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1777 and force
* 1777 – American Revolutionary War: The Battle of Ridgefield: A British invasion force engages and defeats Continental Army regulars and militia irregulars at Ridgefield, Connecticut.
On October 6, 1777, a combined force of roughly 2, 100 Loyalists, Hessians, and British regulars led by Lieutenant General Sir Henry Clinton attacked forts Montgomery and Clinton from the landward side ( where the defenses were only partially completed ).
* Charles Hewitt, an enlisted man, was part of a 40-member raiding party that during the night of July 10, 1777 captured at his home in Newport General Prescott, the British commander of a large occupation force of Hessian soldiers in Newport, Rhode Island.
Having all but cut off the last means of escape, Gates accepted General Burgoyne's surrender of his entire force at Saratoga on October 16, 1777.
He assisted General Nathanael Greene in reconnaissance of British positions in New Jersey ; with 300 soldiers, he defeated a numerically superior Hessian force in Gloucester, on 24 November 1777.
With the coming in 1777 of General von Steuben, the training and discipline along Prussian lines began, and the Continental Army began to evolve into a modern force.
During the revolutionary war — on April 25, 1777 a 1, 850 strong British force under the command of the Royal Governor of the Province of New York, Major General William Tryon landed on Compo Beach to demolish the Continental Army ’ s military supplies in Danbury.
In April 1777 he was defeated at the Battle of Bound Brook by a much larger force under the command of Lord Cornwallis.
In March, 1777 he sent a party of about one hundred Indians to Montreal to force the Americans out of Quebec.
On Prescott Farm in Rhode Island, he was abducted from his quarters at night on 10 July 1777, by Lieutenant-Colonel William Barton and a force of about 20 men including Jack Sisson.
* Benedict Arnold was a leading force in the early days of the war, participating in the 1775 capture of Fort Ticonderoga and the invasion of Quebec, and played a crucial role in the 1777 Battles of Saratoga, in which he was severely wounded.
The regiment was part of the 5, 000 British and Hessian force, under the command of Gen. John Burgoyne, that surrendered to the American rebels in the 1777 Saratoga Campaign and remained imprisoned until 1783.
On 6 August 1777, this relief force was ambushed by American Indian and King's Royal Yorkers at the Battle of Oriskany.
During the subsequent Battle of the Assunpink Creek on January 2, 1777, the 5th Virginia helped slow the advance of a combined force of British light infantry and Hessian mercenaries toward Trenton.
The most significant attempt occurred in the summer of 1777, when John Allan was authorized by Congress to take actions in Nova Scotia ; however, only a small number of forces were raised for this effort at Saint John, and a British show of force put an end to the attempt.

1777 and commanded
It was named for General Horatio Gates, who had commanded the victorious American colonial forces at the Battle of Saratoga in 1777.
It was named for Gen. John Stark, who commanded New Hampshire troops at the Battle of Bunker Hill in 1775 in the Revolutionary War and defeated the British at the Battle of Bennington in 1777.
* was an 18-gun ship sloop built in 1777 and commanded by John Paul Jones.
After taking part in the expedition to aid Charleston in 1776 and 1777, Nash ( now in command of the North Carolina Brigade ) marched north to join General George Washington's Army and commanded the 1st North Carolina Regiment at the Battle of Brandywine.
He was at Valley Forge for most of the 1777 – 78 winter, and commanded a division of Patterson's and Learned's Brigades.
In 1777 – 78, he commanded a brigade of Massachusetts troops in Major General deKalb's division at Valley Forge.
In September 1777, Lincoln joined Horatio Gates's camp near Saratoga, where he commanded the right side of the American line.
In 1777 during the Saratoga Campaign Gen. Paterson commanded a brigade of General Horatio Gates ' army consisting of the 10th, 11th, 12th, 14th Massachusetts Regiments and 1st Berkshire County Militia Regiment that joined as reinforcements.
He commanded part of the Virginia Minute Men during that war, with about six hundred men and was with General Gates at the Battle of Saratoga in October 1777.
A commissioned officer in the Pennsylvania Navy, Commodore Hazelwood commanded all units of the Pennsylvania and Continental navies participating in the defense of the Delaware River approaches to Philadelphia in 1777.
He also served in Quebec and at Yorktown, and commanded American troops at Fort Clinton in their 1777 defeat there.
He commanded the Eastern Department, which was largely responsible for containing the British at Newport, until 1777, when he resigned due to poor health.
The Ohio Company fort was surrendered to the French by Croghan's half-brother, Edward Ward, and commanded by his business partner, William Trent, but Croghan's central role in these events remains suppressed, as he himself was in 1777, when Pittsburgh's president judge, Committee of Safety chairman, and person keeping the Ohio Indians pacificed since Pontiac's Rebellion was declared a traitor by General Edward Hand and exiled from the frontier.
During the Saratoga Campaign in 1777, he commanded Fort Clinton in the Hudson Highlands.
In September 1777 he led a division of the army commanded by Horatio Gates against British General John Burgoyne at the Battle of Freeman's Farm.
By 1777 he had been appointed a local brigadier general and commanded a brigade.
He was in continual employment during the peace, and as commodore, commanded the East Indies Station from 1773 to 1777.

