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1683 and Society
* 1683 – Antonie van Leeuwenhoek writes a letter to the Royal Society describing " animalcules ": the first known description of protozoa.
In 1683, William Penn signed a treaty with the local chief and parceled the land to the Free Society of Traders.
In 1683 he communicated to the Royal Society ( Phil.
* The Biddle Family Papers, documenting the personal, professional and social life of members of the Biddle family from 1683 – 1954, are available for research use at the Historical Society of Pennsylvania.
He was an original member of the Royal Society and served as President from 1683 – 1684.
John Theophilus Desaguliers (;, ; 12 March 1683 – 29 February 1744 ) was a French-born British natural philosopher who was a member of the Royal Society of London beginning 29 July 1714.
Meanwhile, in October 1683 he founded the Dublin Philosophical Society along the lines of the Royal Society ( of which Molyneux became a fellow in 1685 ), and became its first Secretary .< ref >
* Donaldson, Gordon, ed., The Memoirs of Sir James Melville of Halhill, Folio Society, London ( 1969 ), edited from George Scott ( 1683 )
The diarist and Fellow of the Royal Society John Evelyn records the formal yet festive drinking of a yard of ale toast to James II at Bromley in Kent, 1683.

1683 and Suriname
In 1683 Suriname was sold to the Dutch West India Company.

1683 and was
* Queen Caroline, consort of King George II of Great Britain was born in Ansbach in 1683.
The first to use pound locks was the Briare Canal connecting the Loire and Seine ( 1642 ), followed by the more ambitious Canal du Midi ( 1683 ) connecting the Atlantic to the Mediterranean.
In 1683, the Qing staged an amphibious assault on southern Taiwan, bringing down the rebel Grand Duchy of Tungning, which was founded by the Ming loyalist Koxinga in 1662 after the fall of the Southern Ming, and had served as a base for continued Ming resistance in Southern China.
By May 1683 the Ottoman threat to Emperor Leopold I's capital, Vienna, was very real.
The War of the Reunions broke out ( 1683 – 1684 ), and again Spain, with its ally the Holy Roman Empire, was easily defeated.
His first printed composition, Twelve Sonatas, was published in 1683.
Locke fled to the Netherlands in 1683, under strong suspicion of involvement in the Rye House Plot, although there is little evidence to suggest that he was directly involved in the scheme.
The law, originally conceived by French Finance Minister Jean-Baptiste Colbert prior to his death in 1683, was finalized by his son the Marquis de Seignelay and presented to the King for his signature in 1685.
This French mercantilism was best articulated by Jean-Baptiste Colbert ( in office, 1665 – 1683 ), though policy liberalised greatly under Napoleon.
Innocent was an enthusiastic initiator of the Holy League which brought together the German Estates and King John III of Poland who in 1683 hastened to the relief of Vienna which was being besieged by the Turks.
Before the Province of New York was granted county subdivisions and a greater royal presence in 1683, the early ducal colony consisted of York Shire, as well as Albany and Ulster, after the three titles held by Prince James: Duke of York, Duke of Albany, Earl of Ulster.
On retreating from the town Piccolomini's troops set fire to Üsküb, perhaps in order to stamp out the plague, although some say this was done in order to avenge the 1683 Ottoman siege of Vienna.
( But this was hardly a new idea ; Roger Williams ( 1603 – 1683 ), the Puritan-turned-Baptist founder of Rhode Island, had established such a wall at the state level about a century before Jefferson was born, and extended freedom of religion to Quakers and Jews.
* 1683 – 1684, " The Great Frost ", when the Thames, hosting one of many River Thames frost fairs, was frozen all the way up to the London Bridge and remained frozen for about two months.
The phenomenon of zodiacal light was first investigated by the astronomer Giovanni Domenico Cassini in 1683 and first explained by Nicolas Fatio de Duillier in 1684.
Its first building was built in 1678 – 1683 to house the cabinet of curiosities Elias Ashmole gave Oxford University in 1677.
They did not yet know it was the river explored and claimed for France by René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle in 1683.
Year 1683 ( MDCLXXXIII ) was a common year starting on Friday ( link will display the full calendar ) of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Monday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar.
Roger Williams ( c. 1603 – between January and March 1683 ) was an English Protestant theologian who was an early proponent of religious freedom and the separation of church and state.
Williams died between January and March 1683 and was buried on his own property.
Indeed by 1683, the latter came close to bankruptcy ; its share price plummeted from 600 to 250 ; and its president Josiah Child was temporarily forced from office.
The factory in Bantam was closed in 1683.

