However, for optimal ligation efficiency with cohesive-ended fragments (" sticky ends "), the optimal enzyme temperature needs to be balanced with the melting temperature T < sub > m </ sub > ( also the annealing temperature ) of the sticky ends being ligated.

However, in 1926, James B. Sumner showed that the enzyme urease was a pure protein and crystallized it ; Sumner did likewise for the enzyme catalase in 1937.

However, the Joint Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature ( JCBN ) dictates that ' synthase ' can be used with any enzyme that catalyses synthesis ( whether or not it uses nucleoside triphosphates ), whereas ' synthetase ' is to be used synonymously.

However, Drexler addresses this in Nanosystems by showing mathematically that well designed catalysts can provide the effects of a solvent and can fundamentally be made even more efficient than a solvent / enzyme reaction could ever be.

However the last enzyme is absent in humans, explaining the disease known as gout, caused by the accumulation of uric acid.

However, the enzyme discovered by Ochoa ( polynucleotide phosphorylase ) was later shown to be responsible for RNA degradation, not RNA synthesis.

However, in 1970 when the scientists Howard Temin and David Baltimore both independently discovered the enzyme responsible for reverse transcription, named reverse transcriptase, the possibility that genetic information could be passed on in this manner was finally accepted.

Scurvy does not occur in most animals because they can synthesize their own vitamin C. However, humans and other higher primates ( the simians and tarsiers ), guinea pigs, most or all bats, and some species of birds and fish lack an enzyme ( L-gulonolactone oxidase ) necessary for such synthesis and must obtain vitamin C through their diet.

However, the main theoretical reason is that whereas the other polymers listed here are primarily generated in a ' template-dependent ' manner by one processive enzyme, each individual join in a polysaccharide may be formed by a different enzyme.

However, C. botulinum tolerates traces of oxygen due to the enzyme superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) which is an important antioxidant defense in nearly all cells exposed to oxygen.

However Imatinib, as an inhibitor to the malfunctioning enzyme, can be effective.

However, in previous studies the HEXA enzyme itself has been thought to be too large to pass through the specialized cell layer in the blood vessels that forms the blood – brain barrier in humans.

However, many of the neurobehavioral symptoms postulated to be due to toxoplasmosis correlate to the general function of dopamine in the human brain, and the fact that toxoplasma encodes the dopamine-synthesizing enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase makes it likely the neurobehavioral symptoms can result from infection.

However, the signal has to be associated with the presence of antibody or antigen, which is why the enzyme has to be linked to an appropriate antibody.

However, the sodium does not necessarily act as a regulatory subunit ; the sodium is always present and there are no known biological processes to add / remove sodium to regulate enzyme activity.

However, editing by cellular enzyme adenosine deaminase-1 changes the stop codon to UCG, allowing the large-HDAg to be produced

However, when enzyme concentrations are higher, these complex kinetics do not manifest.

CCP in the resting state has a ferric heme, and, after the addition of two oxidizing equivalents from a hydroperoxide, it becomes an enzyme of formal oxidation state V. However, both low-temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements and Mössbauer spectroscopy show that the iron in CCP-compound I is a + 4 ferryl iron, and not in oxidation state V. The other salient feature of CCP-compound I is a long-lived free-radical, whose signal suggests a species other than the porphyrin free-radicals of other peroxidase compound I species.

" However, as noted earlier, phenethylamine is rapidly metabolized by the enzyme MAOB, preventing significant concentrations from reaching the brain, thus contributing no perceptible psychoactive effect without the use of a MAOI.

However, in his paper he was wary of identifying the enzyme with the active ion movement, so he left out the term “ sodium-potassium pump ” from the title of his paper.

However, local strand separation occurs by a process wherein the helicase enzyme is loaded at any place along the duplex.

However, three distinct aminoacyl tRNA synthetase enzyme transcripts and four unknown mRNA molecules specific to mimivirus were also found.

