The first water-gate was built around 1580 by Cú Chonnacht Maguire, though subsequent lowering of the level of the lough has left it without water.

For the first time, a Treaty of Commerce was signed in 1580.

From 1580 until two years before his death, Oxford was the patron of a company of players.

In February 1577, it was rumoured that Oxford's sister Mary would marry Lord Gerald Fitzgerald ( 1559 – 1580 ), but by 2 July, she was linked with Peregrine Bertie, later Lord Willoughby d ' Eresby.

The specific cause is not known, but in January 1580 Oxford wrote and challenged Sidney ; by the end of the month Oxford was confined to his chambers, and was not released until early February.

The decade of the 1570s was difficult for him personally: he lost his brother, two of his sons, and his wife in three separate outbreaks of the plague ( 1572, 1575, and 1580, respectively ).

Prior to Montaigne's time, humanists such as Pico della Mirandola had argued that man was God's greatest creation, made in God's image and able to choose his own nature, but this view was subsequently challenged in Michel de Montaigne's Essais of 1580.

In 1580 Dowland went to Paris, where he was in service to Sir Henry Cobham, the ambassador to the French court, and his successor, Sir Edward Stafford.

In 1576 he was elected fellow of Pembroke College, Cambridge ; in 1580 he took orders and in 1581 was incorporated MA at Oxford.

With the decline of Portuguese power, especially during the period when the crown of Portugal was combined with the crown of Spain ( 1580 – 1640 ), the Portuguese coastal settlements were ignored and fell into a ruinous condition.

This gave rise to a charge of heresy, of which he was acquitted at the national synod held at Alençon in 1637, and presided over by Benjamin Basnage ( 1580 – 1652 ).

In 1580, the Protestant Reformation occurred in The Netherlands and the institutionalized Catholic Church was persecuted.

* The first influenza pandemic was recorded in 1580 and since then influenza pandemics occurred every 10 to 30 years.

By 1580, even men wore them, and a person with authority or wealth was often referred to as, " well-heeled ".

It was perhaps 40 % in Bornu ( 1580 – 1890 ).

Pierre Vernier ( 1580 – 1637 ) was inventor and eponym of the vernier scale used in measuring devices.

From there it spread to England, where Henry VIII owned, in an inventory of 1549, an agate cup with a " fote and Couer of siluer and guilt enbossed with Rebeske worke ", and William Herne or Heron, Serjeant Painter from 1572 to 1580, was paid for painting Elizabeth I's barge with " rebeske work ".

By 1580, men also wore them, and a person with authority or wealth was often referred to as, " well-heeled ".

Year 1580 ( MDLXXX ) was a leap year starting on Friday ( link will display the full calendar ) of the Julian calendar, and a leap year starting on Tuesday ( link will display the full calendar ) of the Proleptic Gregorian calendar.

Around 1580, when both the Theatre and the Curtain were full on summer days, the total theatre capacity of London was about 5000 spectators.

Thomas Phelippes ' forged cipher postscript to Mary, Queen of Scots ' letter to Anthony BabingtonIn about 1580, while travelling on the continent, he had met the arch-conspirator Thomas Morgan, and he was persuaded to courier letters to Mary while she was still being held by his former master, the Earl of Shrewsbury.

In August 1580, the Abbot Kōsa ( Kennyo ) was persuaded to surrender, ending the 11-year-long siege.

Between 1580 and 1640 the Crown of Portugal and the Crown of Spain were held by the same kings and therefore Casablanca and all other areas occupied by the Portuguese were under Spanish control, even though maintaining an autonomous Portuguese administration.

In the summer of 1580, Gabriel Harvey, apparently motivated by a desire to ingratiate himself with Leicester, satirized Oxford's love for things Italian in verses entitled Speculum Tuscanismi in Three Proper and Witty Familiar Letters.

He made multiple stops on his way toward the tip of Africa, eventually rounded the Cape of Good Hope, and reached Sierra Leone by 22 July 1580.

View of Maastricht, coloured engraving by Philippo Bellomonte, 1580 / 82

Mainstream scholar Irvin Matus demonstrated that Oxford sold the Bilton house in 1580, having previously rented it out, making it unlikely that Ben Jonson's 1623 poem would identify Oxford by referring to a property he once owned, but never lived in, and sold 43 years earlier.

Portugal's position in Europe suffered a major change in 1580 when the Kingdoms of Spain and Portugal were united by a personal union under King Philip, creating the Iberian Union which lasted until 1640.

