He first achieved distinction as an officer in Nur ad-Din Zengi's army during his uncle Shirkuh's third and final campaign in Egypt ( 1168 – 1169 ); following Nur ad-Din's death in 1174, Al-Adil governed Egypt on behalf of his brother Saladin and mobilized that country's vast resources in support of his brother's campaigns in Syria and his war against the Crusaders ( 1175 – 1183 ).

The stave church was originally constructed just after the year 1168, which we know through dendrochronological dating of the pine tree used during the construction.

* 1168: King Valdemar I of Denmark conquers Arkona on the Island of Rügen, the strongest pagan fortress and temple in northern Europe.

Amalric cemented his alliance with Manuel by marrying Manuel's niece Maria Komnene in 1167, and an embassy led by William of Tyre was sent to Constantinople to negotiate a military expedition, but in 1168 Amalric pillaged Bilbeis without waiting for the naval support promised by Manuel.

Owain expanded his international diplomatic offensive against Henry II by sending an embassy to Louis VII of France in 1168, led by Arthur of Bardsey, Bishop of Bangor ( 1166 – 1177 ), who was charged with negotiating a joint alliance against Henry II.

* 1168: Danish expedition led by Roskilde archbishop Absalon takes the Principality of Rügen, resulting in conversion of the Rani who became Danish vassals

However, in 1168 the Fatimids under the leadership of Vizier Shawar set fire to Fustat to prevent Cairo's capture by the Crusaders.

In 1168 Afonso again felt menaced by Ferdinand II's repopulation of the area of Ciudad Rodrigo: he then attacked Galicia, occupying Tui and the territory of Xinzo de Limia, former fiefs of his mother.

William accused them of hindering the Siege of Ascalon in 1153 ; of poorly defending a cave-fortress in 1165, for which twelve Templars were hanged by King Amalric ; of sabotaging the invasion of Egypt in 1168 ; and of murdering Assassin ambassadors in 1173.

In 1168, Muskar died, and was followed by his son Muskar II.

* by his second wife, Matilda, daughter of King Henry II of England ( married 1168 ):

In 1168 his uncle was killed in an ambush by Guy de Lusignan.

Being effectively disinherited by the king ( for the first but not the last time in his life ) and with mounting debts, Richard welcomed the opportunity to restore his fortunes that presented itself in 1168.

Until the king was declared adult in 1171 the government was controlled first by the chancellor Stephen du Perche, cousin of Margaret ( 1166 – 1168 ), and then by Walter Ophamil, archbishop of Palermo, and Matthew of Ajello, the vice-chancellor.

* 1168 ( Nin ' an 3, 19th day of the 2nd month ): In the 3rd year of Rokujō-tennō's reign ( 六条天皇3年 ), the emperor was deposed by his grandfather, and the succession (‘‘ senso ’’) was received by his cousin, the third son of the retired-Emperor Go-Shirakawa.

* 1168 ( Nin ' an 3, 19th day of the 2nd month ): In the 3rd year of Rokujō-tennō's reign ( 六条天皇3年 ), the emperor was deposed by his grandfather, and the succession (‘‘ senso ’’) was received by his cousin, the third son of the retired-Emperor Go-Shirakawa.

* His philosophical work, Al -' akidah al-Rafiyah ( The Sublime Faith ), written in 1168, in Arabic, has been preserved in two Hebrew translations: one by Solomon ben Labi, with the title Emunah Ramah ; the other by Samuel Motot.

Called Belveer or Beauverium, the castle was built by the Crusaders around 1168 CE.

The third, and arguably the most important record, comes from the Danish chronicler Saxo Grammaticus, who in his Gesta Danorum described the war fought in 1168 by the Danish king Valdemar I against the Wends of Rügen, the conquest of their city at cape Arkona and the destruction of the grand temple of Svantevit that stood there.

"( 君子之國 ， 地方千里 ， 多木槿之華 ) The name " mugungwha " was first used by the poet Lee Gyu-bo ( 이규보, 1168 – 1241 ) of Goryeo Dynasty.

