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Hoxha and Shehu apparently decided in May or June 1960 that Albania was assured of Chinese support, and they openly sided with the PRC when sharp polemics erupted between the PRC and the Soviet Union.
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Hoxha and Shehu
Enver Hoxha and Mehmet Shehu emerged as communist leaders in Albania.
Stalin died in March 1953, and apparently fearing that the Soviet ruler's demise might encourage rivals within the Albanian party's ranks, neither Hoxha nor Shehu risked traveling to Moscow to attend his funeral.
In July 1953, Hoxha handed over the foreign affairs and defense portfolios to loyal followers, but he kept both the top party post and the premiership until 1954, when Shehu became Albania's prime minister.
Despite some initial expressions of enthusiasm, Hoxha and Shehu mistrusted Nikita Khrushchev's programs of " peaceful coexistence " and " different roads to socialism " because they appeared to pose the threat that Yugoslavia might again try to take control of Albania.
Hoxha and Shehu were also alarmed at the prospect that Moscow might prefer less dogmatic rulers in Albania.
Hoxha and Shehu continued their harangue against the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia at the APL's Fourth Party Congress in February 1961.
In 1980, Hoxha turned to Ramiz Alia to succeed him as Albania's communist patriarch, overlooking his long-standing comrade-in-arms, Mehmet Shehu.
Hoxha first tried to convince Shehu to step aside voluntarily, but when this move failed, Hoxha arranged for all the members of the Politburo to rebuke him for allowing his son to become engaged to the daughter of a former bourgeois family.
In November 1982, Hoxha announced that Shehu had been a foreign spy working simultaneously for the United States, British, Soviet, and Yugoslav intelligence agencies in planning the assassination of Hoxha himself.
Hoxha relinquishes post of Prime Minister to Mehmet Shehu but retains primary power as First Secretary of the Party of Labour of Albania.
Hoxha selects Ramiz Alia as the next party head, bypassing Shehu.
Enver Hoxha and another veteran of the Spanish Civil War, Mehmet Shehu, eventually rose to become the most powerful figures in Albania for decades after the war.
Mehmet Shehu shared power with Enver Hoxha from the end of the Second World War.
Persistent rumors remain, however, that the murder of Shehu was ordered by Hoxha.
The previous day, Albania's leader Enver Hoxha bitterly denounced Shehu at a meeting of the Politburo of the Albanian Communist Party, after Shehu refused to resign in favor of Ramiz Alia.
Hoxha and May
Adil Çarçani ( May 15, 1922 – October 13, 1997 ) was an Albanian politician in the Communist regime led by Enver Hoxha.
Hoxha and June
" By June 1947, the Central Committee of Yugoslavia began publicly condemning Hoxha, accusing him of talking an individualistic and anti-Marxist line.
He lost the latter position on June 24 when Enver Hoxha gave up the posts of Minister of Defence and Minister of Foreign Affairs, remaining the Chairman of the Council of Ministers.
Koçi Xoxe ( pronounced ; 1917 – June 11, 1949 ) was the Defence and Interior Minister of Albania for some time under Enver Hoxha.
Hoxha and 1960
The People's Republic of Albania, under the leadership of Stalinist Enver Hoxha, broke ties with the Soviet Union in 1960 following the Soviet de-stalinization process.
At first, the Sino-Soviet split manifested itself indirectly ; arguments between the CPSU and the CPC criticized the client states of the other ; China denounced Yugoslavia and Tito, the USSR denounced Enver Hoxha and the People's Socialist Republic of Albania ; but, in 1960, they criticized each other in the Romanian Communist Party congress, when Khrushchev and Peng Zhen openly argued.
* Luan Hoxha ( born 1960 ), Chief of General Staff of the Armed Forces of Albania in 2006-2008
Hoxha and Albania
In the December 1945 Albanian election, the only effective ballot choices were those of the communist Democratic Front ( Albania ), led by Enver Hoxha.
Enver Hoxha (; 16 October 190811 April 1985 ) was the Communist leader of Albania from 1944 until his death in 1985, as the First Secretary of the Party of Labour of Albania.
