The Commonwealth ( 1649 – 53 ) was founded on the execution of Charles I in 1649, and was followed by the two Protectorates of Oliver Cromwell ( 1653 – 58 ), and his son Richard Cromwell the first ( 1658 – 59 ).

Smit's 1653 expedition and a separate expedition of five ships were quite successful, but Smit's third found his two vessels captured for a loss of 32, 000 rigsdaler.

One or two remain: the Tichelaar factory in Makkum, Friesland, founded in 1594 and De Koninklijke Porceleyne Fles (" The Royal Porcelain Bottle ") founded in 1653.

In Italy, spadone, or longsword, instruction lingered on in spite of the popularity of the rapier, at least into the mid-17th century ( Alfieri's Lo Spadone of 1653 ), with a late treatise of the " two handed sword " by one Giuseppe Colombani, a dentist in Venice dating to 1711.

In August 1653 another debate took place in Parliament, lasting two days, in which a paper titled " Observations concerning the Court of Chancery " was circulated ; this concerned the costs, workings, and officers of the Court.

Nevertheless Lawes continued his work as a composer, and the famous collection of his vocal pieces, Ayres and Dialogues for One, Two and Three Voyces, was published in 1653 and followed by two other books under the same title in 1655 and 1658 respectively.

The earliest English poetical treatise on Angling by John Dennys, said to have been a fishing companion of Shakespeare, was published in 1613, The Secrets of Angling, of which 6 verses were quoted in the better known book Izaak Walton's Compleat Angler ( 1653 ), of which the latter two chapters were actually written by his friend Charles Cotton, and described the fishing in the Derbyshire Wye.

* was a 48-gun ship launched in 1653, completely rebuilt in 1693, captured by the French in April 1709, recaptured two weeks later and sunk.

On 28 April 1653 the Great Fire of Marlborough started in a tanner's yard and spread quickly eventually after four hours burning the Guildhall, St Mary ’ s Church the County Armoury, and two hundred and forty four houses to the ground.

Cromwell later convened a parliament of religious radicals in 1653, commonly known as the Barebone's Parliament, followed by the unicameral First Protectorate Parliament that sat from September 1654 to January 1655 and the Second Protectorate Parliament that sat in two sessions between 1656 and 1658, the first session was unicameral and the second session was bicameral.

There are two domestic churches of the Metropolitans and Patriarchs of Moscow, the Church of the Twelve Apostles ( 1653 – 56 ) and the exquisite one-domed Church of the Deposition of the Virgin's Robe, built by Pskov artisans over the years 1484 – 88 and featuring superb icons and frescoes from 1627 and 1644.

It lasted until 1653 in its two main phases: the Fronde Parlementaire ( 1648 – 1649 ) and the Fronde des nobles ( 1650 – 1653 ).

Starting in the early 1650s, he began selling and leasing his property to Dutch colonists, among them Jacob Haie ( Hay ) in 1653, who built a home in northern Greenpoint that was burned down by Indians two years later .< sup ></ sup > The Hay property and other holdings came into the possession of Pieter Praa, a captain in the local militia, who established a farm near present day Freeman Street and McGuinness Boulevard, and went on to own most of Greenpoint.

When Dunster abandoned the Puritan view of infant baptism in favor of believer's baptism in 1653 / 54, he provoked a controversy that highlighted two distinct approaches to dealing with dissent in the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

The two best-known herbals in English were The Herball or General History of Plants ( 1597 ) by John Gerard and The English Physician Enlarged ( 1653 ) by Nicholas Culpeper.

The huge iconostasis dates from 1547, but its two highest tiers are later additions from 1626 and 1653 / 1654 under Patriarch Nikon.

David Cordingly relates that Willem the Elder fathered two children out of wedlock in 1653, one “ by his maidservant, and the other by her friend.

Henry Marten ( 1602 – 9 September 1680 ) was an English lawyer and politician who sat in the House of Commons in two periods between 1640 and 1653.

In 1653 Philipp Wilhelm was married to Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt, with whom he had 17 children, including the next two Palatine Electors, John William and Charles III Philip but also Elector-Archbishop Franz Ludwig von Pfalz-Neuburg.

Anderson wrote two books, Reports of Many Principal Cases Argued and Adjudged in the Time of Queen Elizabeth, in the Common Bench 1644 and Resolutions and Judgments on the Cases and Matters Agitated in All the Courts of Westminster, in the latter end of the reign of Queen Elizabeth 1653, which are still today very influential legal references.

