Historian Constance Myers has explained their thinking in this manner:

Historian Neil Davidson notes that “ after 1746 there was an entirely new level of participation by Scots in political life, particularly outside Scotland ”.

Historian Nicholas Rogers, exploring the origins of Halloween, notes that while " some folklorists have detected its origins in the Roman feast of Pomona, the goddess of fruits and seeds, or in the festival of the dead called Parentalia, it is more typically linked to the Celtic festival of Samhain, derived from the Old Irish Samuin meaning " summer's end ".

Historian Barry Adam notes, " Every social movement must choose at some point what to retain and what to reject out of its past.

Historian Henry Reynolds notes of George Augustus Robinson: " His guilt and need for self-justification were clearly apparent in a eulogy he delivered on the death of Manalargenna in December 1836.

Military Historian Jacques Garnier, analysing the battle in Jean Tulard's Dictionnaire Napoléon, notes that only the muddy, sodden ground, hampering an efficient deployment of the French artillery and infantry, prevented a much more emphatic victory.

Historian Mark Dion notes that Fernão related the same story in his writing, only adding that a Muslim in their society was the only acceptable replacement as ruler.

Historian Tom Buchanan notes that in parts of the British public at the time, " Cruelty and violence were thought to be ' old Spanish customs ' — due in equal parts to the legacy of the Inquisition and the bull-ring.

Historian George Bilias notes that had Howe attacked Brooklyn Heights, the capture of even half of Washington's army, and possibly Washington himself, might have had a significant effect on the rebellion.

Historian Stephen Fox notes, " In the 1930s most of the three thousand members were middle-aged Republicans.

Historian Nikki Keddie notes that the movement was significant because “ Iranians saw for the first time that it was possible to win out against the Shah and foreign interests … there is a direct line from the coalition which participated in the tobacco movement … culminating in the Constitutional Revolution ” and arguably the 1979 Iranian Revolution as well.

Historian Alexandra Walsham notes that the modern understanding of the word " toleration " may be very different from its historic meaning.

Historian David Rock notes that, beyond putting an end to caudillismo, Sarmiento's main achievements in government concerned his promotion of education.

" Historian Hubert F. van der Berg also notes that the socialist ideal of " a new life ", implicitly adopted by Janco, was a natural peacetime development of Dada's discourse about " the new man ".

Historian Jerah Johnson notes: “ Because most African slaves brought to Louisiana were males, great numbers married Indian women, whom the French colonials had early enslaved as food growers, cooks, bedfellows, and translators.

" Historian Michael Foss also notes this contrast " For more than three hundered and fifty years, from the time when the Caliph Omar made a treaty with the Patriarch Sophronius until 1009, when mad al-Hakim began attacks on Christians and Jews, the city of Jerusalem and the Holy Land were open to the West, with an easy welcome and the way there was no more dangerous than a journey from Paris to Rome .... Soon al-Hakim the panic was over.

Historian Erich Haberer notes that many survived and made sense of the " totalitarian atomization " of society by seeking conformity with Communism.

Historian David Kahn notes, " Kasiski died on May 22, 1881, almost certainly without realizing that he had wrought a revolution in cryptology " ( The Codebreakers ).

Historian George Herring notes the " remarkable and fortuitous economic and diplomatic gains " produced by the Jay Treaty.

Historian Benson Bobrick is critical of this and notes the vagueness of the details in the citation.

Historian Gerald Sorin notes:

Historian Theodore Draper notes that Browder " was influenced by an offshoot of the syndicalist movement which believed in working in the AF of L ( American Federation of Labor ).

Historian Carlo D ' Este notes that members of Eisenhower's staff denied that there was ever an affair between them, and dismisses Summersby's book as " fanciful ".< ref >

Historian Linda Cordell notes that ... the late pithouses are often clues to relatively short-term changes in settlement location and adjustment to climatic fluctuations.

Historian Jacek Jędruch notes that out of the 53 disrupted sejms, 32 were disrupted due to liberum veto.

" Historian Donald described the speech as a " superb political move for an unannounced candidate, to appear in one rival's ( William H. Seward ) own state at an event sponsored by the second rival's ( Salmon P. Chase ) loyalists, while not mentioning either by name during its delivery.

Historian and biographer Edmund King, whilst painting a slightly more positive picture than Davis, also concludes that Stephen, while a stoic, pious and genial leader, was also rarely, if ever, his own man, usually relying upon stronger characters such as his brother or wife.

