Historian, Edward Gibbon theorized that Pope Honorius I reconciled the Patriarch to Rome in 638, although this did not last.

" Historian Michael Foss also notes this contrast " For more than three hundered and fifty years, from the time when the Caliph Omar made a treaty with the Patriarch Sophronius until 1009, when mad al-Hakim began attacks on Christians and Jews, the city of Jerusalem and the Holy Land were open to the West, with an easy welcome and the way there was no more dangerous than a journey from Paris to Rome .... Soon al-Hakim the panic was over.

Historian J. K. Hyde writes that the idea of Florence being the daughter of Rome would have given the Florentines a sense of destiny, while the second founding by Charlemagne provided historical context for alliance with France, which Hyde calls " the touchstone of Guelphism ".

Historian Walter Laqueur found the term ' clerical fascism ' mentioned earlier, even before Mussolini's March on Rome ( October 1922 ), referring to " a group of Catholic believers in Northern Italy who advocated a synthesis of Catholicism and fascism ".

Historian Leopold von Ranke gives an account of a 1639 visit to Rome by Odoardo Farnese, Duke of Parma and Piacenza.

Historian Erich Haberer notes that many survived and made sense of the " totalitarian atomization " of society by seeking conformity with Communism.

Historian Stanley Jones, in his study of the 1896 election, suggests that western Democrats would have opposed Cleveland even if the party had held its congressional majority in 1894 ; with the disastrous defeat, they believed the party would be wiped out in the West if it did not support silver.

Historian and biographer Stephen W. Sears has called McClellan's actions " essentially sound " if he had been as outnumbered as he believed, but McClellan in fact rarely had less than a two-to-one advantage over his opponents in 1861 and 1862.

Historian Emma Wilby identified recurring motifs in various European folk tales and fairy tales that she believed displayed a belief in familiar spirits.

Historian Perry Biddiscombe believed the decision to keep hundreds of thousands of men in poor conditions of the Rheinwiesenlager camps was " mainly to prevent Werwolf activity " in post-war Germany.

Historian James Chapman highlights this as a reason that, in an age before home video, many people believed the Dalek serial to be the first Doctor Who story because the novelizations published by Target were the " closest that fans had to the original programmes ".

Historian James P. Duffy believed that Germany had no central authority over the development and construction of advanced weaponry.

Historian Ronald Hutton however believed that it was more accurate to state that the cunning craft, rather than dying out, " changed character " by being absorbed into other magical currents.

Historian Theodore Draper notes that Browder " was influenced by an offshoot of the syndicalist movement which believed in working in the AF of L ( American Federation of Labor ).

Historian and author Philip Orbanes wrote in 2004 that it is believed that the character is based on either the calling cards of Albert Edward Richardson ( Parker Brothers ' first traveling salesman ), the character of " Little Esky " from Esquire magazine, or a combination of the two.

The Book of History refers to an area called Liangzhou (), while Sima Qian's book Records of the Grand Historian speaks of a " Bao Kingdom " (), both of which are believed to refer to the area now called Hanzhong.

" Historian David Frith writes that Verity was " probably the cricketer admired above all others ", while Bob Wyatt believed the two men were very similar in outlook, temperament and desire to succeed.

According to the Records of the Grand Historian, Xu Fu claimed that there were three divine mountains in the sea and went to one of the mountain-islands, which were later believed to be Japan.

Historian Ezra J. Warner believed that in doing so Cooper was " thereby making a priceless contribution to the history of the period.

Historian Chen Gongzhe, who was also one of Huo's students, believed that the cause of his master's death was hemoptysis disease.

Historian Barbara Tucker credits Root as " the first to build special purpose machinery and apply it to the manufacture of a commercial product ".

Historian John Fiske suggests that Philip's purpose was not to draw the Iroquois into the conflict, but instead to draw the Mahicans into the conflict with a view toward attacking Albany.

Historian Fred Anderson wrote that the purpose of the Act was “ to resolve the problems of finance and control that plagued the postwar empire .” To do this “ three kinds of measures ” were implemented -- “ those intended to make customs enforcement more effective, those that placed new duties on items widely consumed in America, and those that adjusted old rates in such a way as to maximize revenues .”

According to the U. S. Department of State Office of the Historian, " In all its parts, the most basic purpose of the 1924 Immigration Act was to preserve the ideal of American homogeneity.

