From 1605 to 1612, he travelled extensively all over Japan in musha shugyō, a warrior pilgrimage during which he honed his skills with duels.

Only two Sultans in this period personally exercised strong political and military control of the Empire: the vigorous Murad IV ( 1612 – 1640 ) recaptured Yerevan ( 1635 ) and Baghdad ( 1639 ) from the Safavids and reasserted central authority, albeit during a brief majority reign.

According to one tradition, during the Dissolution of the Monasteries his body was thrown into the nearby River Soar, although other evidence suggests that a memorial stone was visible in 1612, in a garden built on the site of Greyfriars.

Later ( 1630 ) version of the 1612 map by Captain John Smith during his exploration of the Chesapeake.

The only sculptured monument on the square is a bronze statue of Kuzma Minin and Dmitry Pozharsky, who helped to clear Moscow from the Polish invaders in 1612, during the Times of Trouble.

The Beemster Polder was dried during the period 1609 through 1612.

The encyclopaedist and author Sir Thomas Browne wrote a short essay upon Athenaeus which reflects a revived interest in the Banquet of the Learned amongst scholars during the 17th century following its publication in 1612 by the Classical scholar Isaac Casaubon.

While a dissenter from its official Church was only faced with fines and imprisonment in Protestant England, six people were executed for heresy or blasphemy during the reign of Elizabeth I, and two more in 1612 under James I.

* Thomas Fairfax, 3rd Lord Fairfax of Cameron ( 1612 – 1671 ), a general and parliamentary commander-in-chief during the English Civil War

The Spur Royal, so called because the sun and rose on the reverse resemble a spur, was introduced during James I's second coinage ( 1604 – 1619 ) when it initially had a value of fifteen shillings ( 15 /-), but in line with all gold coins its value was raised by 10 % in 1612, to sixteen shillings and sixpence ( 16 / 6 ).

Ginza is named after the silver-coin mint established there in 1612 during the Edo period.

Ottoman Tripoli embraced many religious buildings, such as: al-Muallaq or " hanging " Mosque ( 1559 ), al-Tahhan Mosque ( early 17th century ), and al-Tawbah mosque ( Mamluk construction, destroyed by 1612 flood and restored during early Ottoman Period ).

A study of the development and background of his views on literary theory and criticism during the period from 1602 to 1612, Assen 1984

He lived during the Sengoku and early Edo periods and is most remembered for his death while battling Miyamoto Musashi in 1612.

While it is possible that his education may have been more extensive, it is only clear that Claris received a doctorate in civil law and canon law from the University of Barcelona, and studied the course during the period between 1604 and 1612.

Matoaka was taken prisoner by the colonists while she was on a social visit in 1612, when she was seventeen, and was held hostage at Jamestown for over a year, during which time she converted to Christianity and agreed to marry John Rolfe.

After the battle, Portugal rapidly captured key ports in the Indian Ocean like Goa, Ceylon, Malacca and Ormuz, crippling the Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt and the Gujarat Sultanate, greatly assisting the growth of the Portuguese Empire and setting its trade dominance for almost a century, until it was taken during the Dutch-Portuguese Wars and the Battle of Swally won by the British East India Company in 1612.

The cathedral suffered from many disasters in its history, including fires in 1518, 1547, 1682 and 1737, and looting under the armies of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth during the Time of Troubles in 1612.

* Sir Thomas Lyster-supported King Charles I during the English Civil War ( 1612 – 1655 )

* In 1612 during the reign of James I it increased to eleven shillings ( 11s ) or 132 pence.

On 23 July 1612 Chandos visited Spa for his health ; he had been there before during the Juliers campaign.

The foundation stone of this shrine was laid in 1612, during the reign of Jam Jasaji I and was completed in the year 1620.

Charles de Bourbon ( 3 November 1566 – 1 November 1612 ) was a French prince du sang and military commander during the struggles over religion and the throne in late 16th century France.

Charles de Soissons died at Blandy 1 November 1612, of puerperal fever according to Père Anselme, and was buried in the Soissons ' family tomb in the charterhouse of Gaillon, where his wife and son would also be buried ( The Chartreuse de Bourbon-lèz-Gaillon, built in 1562 one km from the Château de Gaillon by Charles, Cardinal de Bourbon, who was buried there, was sold during the French Revolution and demolished in 1834 ).

* 1552 – Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor ( d. 1612 )

Rudolf II ( July 18, 1552 – January 20, 1612 ) was Holy Roman Emperor ( 1576 – 1612 ), King of Hungary and Croatia ( 1572 – 1608 ), King of Bohemia ( 1575 – 1608 / 1611 ) and Archduke of Austria ( 1576 – 1608 ).

Rudolf died in 1612, nine months after he had been stripped of all effective power by his younger brother, except the empty title of Holy Roman Emperor, to which Matthias was elected five months later.

* July 18 – Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor ( d. 1612 )

* Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor ( 18 July 1552 – 20 January 1612 ).

In 1609, Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Bohemia ( 1576 – 1612 ), increased Protestant rights.

Matthias of Austria ( 24 February 1557 – 20 March 1619 ) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1612, King of Hungary and Croatia from 1608 ( as Matthias II ) and King of Bohemia from 1611.

* Imperial Noble Consort Wensu, later Empress Dowager Xiaojing ( 1565 – 1612 ), mother of Taichang Emperor.

At that time, the Czechs were able to take advantage of the struggle between two contenders to the imperial throne, and in 1609 they extracted a Letter of Majesty from Emperor Rudolf II ( 1576 – 1612 ) that promised toleration of the Czech Reformed Church, gave control of Charles University to the Czech estates, and made other concessions.

The Austrian Imperial Crown was originally the personal crown of Holy Roman Emperor Matthias II ( 1612 – 19 ) and has the form proper to that of a Holy Roman Emperor.

Since 1568, at the age of two, Isabella was promised to marry Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor ( 18 July 1552 – 20 January 1612 ), son of Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor, and Maria of Spain.

Yet his position was not solid because, as a member of the Yellow Banners, he was treated with suspicion by Dorgon ( 1612 – 1650 )–– the Prince Regent of the Shunzhi Emperor ( r. 1643 – 1661 )–– whose power base was in the White Banners.

Once governor of the Austrian Netherlands, he wrested power over Austria, Hungary and Moravia from his inept brother Emperor Rudolf II in 1608 and inherited the rest in 1612.

* Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor ( 1552 – 1612 )

* Matthias, 1595 – 1619, nephew, Holy Roman Emperor from 1612, with his younger brother

From 1438 to 1583 and from 1612 to 1806, it was the seat of the kings and emperors of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation, thereafter the seat of the Emperor of Austria until 1918.

* Vincent I ( ruled 1587 – 1612 ), son of William — his daughter, Eleonora ( 1598 – 1655 ) married Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor

After the accession of Rudolph's brother Emperor Matthias in 1612 a second route was established from Cologne via Frankfurt, Aschaffenburg and Nuremberg to the Bohemian lands, later also to Leipzig in Saxony and Hamburg.

On 22 September 1612 Captain Best decided to send an emissary to the Emperor asking for permission to trade and settle a factory at Surat.

Once governor of the Austrian Netherlands, he wrested power over Austria, Hungary and Moravia from his inept brother Emperor Rudolf II in 1608 and inherited the rest in 1612.

In 1612, after the election of Emperor Matthias the council rejected the Guild's request, to read out publicly the imperial privileges given to the city.