Elizabeth bore Sir Thomas three sons, Henry ( who died in early infancy ), Francis ( born in 1540 and took the surname of Darrell ), and Edward, who was later executed for his part in the Wyatt's Rebellion of 1554, led by his legitimate half-brother, Sir Thomas Wyatt, the younger. Sir Thomas left Elizabeth properties in Dorset.

The last of them, Michel, had been in financial trouble almost all his life only to end in bankruptcy in 1554.

In exchange for being freed, and for his confirmation as Royal Governor, he agreed to relinquish her and to bring to Chile his wife, Marina Ortíz de Gaete, who only arrived after Valdivia's death in 1554.

In 1554, Jews were prohibited from owning dwelling houses in the town and suburbs, and in 1584 they were allowed to reside in the suburbs only.

Other important works were his commentaries on the customs of Paris ( Paris, 1539, 1554 ; Frankfort, 1575 ; Lausanne, 1576 ), valuable as the only commentary on those in force in 1510, and the Extricatio labyrinthi dividui et individui, a treatise on the law of surety.

In exchange for being freed, and his confirmation as Royal Governor, he was forced to relinquish her and to bring to Chile his wife, Marina Ortíz de Gaete, who only arrived after Valdivia's death in 1554.

From 1509 to 1554 they had ruled only in the south of Morocco.

From 1554 to 1852 there was a parliamentary borough of the same name, consisting only of the city of St Albans, which elected two MPs by the bloc vote system.

Their only child, Sebastian of Portugal, was born posthumously in 1554, a couple of weeks after John's death at the age of 16.

The painting portrays, erroneously in some regards, the moments preceding the death of Lady Jane Grey, who, on July 10, 1553 was proclaimed Queen of England, only to be deposed less than two weeks later and executed in 1554.

As a child, he was sent into the priesthood at Sōun Temple in Hakone, then sent as hostage to Takeda Shingen of the Takeda clan in the three-way alliance between Hōjō, Takeda, and Imagawa formed in 1554 ( though this last point is now in dispute, as it is told only in the Records of Ancient Battles of the Eight Kanto Provinces and recorded in none of the Takeda clan records.

For example, section XI of the Treason Act 1554 made King Philip II of Spain, the king consort of Mary I, regent in the event that Mary died and her heir was male and under 18, or an unmarried female under 15.

Surrey's son Thomas became heir to the Dukedom of Norfolk instead, inheriting it on the 3rd Duke's death in 1554.

From 1539, the heir to the throne was John, Prince of Portugal, who married Joan of Spain, daughter of Charles V. The sole son of John III to survive childhood, Prince John was sickly and died young ( of juvenile diabetes ), eighteen days before his wife gave birth to Prince Sebastian on 20 January 1554.

Lord Guildford Dudley ( also spelt Guilford ) ( c. 1535 – 12 February 1554 ) was the husband of Lady Jane Grey who, declared as his heir by King Edward VI, occupied the English throne from 6 / 10 July till 19 July 1553.

) – 21 October 1554 ) was an English nobleman and the heir of John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland, leading minister and de facto ruler under Edward VI of England from 1550 – 1553.

After the natural death of John, the eldest brother, in October 1554, Ambrose Dudley was the family's heir ; he remained longest in the Tower, being released late in 1554 after a plea by his wife, Lady Tailboys.

The name ' Sebastianism ' derives from King Sebastian of Portugal ( January 20, 1554-August 4, 1578 ), grandson of John III, who became heir to the throne due to the death of his father, João, Crown Prince of Portugal in 1554 two weeks before his birth, and who succeeded to the throne three years later.

# Tsarevich Ivan Ivanovich ( 28 March 1554 – 19 November 1582 ), heir of Ivan IV, murdered by his father

The death in 1554 of Prince John, the heir to the throne, drew from him, as from Camões, Bernardes and Caminha, a poetical lament, which consisted of an elegy and two eclogues, imitative of Virgil and Horace, and devoid of interest.

