* 1248: Pope Innocent IV gave the unique privilege of using the Glagolitic alphabet in the liturgy.

In Italy the breakaway from their feudal overlords occurred in the late 12th century and 13th century, during the Investiture Controversy between the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor: Milan led the Lombard cities against the Holy Roman Emperors and defeated them, gaining independence ( battles of Legnano, 1176, and Parma, 1248 ; see Lombard League ).

In 1248 the bishop of Senj was allowed by the Pope Innocent IV to use the Glagolitic alphabet and the vernacular language in liturgy.

In 1248 Premonstratensian monks were given charge of the monastery with the sanction of Pope Celestine IV, and they remained there till 1556, when Lorsch and the surrounding country passed into the hands of Lutheran and Calvinist princes.

In 1248, under pressure from Frederick, Pope Innocent IV declared Altamura exempt from the jurisdiction of the bishop of Bari, making it a " palatine church ", that is the equivalent of a palace chapel.

This was officially sanctioned in 1248 by Pope Innocent IV, and only later did the Latin alphabet prevail.

They met with Innocent IV in 1248, who again appealed to the Mongols to stop their killing of Christians.

In 1248, Paris was sent to Norway as the bearer of a message from Louis IX to Haakon IV ; he made himself so agreeable to the Norwegian sovereign that he was invited to superintend the reformation of the Benedictine monastery of Nidarholm outside Trondheim.

* 1218 – 1248 Irmgard, heiress of Berg, marries in 1217 Henry IV, Duke of Limburg

The distinction between Toompea and the Lower Town ( Tallinn ) also developed at the time as Tallinn gained its own administration – at least in 1248, when the King of Denmark Eric IV granted the town Lübeck city rights, but possibly even earlier.

His younger brothers, Kilij Arslan IV ( 1248 – 1265 ) and Kayqubad II ( 1249 – 1257 ) were set to rule the regions east of the river under Mongol administration.

In 1248 the count Willem II gave the Chapel of Hijllinghem and all its buildings to the Abbot of Egmond.

Afonso III ( 1248 – 1279 ) gave it its charter in 1253, referring to the town, " a hill opposite the Crespos ", which already had a core of settlements organized around the Church of St. Facundo.

* 1212 — The Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in Iberia sees the beginning of a rapid Christian reconquest of the southern half of the Iberian peninsula, mainly from 1230 – 1248, with the defeat of Moorish forces.

The town was attached to the Duchy of Legnica in 1248 and in 1290 was granted with a privilege to trade salt, one of the most expensive and valuable minerals in the Middle Ages.

The first written account of using medicine and entomology to solve ( separate ) criminal cases is attributed to the book of Xi Yuan Lu ( translated as " Washing Away of Wrongs "), written in Song Dynasty China by Song Ci ( 宋慈, 1186 – 1249 ) in 1248.

The released Itanium 9300-series processors are using a separate socket, LGA 1248, which is incompatible with Xeon processors and motherboards.

After a short period under an Imperial vicar, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until, in 1275, the Da Polenta established their long-lasting seigniory.

On separate occasions, in return for loans from the treasury of Guelders, the bishop of Utrecht granted the taxation and administration of the Veluwe, and William II --- Count of both Holland and Zeeland, and who was elected anti-king of the Holy Roman Empire ( 1248 – 1256 )--- similarly granted the same rights over Nijmegen ; as neither ruler proved able to repay their debts, these lands became integral parts of Guelders.

The chapel was consecrated on 26 April 1248 and Louis ' relics were moved to their new home with great ceremony.

Both of their sons — Holmger ( d. 1248 ) and Philip ( d. 1251 )— died in the Folkung uprisings fighting against Birger jarl.

As a young man, in 1243 he was taken into the Teutonic Order custody as a hostage, part of the ceasefire agreement between his father and the Order, but the Order did not keep their part of this agreement and failed to return Mestwin II who was held by them until 1248 ( for some time in the Order castle in Austria ) when finally released.

The master was to await the arrival of Afonso ( 1248 – 1279 ) so that they could unite their forces and remove the last vestiges of resistance in the Algarve.

Mahaut or Matilda II of Boulogne ( also known as Mathilde, Maud de Dammartin ; died 1260 ) was Countess of Boulogne in her own right and Queen of Portugal by marriage to King Afonso III from 1248 until their divorce in 1253.

