Charles Marie de La Condamine, seven months later, was able to give to the Académie française an account of Father Roman's voyage, and thus confirm the existence of this waterway, first reported by Father Acuña in 1639.

* August 20 – Sir Charles Sedley, 5th Baronet, English playwright ( b. 1639 )

When in 1639 a large Spanish transport fleet sought refuge in the English Downs moorage, Charles did not dare to protect it against a Dutch attack ; the resulting Battle of the Downs undermined both Spanish sea power and Charles's reputation.

Following a period of little distinguished activity in the 1630s, Essex served in the army of King Charles I during the first Scottish Bishops ' War in 1639.

He worked to bring about peace between the King and the Scots in 1639 and 1640, but when in the latter year the quarrel between Charles and the English parliament was renewed, he deserted the King who soon deprived him of his office of chamberlain.

* La Grange ( actor ), Charles Varlet de La Grange ( 1639 – 1692 ), French actor

** Charles Boyle, 3rd Viscount Dungarvan ( 1639 – 1694 )

In 1639, the town dug a canal from the Charles to a nearby brook that drained to the Neponset River.

The post was founded in 1663 by Henry Lucas, who was Cambridge University's Member of Parliament from 1639 – 1640, and was officially established by King Charles II on January 18, 1664.

Charles ' refusal to accept this led to the outbreak of the First Bishops ' War in 1639.

Sometime during the years 1639 – 40, Jacob Jordaens received the commission to create a series of works for Charles I of England through Balthazar Gerbier, the King's agent in Brussels, and Cesare Alessandro Scaglia, a diplomat residing in Antwerp.

In 1638 he became governor of Charles, Prince of Wales, and in 1639 a Privy Counsellor.

When the Scottish war ( 1639 – 1640 ) broke out he assisted King Charles I with a loan of £ 10, 000 and a troop of volunteer horse, consisting of 120 knights and gentlemen.

In 1639 he undertook to raise, arm, and provide 100 horse to attend upon King Charles I in his expedition into the north of England against the Scots.

* Charles Boyle, 3rd Viscount Dungarvan ( 1639 – 1694 ).

He felt it his duty to take part on the side of King Charles I as a volunteer under Robert Devereux, 3rd Earl of Essex in the Bishops ' Wars of 1639 against the Scots.

A veteran of 18 years ' experience, Captain Skippon returned to England in 1638, and on 23 October 1639 was recommended by Charles I of England for a command in the Honourable Artillery Company and he moved to London to take up this command.

* Charles Stewart, 3rd Duke of Richmond ( 1639 – 1672 ), brother of Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley

* Charles Boyle, 3rd Viscount Dungarvan ( 1639 – 1694 ), Irish politician

In its modern usage, the term was first used by King Charles of England in 1639.

* Charles Stewart, 3rd Duke of Richmond, 6th Duke of Lennox, 1st Earl of Lichfield ( 1639 – 1672 )

In 1639, Suckling assisted King Charles I in his first Scottish war.

Suckling raised a troop of a hundred horse, at a cost of £ 12, 000, and accompanied Charles on the Scottish expedition of 1639.

On 25 February 1639, aged 19, Cooper married Margaret Coventry, daughter of Thomas Coventry, 1st Baron Coventry, who was then serving as Lord Keeper of the Great Seal for Charles I.

In 1578, the Ottoman Empire conquered Meskheti, although it was not secure as part of the Ottoman Empire until 1639, when a treaty was signed and brought an end to Persian attempts to take the region.

Whilst the Dutch were unable in four attempts to capture Macau from where Portugal monopolised the lucrative China-Japan trade, the Japanese shogunate's increasing suspicion of the intentions of the Catholic Portuguese led to their expulsion in 1639.

In 1639, he became preacher at the court and councilor ( Konsistorialrat ) in Stuttgart, where he advocated a fundamental church reform.

* 1639 – John Spottiswoode, Scottish historian ( b. 1565 )

During the operations on the Scottish border in the Bishops ' Wars ( 1639 – 1640 ) he showed his skill and coolness in the dispositions by which he saved the English artillery at the Battle of Newburn ( 1640 ).

While contributing thirty horse to the Scottish expedition in 1638, and lending the king £ 10, 000 in 1639, he gave no support to the forced loan levied upon the city in the latter year.

** Henry Adamson, Scottish poet and historian ( died 1639 )

It was only after the financial disaster of the Scottish Bishops ' Wars ( 1639 – 1640 ) that he was forced to recall Parliament so that they could authorise new taxes.

In July 1639, he was a commissioner at the treaty negotiations held at Berwick after the First Bishops ' War ; the following year he was one of the Scottish commissioners sent to London to negotiate with the King.

In 1639 Scotland was divided between the Presbyterianism of the Lords of the Congregation, and the Episcopalianism favoured by King Charles I. James Hamilton, 3rd marquess of Hamilton, the King's advisor on all things Scottish, was sent north to enforce the King's will, he had previously dissolved the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland when they had abolished the Episcopacy.

The Wars included the Bishops ' Wars of 1639 and 1640, the Scottish Civil War of 1644 – 45 ; the Irish Rebellion of 1641, Confederate Ireland, 1642 – 49 and the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland in 1649 ( collectively the Eleven years war or Irish Confederate Wars ); and the First, Second and Third English Civil Wars of 1642 – 46, 1648 – 49 and 1650 – 51.

This situation became explosive in 1639 when Wentworth offered the Irish Catholics the reforms they had desired in return for them raising and paying for an Irish army to put down the Scottish rebellion.

In 1639, however, he appears as a royalist going to the Scottish War in the train of Charles I.

* Sir Robert Preston ( Scottish nobleman ), ( died 1639 )

In Scotland itself, from 1644 – 45 a Scottish civil war was fought between Scottish Royalists — supporters of Charles I — under James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose, and the Covenanters, who had controlled Scotland since 1639 and allied with the English Parliament.

This was originally 2 Scottish shillings per ton for Scottish ships ( equivalent to two pence sterling ) and twice this amount for non-local shipping per voyage, but was reduced to 1 shilling and sixpence, and three shillings respectively in 1639 with some shipping entirely exempt during the summer.

General William Baillie, was a Scottish professional soldier who commanded a regiment under Gustavus Adolphus in Sweden before returning to Scotland in 1639.

He is from Scottish and English ancestry, since his ancestors immigrated to America in 1639.

* James Wedderburn ( bishop ) ( 1585 – 1639 ), Scottish prelate

In 1639, on the outbreak of the Scottish war, he initiated a scheme of raising a force in Ireland to attack Argyll in Scotland and recover Kintyre ( or Cantire ), a district formerly possessed by his family ; but the plan, discouraged and ridiculed by Strafford, miscarried ( Strafford's Letters, ii.