In 1679 Pope Innocent XI publicly condemned sixty-five casuist propositions, taken chiefly from the writings of Escobar, Suárez and others, mostly Jesuit, theologians as propositiones laxorum moralistarum and forbade anyone to teach them under penalty of excommunication.

He was appointed bishop of Cahors in March 1679 but served only briefly before Pope Innocent XI ordered him transferred in 1680 to head the diocese of Châlons-sur-Marne, which made him a peer of France.

In 1679, Pope Innocent XI publicly condemned sixty-five propositions taken chiefly from the writings of Escobar, Suarez and other casuists ( mostly Jesuit casuists, who had been heavily attacked by Pascal in his Provincial Letters ) as propositiones laxorum moralistarum ( propositions of lax moralists ) and " at least scandalous and in practice dangerous ," and forbade anyone to teach them under penalty of excommunication.

Some of the members identified themselves with the Jansenist cause ; but the bulk, including nearly all the greatest names, pursued a middle path, opposing the lax moral theology condemned in 1679 by Pope Innocent XI, and adhering to those strong views on grace and predestination associated with the Augustinian and Thomist schools of Roman Catholic theology ; and like all the theological faculties and schools on French soil, they were bound to teach the four Gallican articles.

In 1679 Pope Innocent XI publicly condemned sixty-five propositions, taken chiefly from the writings of Escobar, Suarez and other casuists as propositiones laxorum moralistarum and forbade anyone to teach them under penalty of excommunication.

On the other hand, Pascal's denunciation of Jesuit casuistry and its " relaxed morality " also led Innocent XI to condemn ( in 1679 ) sixty-five propositions which were taken chiefly from the writings of the Jesuits Escobar and Suarez.

In 1679, Louis XIV of France dictated the terms of a general pacification, and Charles XI, who is said to have bitterly resented " the insufferable tutelage " of the French king, was forced at last to acquiesce in a peace that managed to leave his empire practically intact.

In 1679 he publicly condemned sixty-five propositions, taken chiefly from the writings of Escobar, Suarez and other casuists ( mostly Jesuit casuists, who had been heavily attacked by Pascal in his Provincial Letters ) as propositiones laxorum moralistarum and forbade anyone to teach them under penalty of excommunication.

The city of Boston, Massachusetts, established America's first publicly funded paid fire department in 1679.

The defeat of militant Covenanters in battle at Drumclog and Bothwell Bridge in 1679 was followed by further expressions of dissent, such as the 1680 Sanquhar Declaration, read publicly in Sanquhar by the Reverend Richard Cameron, renouncing all allegiance to the Crown and opposing the succession of James, Duke of York.

Henri de Roy ( Henricus Regius, 1598 – 1679 ), Professor of Medicine at the University of Utrecht, was condemned by the Rector of the University, Gijsbert Voet ( Voetius ), for teaching Descartes's physics.

The Roman Congregation of the Index condemned his Catéchisme historique ( 1679 ) and the Institution du droit ecclésiastique ( 1687 ).

Just a few years later ( 1665 – 66, and then 1679 ), Alexander condemned " laxity " in the church and ordered a revision of casuistical texts.

The new WIC had a capital that was slightly more than 6 million guilders around 1679, which was largely supplied by the Amsterdam Chamber.

At the same time, Austria was becoming more involved in competition with France in Western Europe, with Austria fighting the French in the Third Dutch War ( 1672 – 1679 ), the War of the League of Augsburg ( 1688 – 1697 ) and finally the War of the Spanish Succession ( 1701 – 1714 ), in which the French and Austrians ( along with their British, Dutch and Catalonian allies ) fought over the inheritance of the vast territories of the Spanish Habsburgs.

The first known mention of the name ' viol d ' amore ' appeared in John Evelyn's Diary ( 20 November 1679 ): " for its swetenesse & novelty the Viol d ' Amore of 5 wyre-strings, plaid on with a bow, being but an ordinary violin, play'd on Lyra way by a German, than which I never heard a sweeter Instrument or more surprizing ..."

The Habeas Corpus Act 1679 states, " A Magistrate shall discharge prisoners from their Imprisonment taking their Recognizance, with one or more Surety or Sureties, in any Sum according to the Magistrate's discretion, unless it shall appear that the Party is committed for such Matter or offences for which by law the Prisoner is not bailable.

Further editions appeared in his lifetime ( 1670 and 1679 ), with the fourth edition ( 1706 ) appearing just after his death and featuring the engraving of Evelyn shown on this page even though it had been made more than 50 years prior by Robert Nanteuil in 1651 in Paris.

At that university he graduated in May 1727, undertaking successfully in his thesis to prove that the so-called salivary duct, claimed as a recent discovery by Georg Daniel Coschwitz ( 1679 – 1729 ), was nothing more than a blood-vessel.

It would have been more, but a large part of Ashmole's own collection, destined for the museum, including antiquities, books, manuscripts, prints, and 9000 coins and medals, was destroyed in a disastrous fire in the Middle Temple on 26 January 1679.

Even more Cossacks moved to the area during the Khmelnytsky Uprising ( 1648 – 1657 ) and the internecine wars in the Cossack Hetmanate ( 1659 – 1679 ).

) possesses more than a hundred of these charming compositions, some of which were published at Munich in 1679.