In 1653 Henry married Elizabeth ( died 1687 ), daughter of Sir Francis Russell, 2nd Baronet, who went on to bear him five sons and two daughters.

He became friendly with King Charles I's secretary, Sir Edward Nicholas, and being skilful at disguising himself was very useful to the Royalists during the rule of Oliver Cromwell, undertaking two journeys to Scotland in 1653.

According to A. Piron, Du Service des Postes ( 1838 ), in 1758 he established a new postal system at Paris charging two sols for a single letter under one ounce, replacing the earlier postal system established in 1653 by Renouard de Velayer.

The Battle of Scheveningen of 1653: episode from the First Anglo-Dutch War.

A costume design for Louis XIV as The Rising Sun, from the final entrée of Le Ballet de la Nuit ( 1653 ).

The Commonwealth of England was the official name of the political unit ( de facto military rule in the name of parliamentary supremacy ) that replaced the kingdoms of Scotland and England ( after the English Civil War ) from 1649 to 1653 and 1659 to 1660.

A gold Unite ( English coin ) | Unite from 1653.

This assembly, which met from July until December 1653, was the high water mark of Fifth Monarchist influence on national politics.

Frankfurt regularly served as the site of the election from the fifteenth century on, but elections were also held at Cologne ( 1531 ), Regensburg ( 1575 and 1636 ), and Augsburg ( 1653 and 1690 ).

* 1653 – At the Coonan Cross Oath, the Eastern Church in India cuts itself off from colonial Portuguese tutelage.

The Long Parliament which Oliver Cromwell had dispersed in 1653 was once more summoned to assemble, by a declaration from the council of officers dated on 6 May 1659.

Arcangelo Corelli ( 1653 – 1713 ) was considered a pioneer in transforming the violin from an ensemble instrument to a solo instrument.

Hammond wrote his own preterist exposition in 1653, borrowing extensively from Grotius.

Under Johan Björnsson Printz, governor from 1643 to 1653, the company expanded along the river from Fort Christina, establishing Fort Nya Elfsborg on the east bank of the Delaware near present-day Salem, New Jersey and Fort Nya Gothenborg on Tinicum Island ( to the immediate southwest of today's Philadelphia ), where he also built his manor house, The Printzhof.

* Georg Muffat ( 1653 – 1704 ) was Kapellmeister to the bishop of Passau from 1690 to his death.

* Agostino Steffani ( 1653 – 1728 ) was Kapellmeister from 1688 to 1698 at the court of Hanover.

There was an earlier Charles County from 1650 to 1653, sometimes referred to in historic documents as Old Charles County.

In February 1653, Adriaan Pauw responded favourably, sending a letter from the States of Holland indicating their sincere desire to reach a peace agreement.

Blake, recovering from an injury, rethought, together with George Monck, the whole system of naval tactics, and after the winter of 1653 used the line of battle, first to drive the Dutch navy out of the English Channel in the Battle of Portland and then out of the North Sea in the Battle of the Gabbard.

By the time Mazarin returned from his second and last exile in February 1653, Thomas, who accompanied the court to St Denis to welcome the Cardinal home, was insignificant again-an analysis of Mazarin's close colleagues at this time by the later historian Chéruel made no mention of him.

By the time Mazarin returned from his second and last exile in February 1653, Thomas, who accompanied the court to St Denis to welcome the Cardinal home, was insignificant again-an analysis of Mazarin's close colleagues at this time by the later historian Chéruel made no mention of him.

Ishbel Addyman claims that he was not a Gascogne aristocrat, but a descendant of Sardinian fishmonger, that the Bergerac appellation stemmed from a small estate near Paris where he was born, and not in Gascogne, that he suffered tertiary syphilis, and that around 1640 he became the lover of Charles Coypeau d ' Assoucy, a writer and musician, until around 1653, when they became engaged in a bitter rivalry.

As originally established by the House of Burgesses from Northumberland County, Virginia in 1653, the territory of Westmoreland County encompassed much of what later become the various counties and cities of Northern Virginia, including the city of Alexandria, Arlington County, Fairfax County, and Prince William County.

* 1653: Petitions were lodged to try to stop the Duke of Northumberland's River from being reopened.