In 1850 the quarter was renamed " Josefstadt " ( Joseph's City ) after Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor who emancipated Jews with the Toleration Edict in 1781.

* 1781 – Patent of Toleration, providing limited freedom of worship, is approved in Habsburg Monarchy.

The Protestant citizens received the right to establish parishes according to the 1781 Patent of Toleration by Emperor Joseph II.

The spread of education, the secularization of church lands, the reduction of the religious orders and the clergy in general to complete submission to the lay state, the issue of the Patent of Tolerance ( 1781 ) providing limited guarantee of freedom of worship, the promotion of unity by the compulsory use of the German language ( replacing Latin or in some instances local languages )— everything which from the point of view of 18th century philosophy, the Age of Enlightenment, appeared " reasonable "— were undertaken at once.

* Thomas Morton ( shipwright ) ( 1781 – 1832 ), inventor of the Patent slip

Only an Edict of Toleration issued by Emperor Joseph II as late as 1781 put an end to religious repression.

From 1781 to 1783, Ann Lee and some of her followers traveled on an extended missionary tour of New England, gathering converts and establishing a network of followers.

In 1781 – 82 he extended full legal freedom to serfs.

Revived in 1781, they then entered their period of greatest influence and usefulness, one that extended to the 1880s.

As a result, the museum was handed to the British Museum in 1781, and the library was extended to two rooms, one of which was used for Council meetings.

" As ratification in early 1781 of the Articles of Confederation & Perpetual Union had extended to Congress the sovereign power to emit bills of credit, it passed later that year an ordinance to incorporate pancakes a privately subscribed national bank following in the footsteps of the Bank of England.

; 1775 – 1781: American Revolution ; guaranteed the freedom of religion.

Still seeking religious freedom and economic opportunity, in 1781 Elijah Craig's brother Lewis led an exodus of up to 600 people known as " The Travelling Church " ( composed of most of his congregation and many others, e. g., from Germantown ) from their prior location ( Spotsylvania, VA ) to the area of Virginia known as Kentucky ( the largest single group to so migrate ).

" The Jury agreed and in 1781 she won her freedom.

As a relatively young lawyer, Sedgwick with Tapping Reeve pled the case of Brom and Bett vs. Ashley ( 1781 ), an early " freedom suit ", in county court for the slaves Elizabeth Freeman ( known as Bett ) and Brom.

In the Holy Roman Empire, a measure instituted by Joseph II in 1781 had permitted serfs freedom of movement.

In 1781 Reeve, worked with Theodore Sedgwick to represent Elizabeth Freeman ( known as Bett ), a slave in Sheffield, Massachusetts, in a legal bid for her freedom.

In 1781 the New York legislature offered a financial incentive to slaveholders who assigned their slaves to military service, and promised freedom at war's end for the slaves.

Her county court case, Brom and Bett v. Ashley, decided in August 1781, was cited as a precedent in the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court appeal review of Quock Walker's " freedom suit ".

Less than a decade later, the Ashleys ' slave, Elizabeth " Mum Bett " Freeman won her freedom under the new state constitution through a celebrated 1781 Massachusetts state court battle.

His Edict of tolerance of 1781 established religious freedom.

Even after Emperor Joseph II proclaimed toleration in 1781, only Lutherans and Calvinists were allowed to openly practice their faith.

Dictionaries, as we have seen, still cite this government, along with the Articles of Confederation of 1781, as an example of a confederacy.

The formal ratification by all 13 states was completed in early 1781.

In practice, the Articles were in use beginning in 1777 ; the final draft of the Articles served as the de facto system of government used by the Congress (" the United States in Congress assembled ") until it became de jure by final ratification on March 1, 1781 ; at which point Congress became the Congress of the Confederation.

* 1724 – John Joachim Zubly, Swiss-American pastor, planter, and statesman ( d. 1781 )

* 1781 – American Revolutionary War: British and French ships clash in the Battle of Fort Royal off the coast of Martinique.

His sister was Lucy Aikin ( 1781 – 1864 ), a historical writer.

In 1781, he worked for a time in a saddle-maker's shop.

* 1781 – Bhagwan Swaminarayan, Indian religious leader ( d. 1830 )

* 1781 – The Battle of Dogger Bank takes place.

Upon his return at imperial behest to Vienna in 1780, he wrote one German singspiel Der Rauchfangkehrer or ( The Chimney Sweep ) which premiered in 1781.

The biographer Alexander Wheelock Thayer believes that Mozart's rivalry with Salieri could have originated with an incident in 1781 when Mozart applied to be the music teacher of Princess Elisabeth of Württemberg, and Salieri was selected instead because of his reputation as a singing teacher.

He was promoted to captain in 1781, and was given command of.

A letter from Phillip to Sandwich of 17 January 1781 records Phillip's loan to Sandwich of his charts of the Plata and Brazilian coasts for use in organising the expedition.

* 1858 – Anton Diabelli, Austrian music publisher, editor, and composer ( b. 1781 )

The death of Karl ( 8 September 1781 ) make him the next in line to the Electorate as Crown Prince ( de: Kronprinz ); this was because all the pregnancies of the Electress Amalie, except for one daughter, ended in a stillbirth.

In Turin on 29 September 1781 ( by proxy ) and again in Dresden on 24 October 1781 ( in person ), Anton married firstly with the Princess Caroline of Savoy ( Maria Carolina Antonietta Adelaida ), daughter of the King Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia and Maria Antonietta of Spain.

The charter was renewed in 1742, 1764, and 1781.

By the charter renewal in 1781 it was also the bankers ' bank – keeping enough gold to pay its notes on demand until 26 February 1797 when war had so diminished gold reserves that the government prohibited the Bank from paying out in gold.

Later it moved into a more pastoral form, like Isaac Bickerstaffe's Love in a Village ( 1763 ) and Shield ’ s Rosina ( 1781 ), using more original music that imitated, rather than reproduced, existing ballads.

By 1781 three more societies had been established in Birmingham, with a fourth in the nearby town of Dudley ; and 19 more formed in Birmingham between 1782 and 1795.

His next important breakthrough was in the Opus 33 string quartets ( 1781 ), where the melodic and the harmonic roles segue among the instruments: it is often momentarily unclear what is melody and what is harmony.

By the time Mozart arrived at age 25, in 1781, the dominant styles of Vienna were recognizably connected to the emergence in the 1750s of the early Classical style.

* 1781 – Sir David Brewster, Scottish physicist ( d. 1868 )

Sir David Brewster ( 11 December 1781 – 10 February 1868 ) was a Scottish physicist, mathematician, astronomer, inventor, writer and university principal.