1683 and set
The entrada of Juan Domínguez de Mendoza and Father Nicolás López in 1683 – 84 set out from El Paso to La Junta where they established seven missions at seven pueblos.
Using a combination of aggression, annexation, and quasi-legal maneuvers, Louis XIV immediately set about extending his gains in order to stabilize and strengthen France's frontiers, culminating in the brief War of the Reunions ( 1683 – 84 ).
In the Trial of William, Lord Russell, in the Old Bailey in 1683 ( 1825 ; Woburn Abbey ) Hayter celebrated John Russell ’ s ancestry, in a work reminiscent of fashionable tableaux vivants of the country-house set.
The first, Livre de musique dédié а la Très Saincte Vierge of 1683, contains the earliest known examples of the French noël ( a set of variations on a Christmas carol ) and an allemande.
Ignoring Nixon's criticisms of him, the HBC promoted Abraham to Captain of The George in 1683 and set sail for Port Nelson, where a fort had been established the previous year by Governor John Bridgar.

1683 and up
The legends include tales that it was invented in Europe to celebrate the defeat of the Umayyad forces at the Battle of Tours by the Franks in 732, with the shape representing the Islamic crescent ; that it was invented in Vienna in 1683 to celebrate the defeat of the Ottomans by Christian forces in the siege of the city, as a reference to the crescents on the Ottoman flags, when bakers staying up all night heard the tunneling operation and gave the alarm ; tales linking croissants with the kifli and the siege of Buda in 1686.
He drew up a will on 17 January 1683.
* 1683 – City flooded up to Teen Darwaja due to flood.
These structures, along with the contemporary buildings, were destroyed in the siege of 1683 resulting in the liberation of Esztergom-though some Turkish buildings prevailed up to the beginning of the 18th century.
Thanks to the efforts of King Jan III Sobieski, who was held in great esteem by the Tatar soldiers, many of the Lipkas seeking asylum and service in the Turkish army returned to his command and participated in the struggles with the Ottoman Empire up to the Treaty of Karlowitz in 1699, including the Battle of Vienna ( 1683 ) that was to turn the tide of Islamic expansion into Europe and mark the beginning of the end for the Ottoman Empire.
The victories in Europe of the Turks, who brought their armies up to the very walls of Vienna ( 1683 ), helped even in Italy to incite the Christian population against the Jews, who remained friendly to the Turks.
Shortly thereafter, other rulers in Europe were tied up in wars ( begun by France or its Ottoman ally ) or in domestic struggles ( Great Turkish War 1683 – 1699, War of the Reunions 1683 – 1684, Glorious Revolution 1688, War of the Grand Alliance 1688 – 97 ).
Elizabeth Elstob ( 1683 – 1756 ), the ' Saxon Nymph ,' was born and brought up in the Quayside area of Newcastle upon Tyne, and, like Mary Astell of Newcastle, is nowadays regarded as one of the first English feminists.
The Austrians would also use the twenty-year truce to build up their forces and begin the liberation of Hungary in 1683.
After Fourny's death in 1713, the task was taken up and continued by two other friars of the monastery where Father Anselm had spent his life: Father Angel of St. Rosalie ( 1655 – 1726 ), together with Father Simplician ( 1683 – 1759 ), who published the first and second volumes of the third edition in 1726.
His policy at first was to retain the territory annexed by the chambers of reunion without declaring war, and for this purpose he signed treaties of alliance with the elector of Brandenburg ( 1681 ), and with Denmark ( 1683 ); but the troubles following upon the revocation of the Edict of Nantes ( 1685 ) forced him to give up his scheme and to prepare for war with Germany ( 1688 ).

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