Historically, utilitarian thinking about law is associated with the great philosopher, Jeremy Bentham.

Historically: religious, cultural, environmental, sociopolitical and socioeconomic conditions created widespread utilitarian need and have provided artistic inspiration among the many tribal peoples and ethnic groups in Central Asia and Turkey.

Historically, computer programs were not effectively protected by copyrights because computer programs were not viewed as a fixed, tangible object: object code was viewed as a utilitarian good produced from source code rather than as a creative work.

Historically, where comparative psychology researches animal behaviour in the context of what is known about human psychology, ethology researches animal behaviour in the context of what is known about animal anatomy, physiology, neurobiology, and phylogenetic history.

Historically, there has been a lack of information and reliable statistics about Afghanistan's economy.

Historically, hedge funds have been exempted from certain registration and reporting requirements that apply to other investment companies, because in most jurisdictions regulation permits investments in hedge funds by only " qualified " investors who are able to make an informed decision about investment decisions without relying on regulatory oversight.

Historically, many of the cities now thought the most beautiful are the result of dense, long lasting systems of prohibitions and guidance about building sizes, uses and features.

Historically, fingerprints have been used as the most authoritative method of authentication, but recent court cases in the US and elsewhere have raised fundamental doubts about fingerprint reliability.

Historically this has occurred about once every hundred years.

Historically, there was debate about the origin of the supermarket, with King Kullen and Ralph's of California having strong claims.

Historically, systematic works on phylum-level taxa since Linnaeus have largely been about splitting up Vermes and sorting the animals into natural systematic units.

Historically, coeliac disease was thought to be rare, with a prevalence of about 0. 02 %.

Historically, Christianity has taught supersessionism ( replacement theology ), which implies or outright states that Christianity has superseded Judaism, that the Mosaic Covenant of the Hebrew Bible has been superseded by the New Covenant of Jesus, wherein salvation is brought about by the grace of God, and not by obedience to the Torah.

Historically, about 50 Philippine Eagles have been kept in zoos in Europe ( England, Germany, Belgium, Italy and France ), United States and Japan.

Historically, the league has averaged about 10, 000 fans per game.

Historically the Wilton vicinity has been a locale of considerable haying and pasture usage ; the depth to groundwater is typically about 150 to 175 feet ( 46 to 53 meters ).

Historically, because large groups of people have been able to bring about dramatic and sudden social change in a manner that bypasses established due process, they have also provoked controversy.

Historically, this band was used for transcontinental radio communication during the wireless telegraphy era between about 1900 and 1925.

It was Buñuel's intention to shock and insult the intellectual bourgeoisie of his youth, later saying: " Historically the film represents a violent reaction against what in those days was called ‘ avant-garde ,’ which was aimed exclusively at artistic sensibility and the audience ’ s reason .” Against his hopes and expectations, the film was a huge success amongst the French bourgeoisie, leading Buñuel to exclaim in exasperation, " What can I do about the people who adore all that is new, even when it goes against their deepest convictions, or about the insincere, corrupt press, and the inane herd that saw beauty or poetry in something which was basically no more than a desperate impassioned call for murder?

Historically, the description of a bacterium lacking a cell wall was sufficient to classify it to the genus Mycoplasma and as such it is the oldest and largest genus of the class with about half of the class ' species ( 107 validly described ), each usually limited to a specific host and with many hosts harboring more than one species, some pathogenic and some commensal.

Historically, the name Somers Town was used of the larger triangular area between the Pancras, Hampstead, and Euston Roads, but it is now taken to mean the rough rectangle bounded by Pancras Road, Euston Road, Eversholt Street, Crowndale Road, and the railway approaches to St Pancras Station ; that is to say, the area about 200 metres east and west of Chalton Street.

Historically, due to its northern location, the peninsula's population had been sparse: in 1913, for example, only about 13, 000 – 15, 000 people lived there ; mostly along the shores.

Historically, science and scientific theories have advanced as more detailed observations and results about the world have been made.

Historically a part of Lancashire, it is situated about midway ( about 15 miles from each ) between the cities of Manchester and Liverpool, to the east of St Helens, to the north of Warrington and to the south of Wigan.

Historically, the remedy for such violations have been petitions for common law writs, such as quo warranto.

Historically notable among the Louisiana code's differences from common law is the role of property rights among women, particularly in inheritance gained by widows.

Historically, priestly celibacy became law for all only through coercion and enslavement of clerical wives and children.

Historically in the diaspora, Halakha served many Jewish communities as an enforceable avenue of civil and religious law.

Historically, special courts enforced Jewish law ; today, these courts still exist but the practice of Judaism is mostly voluntary.

Historically, common law courts relied little on legal scholarship ; thus, at the turn of the twentieth century, it was very rare to see an academic writer quoted in a legal decision ( except perhaps for the academic writings of prominent judges such as Coke and Blackstone ).

Historically the fiqh also came to include comparative law, local customs ( urf ) and laws motivated by public interest, so long as they were allowed by the above four sources.

Historically, the people's awareness and acceptance of ethical norms was shaped far more by the pervasive influence of custom and usage of property and by inculcating moral precepts than by any formally enacted system of law.

Historically, grand juries were sometimes used in American law to serve a purpose similar to an investigatory commission.

Historically and until the present, recognition of a rabbi relates to a community's perception of the rabbi's competence to interpret Jewish law and act as a teacher on central matters within Judaism.

Historically, a dhimmi was a person who is protected under Islamic law by a pact contracted between non-Muslims and authorities from their Muslim government: this status was first made available to non-Muslims who were People of the Book ( e. g. Jews and Christians ), but was later extended to include Sikhs, Zoroastrians, Mandeans, Hindus and Buddhists.

Historically, a woman in England would assume her new husband's family name ( or surname ) after marriage, and this remains common practice in the United Kingdom today as well as in common law countries and countries where English is spoken, including Australia, New Zealand, Pakistan, Gibraltar, Falkland Islands, Ireland, India, Philippines, the English-speaking provinces of Canada, and the United States.

Historically, solicitors existed in America, though the term referred to a lawyer who argued cases in a court of equity, as opposed to an attorney who appeared only in courts of law.

Historically, English patent law was based on custom and the common law, not on statute.

Historically, Constables had been the key office for providing law enforcement in rural Connecticut.

Historically, the term referred to a Jew who transgressed the halakhah ( Jewish law ) and completed a process of introspection to " return " to the straight path.

Historically, the simplicity principle is an information-theoretical translation of the Gestalt law of Prägnanz, which was based on the natural tendency of physical systems to settle into stable minimum-energy states.

Historically, in Canada, Bachelor of Laws was the name of the first degree in common law, but is also the name of the first degree in Quebec civil law awarded by a number of Quebec universities.

Historically, law students studied both canon law and civil law.