His reign saw the appearance of the Institutes of Gaius, an elementary legal manual for beginners ( see Gaius ( jurist )).

His reign saw the incorporation of the County of Urgell, Duchy of Athens, and Duchy of Neopatria into the Crown of Aragon.

Also as Salieri aged he moved slowly away from his more liberal political stances as he saw the enlightened reform of Joseph II's reign, and the hoped for reforms of the French revolution, replaced with more radical revolutionary ideas.

With the Hanoverian accession in Britain onwards, monarchs saw their powers pass further to their ministers, and Royal neutrality in politics became cemented from around the start of the reign of Queen Victoria ( though she had her personal favorites ) and enlargements to the franchise.

Co-emperor alongside his brothers, his short reign saw the beginnings of conflict emerge between the sons of Constantine the Great, and his attempt to exert his perceived rights of primogeniture ended up causing his death in a failed invasion of Italy in 340.

Domitian firmly believed in the traditional Roman religion, and personally saw to it that ancient customs and morals were observed throughout his reign.

The reign of Alfonso XIII ( 1886 – 1931 ) saw the Spanish-American War of 1898, culminating in the loss of the Philippines plus Spain's last colonies in the Americas, Cuba and Puerto Rico ; the " Great War " in Europe ( now known as World War I, 1914 – 1918 ), although Spain maintained neutrality throughout the conflict ; the influenza pandemic nicknamed the Spanish Flu ( 1918 – 1919 ); and the Rif War in Morocco ( 1920 – 1926 ).

His reign also saw the rise to dictatorship of General Miguel Primo de Rivera, who seized control of the government by military coup in 1923 and ruled as a dictator – with the monarch's support – for seven years ( 1923 – 1930 ).

His reign saw what has been characterised as a " Davidian Revolution ", by which native institutions and personnel were replaced by English and French ones, underpinning the development of later Medieval Scotland.

Henry I was one of the weakest kings of the Franks, and his reign saw the rise of some very powerful nobles such as William the Conqueror.

His reign also saw the launch of the First Crusade to regain the Holy Land, which heavily involved his family although he personally did not support the expedition.

His reign saw the French royal domain and influence greatly expanded.

However, Louis XIV's long reign saw France involved in many wars that drained its treasury.

His reign saw an expansion of the empire, including the invasion of Britain in 43 AD.

The first year of Jahangir's reign saw a rebellion organized by his eldest son Khusraw with the assistance of the Sikh Guru Arjun Dev and others.

An aesthete, Jahangir decided to start his reign with a grand display of " Justice ", as he saw it.

His reign saw the establishment of the first military orders, the Knights Hospitaller and the Knights Templar ; the earliest surviving written laws of the kingdom, compiled at the Council of Nablus in 1120 ; and the first commercial treaty with Venice, the Pactum Warmundi, in 1124.

France's exile of the highly respected Sultan Mohammed V to Madagascar in 1953 and his replacement by the unpopular Mohammed Ben Aarafa, whose reign was perceived as illegitimate, sparked active opposition to the French protectorate both from nationalists and those who saw the sultan as a religious leader.

Mehmed III's reign saw no major setbacks for the supposedly declining Ottoman Empire.

Many of the Romans saw the beginning of Otto the 2nd ’ s reign as a glimmer of hope that it might be possible for them to recover their ancient rights and even free themselves from foreign rule.

The reign of Peter I's daughter Elizabeth in 1741 – 62 saw Russia's participation in the Seven Years ' War ( 1756 – 63 ).

Thiele saw this as evidence that the northern kingdom was measuring the years by a non-accession system ( first partial year of reign was counted as year one ), whereas the southern kingdom was using the accession method ( it was counted as year zero ).

The reign of Alfonso II from ( 791-842 ) saw further expansion of the northwest kingdom towards the south and, for a short time, it almost reached Lisbon.

His reign saw the massive migration of native Sinhalese people to the south and west of Sri Lanka, and into the mountainous interior, in a bid to escape his power.

His reign saw vital developments in legislation and government — in particular the evolution of the English parliament — as well as the ravages of the Black Death.

He was given the disparaging epithet the Drunkard () by the hostile historians of the succeeding Macedonian dynasty, but modern historical research has rehabilitated his reputation to some extent, demonstrating the vital role his reign played in the resurgence of Byzantine power in the 9th century.

These included a vital late equaliser in a 1 – 1 away draw against Poland in May 1993 and four goals in the 7 – 1 away win against San Marino in Bologna, Italy, in November 1993, the final match of Taylor's reign as manager.

As a conservative power, the United States has a vital interest in upholding and expanding the reign of law in international relations.

As with most of the early Bohemian rulers, Bořivoj is a shadowy figure ; exact dates for his reign and vital statistics cannot be established.

Following the Industrial Revolution, Saddleworth became a centre for cotton spinning and weaving during the 18th and 19th centuries, so much so that by the end of Queen Victoria's reign, mechanized textile production had become a vital part of the local economy.

So much so that by the end of Queen Victoria's reign, mechanized textile production had become a vital part of the local economy.

In spite of having to deal with the Black Death during his reign, Edward was able to make vital developments in legislature and government.

In his account of the reign of John Paul II, author John Cornwell says of the Theology of the Body: " This work, which constitutes, in the view of some keen papal supporters, John Paul's vital legacy to the world, has been perhaps his least influential.

Later developments during his reign had their source in dynastic and familial issues.

His reign was marked by a number of major political developments.

Æthelstan was the first king of a unified England from 927, and his reign was of fundamental importance to political developments in the 10th century.

Omar Khayyám was a notable poet during the reign of the Seljuk ruler Malik-Shah I and his contributions to the developments of Mathematics, Astronomy and Philosophy inspired later generations.

Three major developments occurred during the reign of Edward III ( r. 1327-77 ).

The queen went out of her way to stay informed about political developments at court, and from the very beginning of his reign the new king consulted Louise on matters of state.

The Norwegian kings achieved full authority with developments which reached its peak when the national capital was established at Oslo during the reign of King Haakon V of Norway in 1314.

In the early 18th century it successfully lobbied for Parliament to be called every two years ( as opposed to the start of each new reign ) and shortly thereafter, it declared itself to be in session permanently, mirroring developments in the English Parliament.

As a result of various developments, the food scene of New Zealand in the early 21st century is in a state of flux: cosmopolitan Pacific Rim fares reign is now the norm in much of metropolitan eating out scenes, and traditional hearty settlers food, now dubbed Kwisine Kiwiana, but reinterpreted through Pacific Rim cooking knowledge, is a popular cooking style for eating out scenes even in the most remote rural regions.

In the course of the Polish – Muscovite War, the Polish prince ( later king ) Władysław IV Vasa was briefly elected a Russian Tsar among other such strange developments like enthronement and short reign of False Dmitriy I, an impostor of tsar Ivan's son.