He studied languages and philosophy in Franeker, and joined the West India Company about 1635, and was director of the Dutch West India Company's colony of Curaçao from 1642 to 1644.

On the outbreak of the Civil War, he joined the parliamentary army, fighting at the Battle of Edgehill in October 1642, and at the Battle of Gainsborough in July 1643.

The influence of his father-in-law, who was afterwards admiral on the side of the parliament, drew Mandeville to the popular side in the questions in dispute with the crown, and at the beginning of the Long Parliament he was one of the recognized leaders of the popular party in the Upper House, his name being joined with those of the five members of the House of Commons impeached by the king in 1642.

After a campaign of uninterrupted success, Enghien returned to Paris in triumph, and tried to forget his enforced and hateful marriage with a series of affairs ( after Richelieu's death in 1642 he would unsuccessfully seek annulment of his marriage in hopes of marrying Mlle du Vigean, until she joined the order of the Carmelites in 1647 ).

In 1642 he joined the Marquess of Hertford at Sherborne, and was sent into Cornwall with the rank of commissary-general to act under Sir Ralph Hopton as lieutenant-general.

In 1642 he joined the king's army, under Sir John Biron.

In 1642 he joined the Parliamentarian army, and served as quartermaster under John Lambert until 1650.

In 1642, the VOC joined the Dutch West Indies Company in organizing an expedition to Chile to establish a base for trading gold at the abandoned ruins of Valdivia.

He was Lord Lieutenant of Buckinghamshire for the parliamentarians between 1641 and 1642, when he joined the Royalists and was dismissed.

In the following session he opposed the militia bill and the Grand Remonstrance, and finally on 2 January 1642 he joined the party of King Charles I, taking office as Chancellor of the Exchequer.

In time he joined the service of the King of Spain, and was killed in action when his ship engaged a French vessel in August or September 1642 and caught fire.

In the House of Commons, he joined the popular party, spoke in favour of the proposed bill of attainder against Strafford, and in 1642 was a member of the committee of safety.

At the outbreak of the English Civil War in 1642, he joined the Parliamentary Army under Oliver Cromwell.

Shortly after the start of the Civil War he " disabled " from sitting in the Long Parliament because he joined the Royalist cause, he raised six regiments of horse and foot soldiers at his own expense, and took part in the battles of Edgehill and Brentford ( both in 1642 ), Newbury ( 1643 ), Selby ( 1644 ) and Naseby ( 1645 ), as well as the sieges of Reading ( 1643 ), Bristol and Newark — being wounded several times.

The two friars arrived in the Province of Fujian, on mainland China, in March 1642, where they joined a fellow Dominican who had survived an earlier period of persecution.

Finally, in April 1642, he joined his forces with Torstenson's Army and took part in the Second Battle of Breitenfeld ( also known as the First Battle of Leipzig ), where he was seriously wounded.

When the Civil War broke out in 1642, Mews joined the Royalist army, and, having been made a captain, was taken prisoner at Naseby ; but he was soon released and in 1648 sought refuge in Holland.

Shortly afterwards he joined the household of the Marquis de los Vélez, Viceroy of Valencia, and published in quick succession three clever picaresque novels: La Niña de los embustes, Teresa de Manzanares ( 1634 ), Las Aventuras del Bachiller Trapaza ( 1637 ), and a continuation entitled La garduña de Sevilla y anzuelo de las bolsas ( 1642 ).

The next month, he joined Robert Devereux, 3rd Earl of Essex and fought with the Parliamentarians in the Battle of Edgehill on 23 October 1642.

Early in 1642, Dorset joined the king at York, and pledged himself to support a troop of sixty horse.

On the outbreak of the First English Civil War in 1642, d ' Ewes joined the Parliamentarians.

Having joined King Charles I at Nottingham in 1642, he fought at the Battle of Edgehill, at the Battle of Newbury and elsewhere during the English Civil War ; in 1644, just after the Battle of Marston Moor, the Scots Parliament declared he had forfeited his earldom, and, following the lines laid down when this was regranted in 1642, it was given to John Lindsay, 1st Earl of Lindsay.

When, however, the popular party proceeded to more extreme measures, Francis Seymour refused his support, and was rewarded by being raised to the peerage ; he voted in the House of Lords against the attainder of Strafford, and in 1642 he joined Charles at York and fought on the royalist side throughout the Great Rebellion.