1777 and by
Its drafting by the Continental Congress began in mid 1776, and an approved version was sent to the states for ratification in late 1777.
The final draft of the Articles was prepared in the summer of 1777 and the Second Continental Congress approved them for ratification by the individual states on November 15, 1777, after a year of debate.
In practice, the Articles were in use beginning in 1777 ; the final draft of the Articles served as the de facto system of government used by the Congress (" the United States in Congress assembled ") until it became de jure by final ratification on March 1, 1781 ; at which point Congress became the Congress of the Confederation.
* 1777 – American Revolutionary War: The Americans led by General John Stark rout British and Brunswick troops under Friedrich Baum at the Battle of Bennington in Walloomsac, New York.
A fragment of his treatise On burning-glasses was published as (" Concerning wondrous machines ") by L. Dupuy in 1777, and also appeared in 1786 in the forty-second volume of the Histoire de l ' Academie des Instrumentistes.
* 1777The United States celebrates its first Thanksgiving, marking the recent victory by the Americans over General John Burgoyne in the Battle of Saratoga in October.
* 1777 – Kiritimati, also called Christmas Island, is discovered by James Cook.
The Encyclopédie, published by a group of philosophers over the years 1751 – 1777, summarized French male beliefs of women.
In June 1776, Congress ' first attempt at running the war effort was established with the committee known as " Board of War and Ordnance ", succeeded by the Board of War in July 1777, a committee which eventually included members of the military.
The office of Governor was established by the first New York State Constitution in 1777 to coincide with the calendar year.
The name Eschrichtius gibbosus is sometimes seen ; this is dependent on the acceptance of a 1777 description by Erxleben.
By the 1830s mathematics, physics, chemistry, and biology had emerged with world class science, led by Alexander von Humboldt ( 1769 – 1859 ) in natural science and Carl Friedrich Gauss ( 1777 – 1855 ) in mathematics.
* 1777The Stars and Stripes is adopted by Congress as the Flag of the United States.
* 1777 – American Revolutionary War: Siege of Fort Ticonderoga – After a bombardment by British artillery under General John Burgoyne, American forces retreat from Fort Ticonderoga, New York.
An English translation, entitled A Sovereign Antidote against Arian Poyson, appeared in London, 1719, and again ‘ revised, corrected, and, in a few places, abridged, by Abraham Booth ,’ under the title of The Deity of Jesus Christ essential to the Christian Religion, 1777.
Portrait of Carl Friedrich Abel by Thomas Gainsborough, 1777
Christmas Island was discovered by Captain James Cook on Christmas Eve ( 24 December ) 1777.
The case of the Marquis de Sade ( imprisoned 1777 – 1790 under a lettre de cachet obtained by his wealthy and influential mother-in-law ) is a prominent example.
In 1777, Philadelphia gunsmith Joseph Belton offered the Continental Congress a " new improved gun ", which was capable of firing up to twenty shots in five seconds, automatically, and was capable of being loaded by a cartridge.
The name oxygen was coined in 1777 by Antoine Lavoisier, whose experiments with oxygen helped to discredit the then-popular phlogiston theory of combustion and corrosion.
* 1776 – American Revolutionary War: Battle of Valcour Island – On Lake Champlain a fleet of American boats is defeated by the Royal Navy, but delays the British advance until 1777.
* 1777 – Battle of Germantown: Troops under George Washington are repelled by British troops under Sir William Howe.
The most influential Russian version of Ossian was the 1792 translation by Ermil Kostrov, who based his work on Pierre Le Tourneur's 1777 translation from the original.

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