However, it must be stressed that much depends upon the financial condition of the individual cities and towns involved.

However, this tenfold increase in population over the course of a few generations could not be achieved by increased birthrate alone ; likely it also involved migrations of peoples from surrounding areas.

However, in general, the books only feature mental battles when there is some reason for mind-to-mind contact ( for example, Trump contact ) and magic or Trump is involved in all three of the above conflicts, so it is not clear whether Zelazny intended his characters to have such a power ; the combination of Brand's " living trump " powers and his high Psyche ( as presented in the roleplaying game ) would have guaranteed him victory over Corwin.

However, the Almoravid religious influence was gradual and not heavily involved in military strife, as Almoravids increased in power by marrying among the nation's nobility.

However, legislating for alterations to the Act is a complex process, since the act is a common denominator in the shared succession of all the Commonwealth realms and the Statute of Westminster 1931 acknowledges by established convention that any changes to the rules of succession may be made only with the agreement of all of the states involved, with concurrent amendments to be made by each state's parliament or parliaments.

However, in 1908 with the Scottish and Irish unions refusing to be involved, the Anglo-Welsh side only sported red jerseys with a thick white band on their jerseys on tour to Australia and New Zealand.

However, the Sinai and Palestine Campaign had witnessed operations that involved some aspects of what would later be known as blitzkrieg.

However, there is no evidence that pall mall involved the croquet stroke which is the distinguishing characteristic of the modern game.

However, the Cabal Ministry they formed can hardly be seen as such ; the Scot Lauderdale was not much involved in English governance at all, while the Catholic ministers of the Cabal ( Clifford and Arlington ) were never much in sympathy with the Protestants ( Buckingham and Ashley ).

However, CI's more successful calculators involved a line of construction calculators, which evolved and expanded in the 1990s to present.

" However, despite this positive change, Munch's self-destructive and erratic behavior involved him first with a violent quarrel with another artist, then with an accidental shooting in the presence of Tulla Larsen, who had returned for a brief reconciliation, which injured two of his fingers.

However, Draper ’ s scheduled appearance in January 1950 was met with opposition from Hester McCullough, a woman who involved herself in the hunt for subversives.

However, the 22 can easily fit into distinct categories of over the two decades, based on the terrorist attacks in which they were, according to American authorities, involved.

However, Taiwanese authorities can be relatively lenient, one veteran police officer stating anonymously, " Unless someone complains about vandalism, we won't get involved.

However, with increasing availability, people lower down the social scale and women began to have access to books on magic ; this was often incorporated into the popular folk magic of the average people, and in particular that of the cunning folk, who were professionally involved in folk magic.

However, they also bind GTP and GDP and are involved in signal transduction.

However, this has proven more difficult than modifying bacteria, primarily because of the problems involved in carrying large sections of DNA and delivering them to the correct site on the gene.

However, Louis XIV's long reign saw France involved in many wars that drained its treasury.

However, Verona was immediately involved in the relegation battle, and Massimo Ficcadenti was replaced in December 2006 by Giampiero Ventura.

However, Ibn al-Shaykh's information lacks details concerning the individual Iraqis involved, the specific CB materials associated with the assistance and the location where the alleged training occurred.

However, there are no recorded instances of West African or Central African weddings that involved jumping over a broom.

However, the three platform planks that he proposed involved tax hikes, the gold standard and the role of the Federal Reserve.

However, there has been no small amount of inconsistency in the usage of the " is-a " link: Ronald J. Brachman wrote a paper titled " What IS-A is and isn't ", wherein 29 different semantics were found in projects whose knowledge representation schemes involved an " is-a " link.

However, he soon became involved in controversy, initiating protests advocating the expulsion of Arabs from Israel and the Palestinian territories.

However in the case of the free electron laser, atomic energy levels are not involved ; it appears that the operation of this rather exotic device can be explained without reference to quantum mechanics.