Historian Edward S. Ellis called this type of parliament a " toy parliament ", in reference to Ottoman Sultan Abdul Hamid II's Turkish parliament, created in 1876 with the sole purpose of appeasing European powers.

Historian Kenneth Scott Latourette wrote that " Hudson Taylor was, ... one of the greatest missionaries of all time, and ... one of the four or five most influential foreigners who came to China in the nineteenth century for any purpose ...".

Historian Mark C. Smith, for instance, has investigated earlier debates over the purpose of social science in his book, Social Science in the Crucible: The American Debate over Objectivity and Purpose, 1918-1941 ( Duke University Press, 1994 ).

" Historian Ron Chernow says of this " he wasn't calling for peaceful protests or civil disobedience: he was calling for outright rebellion, if needed, against the federal government of which he was vice president.

Historian Garry Wills argued " Their nullification effort, if others had picked it up, would have been a greater threat to freedom than the misguided and sedition laws, which were soon rendered feckless by ridicule and electoral pressure " The theoretical damage of the Kentucky and Virginia resolutions was " deep and lasting, and was a recipe for disunion ".

Historian Joseph Allen recounts that on one occasion Nelson, whose eyesight was still suffering following his wound, offered toothpicks to an officer who had lost his teeth and then passed a snuff-box to an officer whose nose had been torn off, causing much embarrassment.

The thesis that the Third Reich went to war on the basis of " blitzkrieg economics " was criticized by Richard Overy in the 1980s and Historian George Raudzens highlighted the many, somewhat conflicting, senses in which historians have used the word.

Historian Paul K. Davis wrote, " Having defeated Eudes, he turned to the Rhine to strengthen his northeastern borders-but in 725 was diverted south with the activity of the Muslims in Acquitane.

Historian and journalist Robert Peel, who was a Christian Scientist, chronicles examples of these accounts, quoting from the affidavits.

The first systematic Chinese historical text, Shiji or Records of the Grand Historian, was written by Sima Qian.

Historian Kris Inwood places the date very early, at least in Nova Scotia, finding clear signs that the Maritimes " Golden Age " of the mid-nineteenth century was over by 1870, before Confederation or the National Policy could have had any significant impact.

) Assistant Church Historian, Andrew Jenson, also reported that the alphabet was produced by a committee composed of Orson Pratt, Parley P. Pratt, Wilford Woodruff, George D. Watt, Robert L. Campbell, and others.

Third, Laozi was the Grand Historian and astrologer Lao Dan ( " Old Long-ears "), who lived during the reign ( 384-362 BC ) of Duke Xian ( 獻公 ) of Qin ).

Historian Isabelle Dervaux has described the reception this painting received when it was first exhibited at the official Paris Salon of 1874: " Visitors and critics found its subject baffling, its composition incoherent, and its execution sketchy.

Historian Mark Stoyle suggests that she was probably taught Cornish by William Killigrew, Groom of the Privy Chamber and later Chamberlain of the Exchequer.

Historian Brian Loring Villa concluded that Mountbatten conducted the raid without authority, but that his intention to do so was known to several of his superiors, who took no action to stop him.

Historian Gordon Wood concludes that the greatest act in his life was his resignation as commander of the armies — an act that stunned aristocratic Europe.

Historian Wolfgang Sauer says that " although he was pedantic, dogmatic, and dull, Himmler emerged under Hitler as second in actual power.

Historian Neil Davidson notes that “ after 1746 there was an entirely new level of participation by Scots in political life, particularly outside Scotland ”.

Historian Strabo writes that the Seleucids later gave the area south of the Hindu Kush to the Mauryas after a treaty was made.

Historian Benjamin Platt Thomas wrote that Booth " won celebrity with theater-goers by his romantic personal attraction ", but that he was " too impatient for hard study " and his " brilliant talents had failed of full development.

Historian Wilhelm Levison, writing in 1946, was sceptical about the authenticity of this charter.

" Historian Ron Chernow says of this " he wasn't calling for peaceful protests or civil disobedience: he was calling for outright rebellion, if needed, against the federal government of which he was vice president.

Historian Garry Wills argued " Their nullification effort, if others had picked it up, would have been a greater threat to freedom than the misguided and sedition laws, which were soon rendered feckless by ridicule and electoral pressure " The theoretical damage of the Kentucky and Virginia resolutions was " deep and lasting, and was a recipe for disunion ".