Charles dissolved the Cavalier Parliament, but the new Parliament which assembled on 6 March 1679 was even more hostile to the king and to his unfortunate minister, thus Danby was committed to the Tower of London.

In 1679, the regiment once more confronted the Covenanters in battle, at Bothwell Brig, which also ended in a defeat for the Covenanters.

Thomas Dangerfield supplied the court with a list of forty-eight members of the Green Ribbon Club in 1679 ; and although Dangerfield's numerous perjuries make his unsupported evidence worthless, it receives confirmation as regards several names from a list given to James II by Nathan Wade in 1685 ( Harleian manuscripts 1845 ), while a number of more eminent personages are mentioned in The Cabal, a satire published in 1680, as also frequenting the club.

In 2009, Birdlife. org set the number of individuals of the Flightless Cormorant at only 900 individuals, although a more recent estimate in 2011 was 1679 individuals.

In 1679 he published a star map ; in addition to the 48 constellations of Ptolemy, and the additions of more recent astronomers such as Plancius, he added two constellations of his own, in honour of his patron, Louis XIV ; Lilium ( the Lily, representing the emblem of France ) and Sceptrum et Manus Iustitiae ( the Sceptre and the Hand of Justice, depicting the regal symbols ).

The second folio of 1679 added 18 more, for a total of 53.

The sculptor and painter Ignaz Stern ( 1679 – 1748 ) also has the grasshopper thinly clad and shivering in the paired statues he produced under the title of the fable, while the jovial ant is more warmly dressed.

Restorations, at first in stucco, were remade in 1679 by Giuseppe Giorgetti and Lorenzo Ottoni, who enabled the antique left leg to be reaffixed and provided the elaborate supporting structure that is illustrated in Paolo Alessandro Maffei's Raccolta di statue ( 1704 ); in the eighteenth century the right leg was again restored in marble, and once more by Pacetti in 1799.

Such was Louis Bourguet ( 1678 – 1743 ), who, besides his geological works, founded two periodicals which in different ways did much to stimulate the intellectual life of the Suisse Romande ; these were the Bibliothèque italique ( 1729 – 1734 ), which aimed at making more widely known the results of Italian research, and the Mercure suisse which, first issued in 1732, lasted till 1784, under different names ( rom 1738 onwards the literary section bore the name of Journée helvetique ), and secured contributions from most of the leading writers of the Suisse Romande of the day, such as Firmin Abauzit ( 1679 – 1767 ), Abraham Ruchat ( 1678 – 1750 ), and others.

In the 25 cast lists added to plays in the second Beaumont and Fletcher folio of 1679, Lowin's name is mentioned in the lists for 21 dramas, more than any other single actor:

The production at Rome of his opera Gli Equivoci nell sembiante ( 1679 ) gained him the support of Queen Christina of Sweden ( who at the time was living in Rome ), and he became her Maestro di Cappella.

This idea was already rejected as untenable by John Calvin ( 1509 – 1564 ), and by the time of Thomas Hobbes ( 1588 – 1679 ) it was recognised that the book must have been written much later than the period it depicted.

Notable late-classical deists include Peter Annet ( 1693 – 1769 ), Thomas Chubb ( 1679 – 1747 ), Thomas Morgan (?– 1743 ), and Conyers Middleton ( 1683 – 1750 ).

* Otto of Limburg ( died 1679 ), German nobility

In a 2005 speech, Lord Woolf described it as " first of a series of instruments that now are recognised as having a special constitutional status ", the others being the Habeas Corpus Act ( 1679 ), the Petition of Right ( 1628 ), the Bill of Rights ( 1689 ), and the Act of Settlement ( 1701 ).

In that year the Farnese pope, Paul III, detached Parma and Piacenza from the Papal States and gave them as a duchy for his illegitimate son, Pier Luigi Farnese, whose descendants ruled in Parma until 1731, when Antonio Farnese ( 1679 – 1731 ), last male of the Farnese line, died.

* Francesco Barberini ( 1597 – 1679 ), secretary of the Inquisition 1633-79

A recent critic, who is a legal as well as a literary scholar, argues that Old Mortality not only reflects the evolution of Scottish nationalism but also invokes a foundational moment in British sovereignty, namely, the Act of Habeas corpus ( also known as the Great Writ ), passed by the English Parliament in 1679.

* Pietro Filippo Scarlatti ( 1679 – 1750 ), Baroque composer, organist and choirmaster, son of Alessandro Scarlatti

Later editions are those published at Oxford ( 1679 ), at Zeitz and Jena, edited by Cellarius, with annotations of his own and others ( 1679, 1713, 1729 ).

* Francesco Barberini, seniore of Florence ( 1597 – 1679 ), Cardinal and diplomat

* Joost van den Vondel of the Netherlands ( 1587 – 1679 ), writer and playwright

Other Rococo painters include: Jean François de Troy ( 1679 – 1752 ), Jean-Baptiste van Loo ( 1685 – 1745 ), his two sons Louis-Michel van Loo ( 1707 – 1771 ) and Charles-Amédée-Philippe van Loo ( 1719 – 1795 ), his younger brother Charles-André van Loo ( 1705 – 1765 ), and Nicolas Lancret ( 1690 – 1743 ).