and the cosmos ; health and longevity ; and wu wei ( action through inaction ).

* The School of " Minor-talks ", which was not a unique school of thought, but a philosophy constructed of all the thoughts which were discussed by and originated from normal people on the street.

The philosophy is founded on the notion that human society originates with the development of agriculture, and societies are based upon " people's natural prospensity to farm.