If the carriers are holes, replace electron density by the negative of the hole density.

If the core becomes sufficiently dense, electron degeneracy pressure will play a significant part in stabilizing it against gravitational collapse.

If this binding energy is higher than the energy provided by kicks from oscillating atoms in the conductor ( which is true at low temperatures ), then the electron pair will stick together and resist all kicks, thus not experiencing resistance.

If electrons ' move ' about the electron cloud in strict paths the same way planets orbit the sun, then electrons would be required to do so at speeds which far exceed the speed of light.

Alice could send bits to Bob in the following way: If Alice wishes to transmit a " 0 ", she measures the spin of her electron in the z direction, collapsing Bob's state to either or.

If the photon energy is too low, the electron is unable to escape the material.

If the photon energy is absorbed, some of the energy liberates the electron from the atom, and the rest contributes to the electron's kinetic energy as a free particle.

If an electron of energy E is incident upon an energy barrier of height U ( z ), the electron wave function is a traveling wave solution,

If the bias is small, we can let U − E ≈ φM in the expression for κ, where φM, the work function, gives the minimum energy needed to bring an electron from an occupied level, the highest of which is at the Fermi level ( for metals at T = 0 kelvins ), to vacuum level.

If it does, it will develop into a red giant as described for mid-sized stars below, but never fuse helium as they do ; otherwise, it will simply contract until electron degeneracy pressure halts its collapse, becoming first a blue dwarf and then a white dwarf.

If the mass of the core exceeds the Chandrasekhar limit, electron degeneracy pressure will be unable to support its weight against the force of gravity, and the core will undergo sudden, catastrophic collapse to form a neutron star or ( in the case of cores that exceed the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff limit ), a black hole.

If the SEM is equipped with a cold stage for cryo-microscopy, cryofixation may be used and low-temperature scanning electron microscopy performed on the cryogenically fixed specimens.

:: If Alice wishes to transmit a ' 0 ', she measures the spin of her electron in the z direction, collapsing Bob's state to either | z +>< sub > B </ sub > or | z ->< sub > B </ sub >.

If Alice wishes to transmit a ' 1 ', she measures the spin of her electron in the x direction, collapsing Bob's state to either | x +>< sub > B </ sub > or | x ->< sub > B </ sub >.

If the material under investigation is only available in the form of nanocrystalline powders or suffers from poor crystallinity, the methods of electron crystallography can be applied for determining the atomic structure.

In that case, the penetration depth also varies exponentially with temperature T. If there are nodes in the energy gap as in the d symmetry HTS, electron pair can more easily be broken, the superfluid density should have a stronger temperature dependence, and the penetration depth is expected to increase as a power of T at low temperatures.

If the photon's energy is greater than the substance's work function, photoelectric emission occurs and the electron is liberated from the surface.

If the sedimentation rate is low ( about 1 cm / kyr ), the organic carbon content is low ( about 1 % ), and oxygen is abundant, aerobic bacteria can use up all the organic matter in the sediments faster than oxygen is depleted, so lower-energy electron acceptors are not used.

If the photon is of lower energy, but still has sufficient energy ( in general a few eV to a few keV, corresponding to visible light through soft X-rays ), it can eject an electron from its host atom entirely ( a process known as the photoelectric effect ), instead of undergoing Compton scattering.

If the potential energy is set to zero at infinite distance from the atomic nucleus or molecule, the usual convention, then bound electron states have negative potential energy.

If there is more than one electron around the atom, electron-electron-interactions raise the energy level.

If the energy absorbed exceeds this potential, then the electron is emitted as a free electron.

If the circumstances are faced frankly it is not reasonable to expect this to be true.

If his dancers are sometimes made to look as if they might be creatures from Mars, this is consistent with his intention of placing them in the orbit of another world, a world in which they are freed of their pedestrian identities.

If a work is divided into several large segments, a last-minute drawing of random numbers may determine the order of the segments for any particular performance.

If they avoid the use of the pungent, outlawed four-letter word it is because it is taboo ; ;

If Wilhelm Reich is the Moses who has led them out of the Egypt of sexual slavery, Dylan Thomas is the poet who offers them the Dionysian dialectic of justification for their indulgence in liquor, marijuana, sex, and jazz.

If he is the child of nothingness, if he is the predestined victim of an age of atomic wars, then he will consult only his own organic needs and go beyond good and evil.

If it is an honest feeling, then why should she not yield to it??

If he thus achieves a lyrical, dreamlike, drugged intensity, he pays the price for his indulgence by producing work -- Allen Ginsberg's `` Howl '' is a striking example of this tendency -- that is disoriented, Dionysian but without depth and without Apollonian control.

If love reflects the nature of man, as Ortega Y Gasset believes, if the person in love betrays decisively what he is by his behavior in love, then the writers of the beat generation are creating a new literary genre.

If he is good, he may not be legal ; ;

If the man on the sidewalk is surprised at this question, it has served as an exclamation.

If the existent form is to be retained new factors that reinforce it must be introduced into the situation.

