The popular Muslim attitude towards Baldwin was recorded by the traveller Ibn Jubair, who wrote that he was called al-khinzir (" the pig ", regarded as an unclean animal ), and his mother Agnes al-khinzira (" the sow ").

" Ibn Jubair stated that he had " remarkable intelligence and astuteness.

The Muslim traveller Ibn Jubair, who called Baldwin IV al-khinzir (" the pig "), called Agnes al-khinzira (" the sow ").

Ibn Abbas and Sa ' eed ibn Jubair ; It is the great good which Allah has granted exclusively to His Messenger.

Map of the first journey by Ibn Jubair from Ceuta until Makkah

* Ibn Jubair: Capturing the Decline of Islamic Power, muslimheritage. com

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In philosophy and the humanities, Jacques Derrida, the father of deconstruction, was born in El Biar in Algiers ; Malek Bennabi and Frantz Fanon are noted for their thoughts on decolonization ; Augustine of Hippo was born in Tagaste ( modern-day Souk Ahras ); and Ibn Khaldun, though born in Tunis, wrote the Muqaddima while staying in Algeria.

Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Sīnā ( Persian پور سينا Pur-e Sina " son of Sina "; c. 980 – 1037 ), commonly known as Ibn Sīnā or by his Latinized name Avicenna, was a Persian polymath, who wrote almost 450 treatises on a wide range of subjects, of which around 240 have survived.

A novel called Hayy ibn Yaqdhan, based on Avicenna's story, was later written by Ibn Tufail ( Abubacer ) in the 12th century and translated into Latin and English as Philosophus Autodidactus in the 17th and 18th centuries respectively.

However, the rule of the dynasty was relatively short-lived and the Almoravids fell-at the height of their power-when they failed to quell the Masmuda-led rebellion initiated by Ibn Tumart.

Writing three centuries later, Ibn Abi Zar suggested it was chosen early on by Abdallah Ibn Yasin because, upon finding resistance among the Gudala Berbers of Adrar ( Mauritania ) to his teaching, he took a handful of followers to erect a makeshift ribat ( monastery-fortress ) on an offshore island ( possibly Tidra island, in Arguin bay ).

Ibn Idhari wrote that the name was suggested by Ibn Yasin in the " persevering in the fight " sense, to boost morale after a particularly hard-fought battle in the Draa valley c. 1054, in which they had taken many losses.

The 13th-century Moroccan biographer Ibn al-Zayyat al-Tadili and Qadi Ayyad before him in the 12th-century, note that Waggag's learning center was called Dar al-Murabitin ( The house of the Almoravids ), and that might have inspired Ibn Yasin's choice of name for the movement.

Ibn Yasin certainly had the ardor of a puritan zealot, his creed was mainly characterized by a rigid formalism and a strict adherence to the dictates of the Qur ' an, and the Orthodox tradition.

( chroniclers like al-Bakri allege Ibn Yasin's own learning was superficial.

Probably sensing the useful organizing power of Ibn Yasin's pious fervor, he was invited by the Lamtuna chieftain Yahya ibn Umar al-Lamtuni to preach to his people.

Invoking stories of the early life of the Prophet Muhammad, Ibn Yasin preached that conquest was a necessary addendum to Islamicization, that it was not enough to merely adhere to God's law, but necessary to also destroy opposition to it.

He compiled a survey of mirror configurations in his work on remarkable mechanical devices which was known to Arab mathematicians such as Ibn al-Haytham.

Omari came from Asir Province, a poor region in southwestern Saudi Arabia that borders Yemen, and graduated with honours from high school, attained a degree from the Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, was married, and had a daughter.

Upon landing in al-Andalus, Abd al-Rahman was greeted by clients Abu Uthman and Ibn Khalid and an escort of 300 cavalry.

When the latter was surrounded by Umayyad troops, he sued for help to Ibn Hafsun, but the latter was defeated by the besiegers and returned to Bobastro.

Ibn al-Mundir al-Qurays, a member of the royal family, was named governor of the city, while the Lord of Carmona obtained the title of vizier.

Abd ar-Rahman's next objective was to squash the longstanding rebellion of Ibn Hafsun.

The last of Ibn Hafsun to fall was Hafs, who stood in his powerful fortress of Bobastro.

The Algarve was dominated completely by a muladí coalition led by Sa ' id ibn Mal, who had expelled the Arabs from Beja, and the lords of Ocsónoba, Yahya ibn Bakr, and of Niebla, Ibn Ufayr.

Ibn al-Athir claims that the caliph chose him after being told by his advisers that " there is no one weaker or younger " than Saladin, and " not one of the emirs obeyed him or served him.

Later Ibn ‘ Arabī finds Abū ‘ Abd al-Raḥmān al-Sulamī in it and he told Ibn ‘ Arabī that this station is called, the station of proximity ( maqām al-qurba ) ( Hirtenstein 128 ).

Ibn Hajar preserves the most memorable account: his father, as they entered the al-Hakim Mosque one day, told him " My son, you are entering the mosque of your ancestor.

But those who defended him, like Sufyan ibn ` Uyaynah, stated that Ibn Ishaq told them that he did meet her.

When he asks his teacher, a Sufi, why a land whose people obeys the tenets of Islam suffers so, Ibn Fattouma is told the answer he seeks lies far away from the city.

In the 14th century, Ibn Battuta, in his travelogue, calls the rhinoceros he saw in India a karkadann, and describes it as a ferocious beast, driving away from its territory animals as big as the elephant ; this is the legend that is told in One Thousand and One Nights, in the " Second Voyage of Sinbad the Sailor ".

Imam Ahmad recorded from Zirr bin Hubaysh that Ubayy bin Ka ` b told him that Ibn Mas ` ud did not record the Mu ` awwidhatayn in his Mushaf ( copy of the Qur ' an ).

Though Ibn Ishaq himself does not explicitly mention the name Alexander, he relates that a storyteller told him that Dhul-Qarnayn was a Greco-Egyptian ( an accurate description of Alexander ):

There is a man at Kufa who is a story-teller called Nauf ; who claims that he ( Al-Khadir's companion ) is not Moses of Bani Israel ... Ibn ' Abbas said, "( Nauf ) the enemy of Allah told a lie.

Rannamaari has two main versions, the traditional version and the one told by Ibn Batuta.

According to Ibn Ishaq, Abdullah Ibn Zaid Ibn Abd Rabbihi went to Muhammad with his story that he saw Adhan in his dream, Muhammad, approving the method for calling to prayers, told him to ask an Ethiopian named Bilal, who had a marvelous voice, to call the Muslims to prayer ( the Adhan ).

As Ibn Ishaq told the story ( in Albert Guillaume's translation ):

The governor of Kufa, al-Nu ' man Ibn Bashir, was told of Muslim arrival, but refused to attack him.

However Umar did not heed this warning though Abu Bakr came and told the same thing as Ibn Abbas.