Because it is known that Mindaugas used to kill his relatives to gain power and because Dausprungas is not mentioned in any other sources, some imply that he was killed by Mindaugas, but others rebut since his sons still ruled their lands in 1248.

Louis arrived in Cyprus in 1248, where he gathered an army of his own men, including his brothers Robert of Artois, Charles of Anjou, and Alphonse of Poitiers, and those of Cyprus and Jerusalem, led by the Ibelin family John of Jaffa, Guy of Ibelin, and Balian of Beirut.

In 1248, Wenceslaus had to deal with a rebellion of the Bohemian nobility, led by his own son Ottokar II.

He was sentenced to three years probation, 1248 hours of community service, a $ 3000 fine, was banned from having contact with minors, and was forced to undergo a journalistic ethics course and a psychiatric evaluation at his own expense.

Despite the islands ' closer proximity to Taiwan than Luzon, it is important to not group the language with Formosan languages, which in fact includes ten of eleven sub-families of the Austronesian language family, whereas Ivatan is included with other Philippine languages in the Malayo-Polynesian sub-family of the Austronesian language family, an immense group of 1248 languages not restricted to the languages of the Philippines, but, as the name suggests, includes Malayic and Oceanic languages.

In 1248 the eastern part of Kołobrzeg Land, including the village, was transferred by Duke Barnim I to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Kammin.

He was the son of Count William II ( 1227 – 1256 ), who was elected King of the Romans of the Holy Roman Empire in 1248, and was slain in 1256 by Frisians when Floris was just two years old.

The site of Andechs was originally occupied by a castle belonging to the counts of Dießen on the Ammersee, probably built on a Roman castrum, and remained the seat of the powerful counts of Dießen-Andechs ( 1135 to 1180 ) and dukes of Andechs-Merania ( 1180 to 1248 ).

* 1248 – The foundation stone of Cologne Cathedral, built to house the relics of the Three Wise Men, is laid.

* 1248 – The Dutch city of Ommen receives city rights and fortification rights from Otto III, the Archbishop of Utrecht.

He was the second son of King Afonso II of Portugal and his wife, Urraca of Castile ; he succeeded his brother, King Sancho II of Portugal, who was removed from the throne on 4 January 1248.

Since Sancho was not a popular king, the order was not hard to enforce ; he was exiled to Castile and Afonso III became king in 1248 after his brother's death.

At the Mongol camp near Kars Andrew had met a certain David, who in December 1248 appeared at the court of King Louis IX of France in Cyprus.

Aarau is first mentioned in 1248 as Arowe.

The earliest use of the place name was in 1248 ( in the form Arowe ), and probably referred to the settlement in the area before the founding of the city.

In the early 13th century, Abu al-Abbas al-Nabati, and Ibn al-Baitar ( d. 1248 ) also wrote on botany.

In 1248 and 1260 the see obtained large portions of the estates of the Counts of Meran, partly through purchase and partly through the appropriation of extinguished fiefs.

In 1248, after having dedicated her entire life to serving God and the poor, Margherita Colonna died.

In 1248 AD, the Epirus recognized the Nicaean Emperors, who then recaptured Constantinople in 1261 AD.

C. F. Temler interprets Peter, Bishop of Leon, as reporting the use of cannon in Seville in 1248.

It was the seat of the archbishops, who ruled the surrounding area and ( from 1248 to 1880 ) built the great Cologne Cathedral, with sacred relics that made it a destination for many worshippers.

Already in 1248, the Kammin bishops and the Pomeranian dukes had interchanged the terrae Stargard and Kolberg, leaving the bishops in charge of the latter.

During his first crusade in 1248, Louis was approached by envoys from Eljigidei, the Mongol ruler of Armenia and Persia.

The Mexica people arrived in the Valley of Mexico in 1248 AD.

In 1248, he sent his nephews Tautvilas and Edivydas, the sons of his brother Dausprungas, along with Vykintas, the Duke of Samogitia, to conquer Smolensk, but they were unsuccessful.

* 1248 – In the middle of the night a mass on the north side of Mont Granier suddenly collapsed, in one of the largest historical rockslope failures known in Europe.

* 1248 – Conquest of Seville by the Christian troops under King Ferdinand III of Castile.