If so, this is arguably insider dealing on a grand scale with the benefit of inside specialist knowledge of the business and resources of the firm not shared with outsiders like politicians and members ( and, perhaps, regulators ).

If the compromise was a rebuke to the most radical vision of the liberty of the Church, on at least one point its implication was firm and unmistakable: The king, even an emperor, was a layman.

If the firm is a perfect competitor in all input markets, and thus the per-unit prices of all its inputs are unaffected by how much of the inputs the firm purchases, then it can be shown that at a particular level of output, the firm has economies of scale if and only if it has increasing returns to scale, has diseconomies of scale if and only if it has decreasing returns to scale, and has neither economies nor diseconomies of scale if it has constant returns to scale.

If, however, the firm is not a perfect competitor in the input markets, then the above conclusions are modified.

If the roots are not firm and healthy, the tree will not survive-but the roots only form the foundation of the tree.

If the MRP is greater than a firm's Marginal Cost, then the firm will employ the worker since doing so will increase profit.

* If the price is between average total cost and average variable cost at the profit-maximizing output, then the firm is said to be in a loss-minimizing condition.

* If the price is below average variable cost at the profit-maximizing output, the firm should go into shutdown.

If the firm raises prices it will lose all its customers.

If the firm lowers price P < MC then it will be losing money on every unit sold.

If the revenue the firm is receiving is greater than its total variable cost ( R > VC ) then the firm is covering all variable cost plus there is additional revenue (" contribution "), which can be applied to fixed costs.

If the firm decides to operate, the firm will continue to produce where marginal revenue equals marginal costs because these conditions insure not only profit maximization ( loss minimization ) but also maximum contribution.

If R < VC the firm should shut down.

This is because each point on the supply curve is the answer to the question " If this firm is faced with this potential price, how much output will it be able to and willing to sell?

" If a firm has market power, so its decision of how much output to provide to the market influences the market price, then the firm is not " faced with " any price, and the question is meaningless.

If the seller is a competitive firm, the tax burden is distributed over the factors of production depending on the elasticities thereof ; this includes workers ( in the form of lower wages ), capital investors ( in the form of loss to shareholders ), landowners ( in the form of lower rents ), entrepreneurs ( in the form of lower wages of superintendence ) and customers ( in the form of higher prices ).

" If the firm " actually copied code from a GPL'd program, such a suit would be a perfectly ordinary assertion of copyright, which most private firms would defend if the shoe were on the other foot.

If trying to decide between alternative investments in order to maximize the value of the firm, the corporate reinvestment rate would probably be a better choice.

If the firm also pollutes the atmosphere when it makes steel, however, and if it is not forced to pay for the use of this resource, then this cost will be borne not by the firm but by society.

If the circumstances are faced frankly it is not reasonable to expect this to be true.

If his dancers are sometimes made to look as if they might be creatures from Mars, this is consistent with his intention of placing them in the orbit of another world, a world in which they are freed of their pedestrian identities.

If a work is divided into several large segments, a last-minute drawing of random numbers may determine the order of the segments for any particular performance.

If they avoid the use of the pungent, outlawed four-letter word it is because it is taboo ; ;

If Wilhelm Reich is the Moses who has led them out of the Egypt of sexual slavery, Dylan Thomas is the poet who offers them the Dionysian dialectic of justification for their indulgence in liquor, marijuana, sex, and jazz.

If he is the child of nothingness, if he is the predestined victim of an age of atomic wars, then he will consult only his own organic needs and go beyond good and evil.

If it is an honest feeling, then why should she not yield to it??

If he thus achieves a lyrical, dreamlike, drugged intensity, he pays the price for his indulgence by producing work -- Allen Ginsberg's `` Howl '' is a striking example of this tendency -- that is disoriented, Dionysian but without depth and without Apollonian control.

If love reflects the nature of man, as Ortega Y Gasset believes, if the person in love betrays decisively what he is by his behavior in love, then the writers of the beat generation are creating a new literary genre.

If he is good, he may not be legal ; ;

If the man on the sidewalk is surprised at this question, it has served as an exclamation.

If the existent form is to be retained new factors that reinforce it must be introduced into the situation.

If we remove ourselves for a moment from our time and our infatuation with mental disease, isn't there something absurd about a hero in a novel who is defeated by his infantile neurosis??

If many of the characters in contemporary novels appear to be the bloodless relations of characters in a case history it is because the novelist is often forgetful today that those things that we call character manifest themselves in surface behavior, that the ego is still the executive agency of personality, and that all we know of personality must be discerned through the ego.

If he is a traditionalist, he is an eclectic traditionalist.

If our sincerity is granted, and it is granted, the discrepancy can only be explained by the fact that we have come to believe hearsay and legend about ourselves in preference to an understanding gained by earnest self-examination.

If to be innocent is to be helpless, then I had been -- as are we all -- helpless at the start.

If the old fool argues about the price, tell him I shall order my husband not to treat him as a patient any longer.

If you have a higher-quality product, how can you make it stand out -- justify its premium price -- without the spoken word??

If a concessionaire runs the cafeteria, keep an eye out for quality and price.

If not, how long to order and what is the price ''??

If the assets used are not identical ( so a price divergence makes the trade temporarily lose money ), or the margin treatment is not identical, and the trader is accordingly required to post margin ( faces a margin call ), the trader may run out of capital ( if they run out of cash and cannot borrow more ) and go bankrupt even though the trades may be expected to ultimately make money.

If the creditworthiness of the issuer deteriorates ( e. g. rating downgrade ) and its credit spread widens, the bond price tends to move lower, but, in many cases, the call option part of the convertible bond moves higher ( since credit spread correlates with volatility ).

If Wisda's Landscaping breaks the contract, and Neal Townsend is forced to hire another service for $ 60 an hour, expectation ( direct ) damages paid to Neal Townsend would equal $ 100 ($ 10 an hour, the difference in price between the original contract and the new contract ).

If results were left unadjusted for factors such as race, gender, and free or reduced price lunch program eligibility, private schools performed significantly better than public schools.

If the intrinsic value is higher than the market price it is recommended to buy the share.

If it is equal to market price hold the share and if it is less than the market price sell the shares.

If a commodity's value is not the same as its price, and therefore the magnitudes of each likely differ, then what is the relation between the two, if any?

If no minimum wage is in place, workers and employers will continue to adjust the quantity of labor supplied according to price until the quantity of labor demanded is equal to the quantity of labor supplied, reaching equilibrium price, where the supply and demand curves intersect.

* P-Max quantity, price and profit: If a monopolist obtains control of a formerly perfectly competitive industry, the monopolist would increase prices, reduce production, and realise positive economic profits.

If a company increases prices too much, then others may enter the market if they are able to provide the same good, or a substitute, at a lesser price.

If a PC company attempted to increase prices above the market level all its customers would abandon the company and purchase at the market price from other companies.

If the monopoly were permitted to charge individualised prices ( this is termed third degree price discrimination ), the quantity produced, and the price charged to the marginal customer, would be identical to that of a competitive company, thus eliminating the deadweight loss ; however, all gains from trade ( social welfare ) would accrue to the monopolist and none to the consumer.

If the monopolist practiced price discrimination he would sell the first unit for $ 50 the second unit for $ 40 and so on.

If a customer offers a top quality, brand-name valuable at too low a price the pawnbroker may turn down the offer, because this suggests that the item may either be counterfeit or stolen.