* Gerald FitzGerald, 11th Earl of Kildare ( 1525 – 1585 ), second son of the 9th Earl, was given a new creation in 1554 then restored to his brother's honours in 1569

* Gerald FitzGerald, 11th Earl of Kildare ( 1525 – 1585 ),, the " Wizard Earl ," second son of the 9th Earl, was given a new creation in 1554 then restored to his brother's honours in 1569

German physician Leonhart Fuchs ( 1501 – 1566 ) was one of " the three German fathers of botany ", along with Otto Brunfels ( 1489 – 1534 ) and Hieronymus Bock ( 1498 – 1554 ) ( also called Hieronymus Tragus ).

In January and February 1554, Wyatt's rebellion broke out ; it was soon suppressed.

George Frederick rebuilt the palace and fortress Plassenburg, which was destroyed after the second margravian war ( 1552 – 1554 ), as one of the most impressive residences of the renaissance in the German empire.

Cardano himself was accused of heresy in 1570 because he had computed and published the horoscope of Jesus in 1554.

This style, which had been in use since 1554, was replaced when Philip inherited the Spanish Crown in 1556 with " Philip and Mary, by the Grace of God King and Queen of England, Spain, France, both the Sicilies, Jerusalem and Ireland, Defenders of the Faith, Archdukes of Austria, Dukes of Burgundy, Milan and Brabant, Counts of Habsburg, Flanders and Tyrol ".

Piri Reis ( full name Hacı Ahmed Muhiddin Piri-Hadji Ahmed Muhiddin Piri, Ahmet ibn-i el-Haç Mehmet El Karamani ; Reis was a Turkish military rank akin to that of captain ) was an Ottoman admiral, geographer and cartographer born between 1465 and 1470, and died in 1554 or 1555.

When he refused to support the Ottoman Vali ( Governor ) of Basra, Kubad Pasha, in another campaign against the Portuguese in the northern Persian Gulf, Piri Reis was publicly beheaded in 1554 or 1555.

Pope Gregory XV ( 9 January or 15 January 1554 – 8 July 1623 ), born Alessandro Ludovisi, was pope from 1621, succeeding Pope Paul V on 9 February 1621.

In 1554, a settlement was signed which was to conclude Suleiman's Asian campaigns.

A city wall was built for the first time in 1554 to protect the town from raids by Japanese pirates.

Year 1554 ( MDLIV ) was a common year starting on Monday ( link will display the full calendar ) of the Julian calendar.

He was the first to print a paraphrased edition of Ptolemy's Tetrabiblos in Basel, 1554.

Much earlier, he had translated Calvin's catechism into Greek, which was printed in 1554 in his father's printing room.

* Arnold von Bruck ( c. 1500 – 1554 ) was Kapellmeister in Vienna for Archduke Ferdinand from 1527 to 1545.

It was built starting in 1385 and partly restored in 1554 ; the pavilions on the top of the towers date from the latter year.

Guildford Dudley was executed in February 1554.

Agricola was consecrated as the bishop of Turku ( Åbo ) in 1554, without papal approval.

His eldest son, Richard, Yeoman of the Wardrobe ( d. 1554 ), married Jane, daughter of William Heckington of Bourne, and was father of three daughters and the future Lord Burghley.

It was rumoured in December 1554 that Cecil would succeed Sir William Petre as Secretary of State, an office which, with his chancellorship of the Garter, he had lost on Mary's accession to the throne.

In 1554, Charing Cross was the site of the final battle of Wyatt's Rebellion.

* James Hamilton, Earl of Arran ( c. 1517 – 1575 ) ( from 8 February 1548, Duke of Châtelherault ) was Governor and Protector of the Kingdom ( 3 January 1543 – 12 April 1554 ) for Mary, Queen of Scots.

It was incorporated by charter of Edward IV ( 1468 ), confirmed in 1554, 1586, 1629 and 1684.

Another fair at the beginning of Lent was added in 1468, and a second market on Thursday, and fairs at Midsummer and on 21 September were added in 1554.