Historically, astronomy was more concerned with the classification and description of phenomena in the sky, while astrophysics attempted to explain these phenomena and the differences between them using physical laws.

Historically, the concept of entropy evolved in order to explain why some processes ( permitted by conservation laws ) occur spontaneously while their time reversals ( also permitted by conservation laws ) do not ; systems tend to progress in the direction of increasing entropy.

Historically the fiqh also came to include comparative law, local customs ( urf ) and laws motivated by public interest, so long as they were allowed by the above four sources.

Historically, many Canadian private sector business scandals had come to light only through the intervention of the US SEC or other regulators ( Garth Drabinsky, Conrad Black, Steven Bingham being three notable examples ), due in part to the lack of whistleblower protections, plaintiff-friendly libel laws and a lack of investigative journalism due to these.

Historically, Fermat's principle has served as a guiding principle in the formulation of physical laws with the use of variational calculus ( see Principle of least action ).

Historically some societies have enacted specific laws governing adoption where others have tried to achieve adoption through less formal means, notably via contracts that specified inheritance rights and parental responsibilities.

Historically and internationally, support for affirmative action has sought to achieve a range of goals: bridging inequalities in employment and pay ; increasing access to education ; enriching state, institutional, and professional leadership with the full spectrum of society ; redressing apparent past wrongs, harms, or hindrances, in particular addressing the apparent social imbalance left in the wake of slavery and slave laws.

Historically the term has been used in the context of laws banning interracial marriage and sex, so-called anti-miscegenation laws.

Historically, both in ancient Rome and in the southern states of America, many masters and their families were kind to their slaves and in late Rome and southern America, laws were in force prohibiting maltreatment of slaves.

Historically, Leonardo da Vinci ( 1452 – 1519 ) was the first to enunciate two laws of friction.

Historically, the dispute on the meaning of terrorism arose since the laws of war were first codified in 1899.

Historically, BuSab was created when government had become terrifyingly efficient, with laws conceived, mandated, and funded within hours, thus subjecting sapients to an overpowering bureaucratic juggernaut.

Historically the area within the Antelope Valley where African-Americans were redlined into buying real estate until the passage of fair housing and nondiscrimination laws in the mid 1960s, the area is now considered part of Littlerock, or separate from Littlerock, depending on which local resident one asks ( according to Summer 2005 reportage in the Antelope Valley Press ).

Historically, this translated into keeping power in the hands of powerful state governments, as in the cases of civil rights, abortion laws, regulations on marriage, and mapping of voting districts.

Historically, many indigenous Australians were dispossessed without treaty nor compensation, and certain laws discriminated against them.

Historically, many jurisdictions attempted to apply the traditional, but now arguably outdated, lex rei sitae test to securities held with intermediaries, by " looking through " the tiers of intermediaries to the laws of one or more of: the jurisdiction of incorporation of the issuer, the location of the issuer's register, or the location of the actual security certificate ( the so-called " look-through approach ").

Historically, DACOWITS ' recommendations have been instrumental in effecting changes to laws and policies pertaining to military women.

Historically Davie County has had less liberal laws with regard to alcohol sales than Iredell County.

Historically, Emys orbicularis had been maintained as pets ; however, this practice has been prohibited due to protection laws.

Historically, the concept of there being a known set of the laws of attraction evolved from the laws of affinity, which numbered up to ten depending upon which chemist was sourced.

Historically almost all early computers were accumulator machines ; and many microcontrollers still popular as of 2010 ( such as the 68HC12, the PICmicro, the 8051 and several others ) are basically accumulator machines.

Historically the term latten was used for such alloys.

Historically, the remedy for such violations have been petitions for common law writs, such as quo warranto.

Historically, some women have cross-dressed to take up male-dominated or male-exclusive professions, such as military service.

Historically, the international community would have targeted weak states for territorial absorption or colonial domination or, alternatively, such states would fragment into pieces small enough to be effectively administered and secured by a local power.

Historically, some encyclopedias were contained in one volume, but some, such as the Encyclopædia Britannica or the world ´ s largest Enciclopedia universal ilustrada europeo-americana, became huge multi-volume works.

Historically, distances were often measured by chains such as Gunter's chain, and angles using graduated circles and, later, the theodolite.

Historically, electronics labs have consisted of electronics devices and equipment located in a physical space, although in more recent years the trend has been towards electronics lab simulation software, such as CircuitLogix, Multisim, and PSpice.

Historically, the hadrons ( mesons and baryons such as the proton and neutron ) and even whole atoms were once regarded as elementary particles ( indeed, the word " atom " means " indivisible ").

Historically, several number bases have been used for representing floating-point numbers, with base 2 ( binary ) being the most common, followed by base 10 ( decimal ), and other less common varieties, such as base 16 ( hexadecimal notation ), as well as some exotic ones like 3 ( see Setun ).

Historically, this area of Lochaber was strongly Clan Cameron country, and there were a number of mainly Cameron settlements in the area ( such as Blarmacfoldach ).

Historically, special-purpose narrow gauge railways, such as that in the village of Qoornoq in the Nuuk fjord, have operated.

Historically the first decade of semiconductor electronics were entirely based on germanium, although its production for such use today is a small fraction ( 2 %) of that of ultra-high purity silicon, which has largely replaced it.

Historically, some theocratic Islamic states known as imamates have been led by imams as head of state, such as in what is now Oman, Yemen, and Saudi Arabia.

Historically Apex was the place where most Inuit lived when Iqaluit was a military site, and as such it was off − limits to anyone not working at the base.

Historically, dog meat has been consumed in various part of the world, such as Hawaii, Japan, Switzerland and Mexico.

Historically, manganese is named for various black minerals ( such as pyrolusite ) from the same region of Magnesia in Greece which gave names to similar-sounding magnesium, Mg, and magnetite, an ore of the element iron, Fe.

Historically, model organisms include a handful of species with extensive genomic research data, such as the NIH model organisms.

Historically this has led to its use for plating metals such as iron and brass, to its use for chemical apparatus, and its use in certain alloys that will retain a high silvery polish, such as German silver.

Historically, such algorithms were developed within the overlapping field of operations research.

Historically, both peaceful and violent competition and integration between Oromos and other neighboring ethnicities such as the Amhara, Sidama and the Somali had an impact on politics within the Oromo community.

Historically, common law courts relied little on legal scholarship ; thus, at the turn of the twentieth century, it was very rare to see an academic writer quoted in a legal decision ( except perhaps for the academic writings of prominent judges such as Coke and Blackstone ).

Historically, photolithography has used ultraviolet light from gas-discharge lamps using mercury, sometimes in combination with noble gases such as xenon.