* 1642 – First English Civil War: Battle of Turnham Green – the Royalist forces withdraw in the face of the Parliamentarian army and fail to take London.

The New England preacher Hugh Peters gave the militia a rousing farewell sermon " when their wives and children should ask them where they had been and what news, they should say they had been at Worcester, where England's sorrows began, and where they were happily ended ", referring to the first clash of the Royalist and Parliamentarian Armies at the Battle of Powick Bridge on 23 September 1642, almost exactly nine years before.

With the start of the English Civil War in 1642 he became the first Captain-General and Chief Commander of the Parliamentarian army, also known as the Roundheads.

Robert Greville was a Parliamentarian, and on 7 August 1642 a Royalist force laid siege to the castle.

In the English Civil War between 1642 to 1648 Ludlow was a Royalist stronghold and was besieged by Parliamentarian forces but negotiated a surrender, avoiding damage and slighting.

The town played a large part in the English Civil War when it became a stronghold for the Parliamentarian forces, like many market towns a nursing-ground of Puritan sentiment and in 1642 the Battle of Aylesbury was fought and won by the Parliamentarians.

During the English Civil War it was held for the king but then taken by a Parliamentarian trick without a shot being fired ( hence it avoided being ravaged and survives far better than most castles ) in 1642.

His father, Charles I, had been captured and executed in the English Civil War ( 1642 – 1651 ) by the Puritan-led Parliamentarian government of Oliver Cromwell.

In August 1642, a consignment of arms and money, probably raised by Queen Henrietta Maria, in the Netherlands for the support of King Charles I's campaign in the Civil War, was forced into Skegness by the ships of the Parliamentarian Earl of Warwick.

During the first English civil war ( 1642 – 1645 ) Gloucester was a Parliamentarian stronghold of some strategic importance.

Being between Royalist Oxford and Parliamentarian London the village is mentioned no less than twelve times in the journal of Scoutmaster General Sir Samuel Luke between 1643 and 1644, and on two occasions ( on 5 December 1642 and 17 June 1643 ) skirmishes broke out when both sides arrived at the village together.

The outbreak of the English Civil Wars in 1642 saw Birmingham emerge as a symbol of puritan and Parliamentarian radicalism, with the Royalist Earl of Clarendon's History of the Rebellion and Civil Wars in England condemning the town as being " of as great fame for hearty, wilful, affected dis-loyalty to the king, as any place in England ".

The arrival of 400 armed men from Birmingham was decisive in securing Coventry's refusal to admit Charles I in August 1642, which established Warwickshire as a Parliamentarian stronghold.

At 11am on Tuesday 7 December 1642 the Battle of Tadcaster, an incident during the English Civil War, took place on and around Tadcaster Bridge between Sir Thomas Fairfax's Parliamentarian forces and the Sir Thomans Glemham Royalist army.

These were: the Royalists loyal to King Charles, the Scottish Covenanters ( sent into Ulster in 1642 to protect Protestant planters after the massacres that marked the Irish rebellion of 1641 in that region ), the Parliamentarian army and the Irish Confederate army, to whom most of the inhabitants of Ireland gave their allegiance.

After the failure of Parliamentarian forces to gain a conclusive victory at the Battle of Edgehill in 1642, the Royalist armies had advanced on London, capturing Banbury, Oxford and Reading without conflict.

In October 1642 Parliamentarian troops on the way to the battle of Edge Hill tried to pull down an ancient cross in Willoughby but were dissuaded by the Vicar.

The battle of Edge Hill was fought on Sunday 23 October 1642 and was the first major battle in the English Civil War between the Royalist forces of King Charles I and the Parliamentarian army commanded by the Earl of Essex.

* William Paget, 5th Baron Paget 1641 – 1642 ( Parliamentarian Lieutenant )

* Philip Wharton, 4th Baron Wharton 1642 ( Parliamentarian Lieutenant )

In 1642, during the English Civil War, the church was bombarded by Parliamentarian forces.

* William Russell, 1st Duke of Bedford 25 March 1642 – 23 August 1643 ( Parliamentarian )

The first battle was a minor royalist victory on December 9, 1642, when a small Royalist force put to flight a smaller Parliamentarian force.