If we remove ourselves for a moment from our time and our infatuation with mental disease, isn't there something absurd about a hero in a novel who is defeated by his infantile neurosis??

If many of the characters in contemporary novels appear to be the bloodless relations of characters in a case history it is because the novelist is often forgetful today that those things that we call character manifest themselves in surface behavior, that the ego is still the executive agency of personality, and that all we know of personality must be discerned through the ego.

If he is a traditionalist, he is an eclectic traditionalist.

If our sincerity is granted, and it is granted, the discrepancy can only be explained by the fact that we have come to believe hearsay and legend about ourselves in preference to an understanding gained by earnest self-examination.

If to be innocent is to be helpless, then I had been -- as are we all -- helpless at the start.

If he does teshuva ( repentance ), i. e. he ceases his forbidden actions, regrets what he has done, apologizes to God, and makes a binding resolution never to repeat those actions, he is seen to be forgiven by God.

If the candidate receives less than 5 % of the vote, the government funds € 800, 000 to the party (€ 150, 000 paid in advance ) Advertising on TV is forbidden but official time is given to candidates on public TV.

The passers-by spit in his face, and sometimes beat him … unmercifully … If a Jew enters a shop for anything, he is forbidden to inspect the goods … Should his hand incautiously touch the goods, he must take them at any price the seller chooses to ask for them ...

If a woman were imprisoned by non-Jews concerning money affairs, she is permitted to her husband, but if for some capital offense, she is forbidden to her husband.

If the energy difference between the parent atom and the daughter atom is less than 1. 022 MeV, positron emission is forbidden because not enough decay energy is available to allow it, and thus electron capture is the sole decay mode.

At one such conference in the late 1950s, the issue of inclusivity came up, which led linguist Ken Pike to comment, “ If we had a black person as a member, they could not stay here overnight .” Sulphur Springs was a known “ sundown town ,” a place where African Americans were forbidden from living, usually through the threat of violence.

If there is a small forbidden zone then the flow of electron from valence to conduction band is only possible if an external energy ( thermal etc.

" If details are requested, no information other than the fact that their disclosure is forbidden will be given.

If the separation were voluntary on the part of the colored people that would be a different thing but for them to accept Jim-Crowism and then work to make the Exposition a success is a thing in which I do not believe .” While Dr. Booker T. Washington was invited and attended as a prominent guest, many African Americans attending the exposition resented being forbidden by law to patronize its restaurants ; the exposition enforced Virginia's legal racial segregation and other Jim Crow laws.

If the body does contain toxins, then the marketing and sale of ocean sunfish meat is forbidden in the European Union according to Regulation ( EC ) No 853 / 2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council.

The passers-by spit in his face, and sometimes beat him … unmercifully … If a Jew enters a shop for anything, he is forbidden to inspect the goods … Should his hand incautiously touch the goods, he must take them at any price the seller chooses to ask for them.

" If any person shall without authority of law go upon or remain upon the lands or premises of another, after having been forbidden to do so by the owner, lessee, custodian or other person lawfully in charge of such land,.

If he receives more than one telegram, or none at all, no one will get any money, and cooperation between players is forbidden.

If a matroid is graphic, its dual ( a " co-graphic matroid ") cannot contain the duals of these five forbidden minors.

If there is no brother that meets all of the conditions, neither yibbum nor halitzah applies, except if the widow is forbidden to marry the brother as a result of a prohibition not involving the punishment of kares ( spiritual exicision ), in which case halitzah would apply.

If a program cannot be cleared, it is not a game anymore, that's why Special A was kept hidden as a forbidden area.

If the compound is unfamiliar to the reader, there is the risk of it being incorrectly read with on readings, rather than the kun readings – for example, 乗入禁止 " drive-in forbidden " is read nori-ire-kin-shi ( 乗り入れ禁止 ) – the first two characters are a compound verb – but an unfamiliar reader may guess jōnyū-kinshi based on the on readings.

If these regulations are broken, the offender is often subject to penalties, such as being forbidden from attending the kisha club.

If he slaughtered with such a knife on purpose, the animal is forbidden as not kosher.

If the value of this integral is zero the transition is forbidden.

The passers-by spit in his face, and sometimes beat him … unmercifully … If a Jew enters a shop for anything, he is forbidden to inspect the goods … Should his hand incautiously touch the goods, he must take them at any price the seller chooses to ask for them ...

If Mr. Serpent taught our ancestors to eat forbidden food, he taught it by example.

If rules are violated, they may be forced to eliminate a crucial aesthetic factor in their presentation ( e. g., Jeffrey Sebelia's blond wigs and pleated leather shorts in Season 3 ); or the judging panel might lower their scoring, if they insist upon using a forbidden item ( e. g., Kara Saun's outsourced footwear in Season 1 ).

If F < sub > k </ sub > denotes the family of graphs having the property that all minors of graphs in F < sub > k </ sub > can be ( k − 1 )- colored, then it follows from the Robertson – Seymour theorem that F < sub > k </ sub > can be characterized by a finite set of forbidden minors.