They were studied by Islamic and Jewish scholars, including Rabbi Moses Maimonides ( 1135 – 1204 ) and the Muslim Judge Ibn Rushd, known in the West as Averroes ( 1126 – 1198 ); both were originally from Cordoba, Spain, although the former left Iberia and by 1168 lived in Egypt.

" Franconia remained a Hohenstaufen power base until 1168, when the Bishop of Würzburg was formally ceded the ducal rights in Eastern Franconia.

In 1168, the Danish king, Valdemar I, and his army commander and advisor, Bishop Absalon of Roskilde destroyed the Svetovid temple in the hillfort at Cape Arkona, ending both the territorial and religious autonomy of the Rani, their former monarchs became Danish princes of Rügen.

Otto and Bernard helped their second brother Siegfried, who since 1168 had called himself the Bishop Elect of Bremen, to gain the see of Bremen, with part of the diocesan territory being upgraded to form the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen ().

In 1168, the crusading William IV, Count of Nevers had promised the Bishop of Bethlehem that if Bethlehem should fall under Muslim control, he would welcome either him or his successors in the small town of Clamecy in the present day Burgundy, France.

Robert was married to Agnes Sibylla ( died 1170 ), and had four sons by her: Guillem ( William, died 1168 ), Robert, Ricard ( Richard ), and Berenguer ( Berengar, who in conjunction with Robert, assassinated Bishop Hug de Cervelló in 1171 ).

" Franconia remained a Hohenstaufen power base until 1168, when the Bishop of Würzburg was formally ceded the ducal rights in Eastern Franconia.

In 1168, Valdemar and Absalon gained a foothold on the southern shore of the Baltic, when they subdued the Principality of Rügen.

Henceforward Henry succeeded in keeping the countship of Anjou all his life ; for though he granted it in 1168 to his son Henry the Young King when the latter became old enough to govern it, he absolutely refused to allow him to enjoy his power.

In 1168, Henry married Matilda ( 1156 – 1189 ), the daughter of King Henry II of England and Duchess Eleanor of Aquitaine and sister of King Richard I of England.

He saw an opportunity to reverse his bad fortune in 1168 when he met Diarmait Mac Murchada, the former King of Leinster.

According to tradition, Donal Mor O ' Brien, the last King of Munster founded the present cathedral on the site of his palace on King's Island in 1168.

However, in 1168, the Christian King Amalric I of Jerusalem, who had been trying for years to launch a successful attack on Egypt in order to expand the Crusader territories, had finally achieved a certain amount of success.

She was still living in 1168, but seems to have died before her husband went to the Kingdom of Jerusalem after their grandson Baldwin's coronation as King of Jerusalem in the 1180s.

The Pórtico da Gloria of the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela is a Romanesque portico by Master Mateo and his workshop at the request of King Ferdinand II of León, who donated for this purpose one hundred maravedís annually between 1168 and 1188, when the latter consisting inscribed in stone in the cathedral as its completion.

In 1168, the Danish king Valdemar I conquered Rügen which then became Christian.

In 1168 Amalric and Manuel negotiated an alliance against Egypt, and William of Tyre was among the ambassadors sent to Constantinople to finalize the treaty.

In 1167 Amalric married Maria Comnena, grand-niece of Byzantine emperor Manuel I Comnenus, and in 1168 the king sent William to finalize a treaty for a joint Byzantine-crusader campaign against Egypt.

Alessandria was founded in 1168 with a charter as a free commune ; it was sited upon a preexisting urban nucleus, to serve as a stronghold for the Lombard League, defending the traditional liberties of the communes of northern Italy against the Imperial forces of Frederick Barbarossa.

Twice it served as the entry-point for an emperor's triumphal return: in 1126, when John II Komnenos returned from the recapture of his ancestral Kastamonu, and in 1168, when Manuel I Komnenos returned from his victorious campaign against Hungary.

After the Battle of Monte Porzio, in 1168, the Roman people thought it well to take revenge on Albano, who had sided with the city's Emperor Frederick Barbarossa against Rome, and so the town was looted and razed.