The Spring and Autumn Annals states that Sun Tzu was born in Qi, while the later Records of the Grand Historian ( Shiji ) states that Sun Tzu was a native of Wu.

Historian Marek Cetwiński estimates the allied force to have been 2, 000 strong, while Gerard Labuda estimates 7, 000-8, 000 soldiers in the Christian army.

Historian of science Daniel Kevles recounts the affair in his 1998 book, The Baltimore Case, while Yale University mathematician Serge Lang strongly criticized Baltimore's behavior.

Historian Harold Schultz describes the Aberharts as " prosperous ", while biographers David Elliott and Iris Miller says they " lived better than the average family ".

Historian Michael Glover writes that the first day's attack was a failure because of Carnot's interference, while the second day's success resulted from Jourdan using his own tactical judgment.

Historian John Haldon estimates the army at 25, 000 men, while John Birkenmeier puts it at 35, 000 men.

Historian John Paul Hill considers this unlikely, however, because two of Chandler's strongest allies, Connie Mack and Walter Briggs, Sr., were ardently opposed to integration while William DeWitt, the second owner in the American League to integrate, voted against him.

Historian James M. Hargett states that by the time of the Song Dynasty, gazetteers became far more geared towards serving the current political, administrative, and military concerns than in gazetteers of previous eras, while there were many more gazetteers compiled on the local and national levels than in previous eras.

" Historian Steven E. Woodworth wrote, " Beneath the ponderous dome of his high forehead, the General would gaze goggle-eyed at those who spoke to him, reflecting long before answering and simultaneously rubbing both elbows all the while, leading one observer to quip that the great intelligence he was reputed to possess must be located in his elbows.

Historian Henry Brooks Adams explains that the anti-slavery North took a consistent and principled stand on states ' rights against Federal encroachment throughout its history, while the Southern states, whenever they saw an opportunity to expand slavery and the reach of the slave power, often conveniently forgot the principle of states ' rights — and fought in favor of Federal centralization:

His Records of the Grand Historian begins with the Yellow Emperor, while passing over the others.

Historian Paul Walker writes: “ Ultimately, both views of him, the mad and despotic tyrant irrationally given to killing those around him on a whim, and the ideal supreme ruler, divinely ordained and chosen, whose every action was just and righteous, were to persist, the one among his enemies and those who rebelled against him, and the other in the hearts of true believers, who, while perhaps perplexed by events, nonetheless remained avidly loyal to him to the end.

Historian Michael Bonner points out that the term is also used due to the dramatic difference between al-Hakim and his predecessors and his successors while also pointing out such persecution is an extreme rarity in Islam during this era " In his capital of Cairo, this unbalanced ( and, in the view of most, mad ) caliph raged against the Christians in particular ... On the whole such episodes remained exceptional, like the episodes of forced conversion to Islam.

Historian J. K. Hyde writes that the idea of Florence being the daughter of Rome would have given the Florentines a sense of destiny, while the second founding by Charlemagne provided historical context for alliance with France, which Hyde calls " the touchstone of Guelphism ".

The exact length of his reign is not known ; the Turin canon suggests an improbable 95 years while the ancient Greek Historian Manetho reports that the reign of " Boëthôs " lasted for 38 years.

Historian Peter Allen states that while the ariborne forces took heavy casualties, Varsity diverted German attention from the Rhine crossing onto themselves.

The exercises of civil defense are seen by Historian Guy Oakes as having less practical use than psychological use: to keep the danger of nuclear war high on the public mind, while also attempting to assure the American people that something could be done to defend against nuclear attack.

" Historian Peter Sanderson observed that while " Barbara Gordon initially conformed to hackneyed stereotypes as a dowdy librarian ... her transformation into Batgirl could be seen in retrospect as a symbol of the emerging female empowerment movement of the 1960s.

Historian David Blight writes that current neo-Confederates are “ driven largely by the desire of current white supremacists to re-legitimize the Confederacy, while they tacitly reject the victories of the modern civil rights movement.

Historian John Day notes that records show most Trained Band casualties were hit in the head, while a survivor boasted that the artillery " did us no harm, only the shot broke our pikes "; evidently, in the heat of battle, the Royalist artillery were firing too high.

The Book of History refers to an area called Liangzhou (), while Sima Qian's book Records of the Grand Historian speaks of a " Bao Kingdom " (), both of which are believed to refer to the area now called Hanzhong.