Hoxha was born in Gjirokastër, a city in southern Albania ( then under the Ottoman Empire ) that has been home to many prominent families.
In July 1942, a " Call to the Albanian Peasantry " was written by Enver Hoxha and issued in the name of the Communist Party of Albania.
On 22 October, the Committee became the Democratic Government of Albania after a meeting in Berat and Hoxha was chosen as interim Prime Minister.
Hoxha with members of the Provisional Democratic Government of Albania.
Hoxha alleged that Tito had made it his goal to get Albania into Yugoslavia, firstly by creating the Treaty of Friendship, Co-operation and Mutual Aid in 1946.
Joseph Stalin gave advice to Hoxha and stated that Yugoslavia was attempting to annex Albania.
Koçi Xoxe tried to stop Hoxha from improving relations with Bulgaria, reasoning that Albania would be more stable with one trading partner rather than with many.
Hoxha stated that this was yet another of many attempts to overthrow the leadership of Albania which had been organized by Yugoslavia.
After the collapse of the Axis powers, Albania became a communist state, the Socialist People's Republic of Albania, which for the most part of its duration was dominated by Enver Hoxha ( died 1985 ).
A provisional government the communists had formed at Berat in October administered Albania with Enver Hoxha as prime minister.
Enver Hoxha, who ruled Albania for four decades, died on 11 April 1985.
Alia traveled extensively around Albania, standing in for Hoxha at major events and delivering addresses laying down new policies and intoning litanies to the enfeebled president.
Known officially as the People's Republic of Albania from 1946 to 1976, and then as the People's Socialist Republic of Albania from 1976 to 1991, Albania spent much of this time under the regime of Enver Hoxha, who severely restricted citizens ' freedom and contact with the outside world.
* 1946 – Enver Hoxha, Secretary General of the Communist Party of Albania, declares the People's Republic of Albania with himself as head of state.
Hoxha and was
He was the son of Halil Hoxha, a Bektashi Tosk cloth merchant who travelled widely across Europe and the United States of America, and Gjylihan ( Gjylo ) Hoxha.
As a result of his extensive education, Hoxha was fluent in French and had a working knowledge of Italian, Serbian, English and Russian.
Hoxha was dismissed from his teaching post following the 1939 Italian invasion for refusing to join the Albanian Fascist Party.
Hoxha was chosen from the " Korca group " as a Muslim representative by the two Yugoslav envoys as one of the seven members of the provisional Central Committee.
The General Headquarters was created with Spiro Moisiu as the commander and Enver Hoxha as political commissary.
According to Hoxha, Josip Broz Tito had agreed that " Kosovo was Albanian " but that Serbian opposition made transfer an unwise option.
The Anti-Fascist Committee for National Liberation was founded, with Hoxha as its chairman.
As First Secretary, Hoxha was de facto head of state and the most powerful man in the country.
At the Eighth Plenum of the Central Committee of the Party which lasted from 26 February – 8 March 1948, Xoxe was implicated in a plot to isolate Hoxha and consolidate his own power.
However, this also meant that Albanian industrial development, which was stressed heavily by Hoxha, would have to be significantly reduced.
Hoxha had not been consulted on this and was offended.
This had the effect of isolating Albania from the rest of the world, as Hoxha was hostile to both the pro-USA and pro-Soviet spheres of influence, as well as the Non-Aligned Movement under the leadership of Josip Broz Tito, whom Hoxha had also denounced.
Mercedes Benz cars were owned by Enver Hoxha and reportedly favored by his officials, giving the brand a foothold even before private ownership of cars was legalized.
The pro-Albanian camp would start to function as an international group as well, led by Enver Hoxha and the APL, and was also able to amalgamate many of the communist groups in Latin America, including the Communist Party of Brazil and Marxist-Leninist Communist Party in Ecuador.
Mao Zedong's Three Worlds Theory is described as realpolitik by his critics, including Enver Hoxha, who point out that it was not based in a strong ideological basis, being used only to justify China's alignment with the United States rather than the Soviet Union.
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