* Charles I of Gonzaga-Nevers ( 1580 – 1637 ), Duke of Nevers and Mantua ( claim for the later supported by France )

Although named after Dutch astronomer Willebrord Snellius ( 1580 – 1626 ), the law was first accurately described by the Arab scientist Ibn Sahl at Baghdad court, when in 984 he used the law to derive lens shapes that focus light with no geometric aberrations in the manuscript On Burning Mirrors and Lenses ( 984 ).

1580 a small fort, Skansin, was built by the Faroese naval hero and trader Magnus Heinason at the north end of the harbour.

In the third phase of the former Portuguese nautical cartography, characterized by the abandonment of the influence of Ptolemy's representation of the East and more accuracy in the representation of lands and continents, stands out Fernão Vaz Dourado ( Goa ~ 1520-~ 1580 ), whose work has extraordinary quality and beauty, giving him a reputation as one of the best cartographers of the time.

A third branch in the condominium, the short-lived House of Haderslev, was already extinct in 1580 by the time of John the Elder.

The word was derived from the French word embarrasser, " to block " or " to obstruct ", or figuratively, " to put one in a difficult situation ".< sup > 6 </ sup > whose first recorded usage was by Michel de Montaigne in 1580.

A second ( and permanent ) settlement was established in 1580 by Juan de Garay, who arrived by sailing down the Paraná River from Asunción ( now the capital of Paraguay ).

Other possible sources are the anonymous play King Leir ( published in 1605 ); A Mirror for Magistrates ( 1574 ), by John Higgins ; The Malcontent ( 1604 ), by John Marston ; The London Prodigal ( 1605 ); Arcadia ( 1580 – 1590 ), by Sir Philip Sidney, from which Shakespeare took the main outline of the Gloucester subplot ; Montaigne's Essays, which were translated into English by John Florio in 1603 ; An Historical Description of Iland of Britaine, by William Harrison ; Remaines Concerning Britaine, by William Camden ( 1606 ); Albion's England, by William Warner, ( 1589 ); and A Declaration of egregious Popish Impostures, by Samuel Harsnett ( 1603 ), which provided some of the language used by Edgar while he feigns madness.

* 1580 – Thomas Middleton, English dramatist ( d. 1627 )

An English mural from 1580 with Circe changing the companions of Ulysses into animals

* John Young ( Regius Professor ) ( 1514 – 1580 ), English Catholic clergyman and academic

* 1580 – After a three-day siege, the English Army beheads over 600 Irish and Papal soldiers and civilians at Dún an Óir, Ireland.

They included " a pleasant conceit of Vere, earl of Oxford, discontented at the rising of a mean gentleman in the English court, circa 1580.

* January 24 – Samuel Argall, English adventurer and naval officer ( b. 1580 )

* November 17 – Thomas Ford, English composer ( b. c. 1580 )

* Sir Samuel Argall ( 1580 – 1626 ), former deputy governor of Virginia and current naval officer in the English navy

** Thomas Middleton, English playwright ( b. 1580 )

* June 21 – John Smith of Jamestown, English soldier and colonist ( b. 1580 )

* January 16 – John Digby, 1st Earl of Bristol, English diplomat ( b. 1580 )

** Thomas Tusser, English poet and farmer ( d. 1580 )

** John Heywood, English playwright ( d. 1580 )

As much as profit, English seapower was on his mind, and accordingly Leicester became a friend and leading supporter of Dom António, the exiled claimant to the Portuguese throne after 1580.

Thomas Middleton ( 1580 – 1627 ) was an English Jacobean playwright and poet.

Luís Vaz de Camões (; sometimes rendered in English as Camoens ; c. 1524 – 10 June 1580 ) is considered Portugal's and the Portuguese language's greatest poet.

Achates was an English galleon ( one of a squadron of six ships ) that took part in William Winter's campaign of 1580, against the Spanish who had occupied the fort at Smerwick, Ireland.

In the 17th century, the Portuguese lost almost all of their valuable Indian Ocean trade to the Dutch and the English who, taking advantage from the Spanish ruling over Portugal ( 1580 – 1640 ), occupied by force almost all Portuguese dominations in the area.

The first European visitors appear to have been English in 1580.

Sir John Smith ( c. January 1580 – 21 June 1631 ) Admiral of New England was an English soldier, explorer, and author.

English Recusant Writing, 1580 1603 ( Madison / London: Associated University Press, 1995 ).

* Sir Edward Seymour, 2nd Baronet ( c. 1580 – 1659 ), English MP

They are known as Old English, but this term came into use to describe them only in 1580, i. e., over four centuries after the first Normans arrived in Ireland.