Rabbi Nathan Marcus hakohen Adler ( 13 January 1803 – 21 January 1890 ) was the Orthodox Chief Rabbi of the British Empire from 1845 until his death, probably the most prominent 19th century rabbi in the English-speaking world.

* Schmidt, Helmut Dan ( 1962 ) Chief Rabbi Nathan Marcus Adler ( 1803 – 1890 ): Jewish educator from Germany Leo Baeck Institute, London ;

* 1803 – Louisiana Purchase: The United States purchases the Louisiana Territory from France for $ 15 million, more than doubling the size of the young nation.

* 1803 – Thousands of meteor fragments fall from the skies of L ' Aigle, France ; the event convinces European science that meteors exist.

Louisiana Creole ( also called French Créole ) refers to native born people of the New Orleans area who are descended from the Colonial French and / or Spanish settlers of Colonial French Louisiana, before it became part of the United States in 1803 with the Louisiana Purchase.

They were taken from the " Ode to Joy ", a poem written by Friedrich Schiller in 1785 and revised in 1803, with additions made by the composer.

These pieces are representative of Beethoven's " Middle " stylistic period, which went from roughly 1803 to 1812, and which included many of his most famous works.

In 1806, Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin, ambassador to the Ottoman Empire from 1799 to 1803 removed the large collection of marble sculptures from the Parthenon, on the Acropolis in Athens and transferred them to the UK.

They held the first Burns supper on what they thought was his birthday on 29 January 1802, but in 1803 discovered from the Ayr parish records that the correct date was 25 January 1759, and since then suppers have been held on 25 January, Burns ' birthday.

" In this way, the common law was eventually incorporated into the legal systems of every state except Louisiana ( which inherited a civil law system from its French colonizers before the Louisiana Purchase of 1803, adopting a code similar to but not directly based on the Napoleonic Code of 1804 ).

In 1803, the inhabitants signed a petition addressed to the Jamaican governor asking him to grant them a tax exemption from the " Transient Tax on Wreck Goods ".

The United States acquired of land from France under the Louisiana Purchase in 1803.

Thomas Young performed a celebrated experiment in 1803 demonstrating interference from two closely spaced slits.

In 1803 Stone and others withdrew from the Kentucky Presbytery and formed the Springfield Presbytery.

In 1803 the regiments of dragoons began to be called light cavalry and shortly after 1815 this class of cavalry disappeared from the Spanish Army.

Shah Shujah Durrani | Shah Shujah became the last Durrani dynasty | Durrani ruler, who first reigned between 1803 and 1809, and again from 1839 to 1842.

Say ( 1803 ), distinguishing the subject from its public-policy uses, defines it as the science of production, distribution, and consumption of wealth.

Next important early Russian author is Nikolay Ivanovich Gnedich with his novel Don Corrado de Gerrera from 1803, which is set in Spain during the reign of Philip II.

Further observations were made by the German explorer Alexander von Humboldt during his South American journey from 1799 to 1803.

When released in 1803, from a brief time in prison, Rapp told his followers to pool their assets and follow him on a journey for safety to the " land of Israel " in the United States, and soon over 800 people were living with him there.

Physical force Irish republicanism as an ideology had a long history, from the United Irishmen of the 1798 and 1803 rebellions, to the Young Irelander Rebellion of 1848 and the 1867 rebellion by the Irish Republican Brotherhood.

The Massachusetts General Court elected Adams as a Federalist to the U. S. Senate soon after, and he served from March 4, 1803, until 1808, when he broke with the Federalist Party.

Monroe was then appointed Minister to the Court of St. James ( Britain ) from 1803 to 1807.

In November 1803, France withdrew its 7, 000 surviving troops from Saint-Domingue ( more than two-thirds of its troops died there ) and gave up its ambitions in the western hemisphere.

The Americans thought that Napoleon might withdraw the offer at any time, preventing the United States from acquiring New Orleans, so they agreed and signed the Louisiana Purchase Treaty on April 30, 1803.

The territory's boundaries had not been defined in the 1762 Treaty of Fontainebleau that ceded it from France to Spain, nor the 1800 Third Treaty of San Ildefonso ceding it back to France, nor the 1803 Louisiana Purchase agreement ceding it to the United States.

In 1803 Oersted returned to Copenhagen and applied for the university's chair in physics but was rejected because he was probably considered more a philosopher than a physicist.

In 1803 Diabelli moved to Vienna and began teaching piano and guitar and found work as a proofreader for a music publisher.

The purchase of a manuscript collection in 1803 laid the foundation for what would become the Cantonal Library, which contains a Bible annotated by Huldrych Zwingli.

The Coral Sea Islands were first charted in 1803 ; in the 1870 and 1880s the islands were mined for guano but the absence of a permanent supply of fresh water prevented long-term habitation.

In 1803, war resumed between France and Britain, and with the Royal Navy firmly in control of the seas, reinforcements and supplies for Rochambeau never arrived in sufficient numbers.

In 1803, electorates were created for the Duke of Württemberg, the Margrave of Baden, the Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel ( or Hesse-Cassel ), and the Duke of Salzburg, bringing the total number of electors to ten.

This idea was proposed as early as 1803, by Jefferson, but was not used in actual treaties until 1817, when the Cherokee agreed to cede two large tracts of land in the east for one of equal size in present-day Arkansas.

When Audubon, at age 18, boarded ship for emigration to the United States in 1803, he changed his name to an anglicized form: John James Audubon.

Johann August Sutter ( February 15, 1803 – June 18, 1880 ) was a Swiss pioneer of California known for his association with the California Gold Rush by the discovery of gold by James W. Marshall and the mill making team at Sutter's Mill, and for establishing Sutter's Fort in the area that would eventually become Sacramento, the state's capital.

On April 11, 1803, just days before Monroe's arrival, Barbé-Marbois offered Livingston all of Louisiana for $ 15 million, equivalent to about $ in present-day values.

The law of definite proportions contributed to, and was placed on a firm theoretical basis by, the atomic theory that John Dalton promoted beginning in 1803, which explained matter as consisting of discrete atoms, that there was one type of atom for each element, and that the compounds were made of combinations of different types of atoms in fixed proportions.

This coincided with his second marriage in 1803 to Juliane Marie Ottesen, which was a very happy situation for the aging Abilgaard.

The need for access to the port of New Orleans by settlers in the Ohio Valley led to the Louisiana Purchase in 1803.

" In 1803, William Pitt the Younger, also a Tory, suggested to a friend that " this person generally called the first minister " was an absolute necessity for a government to function, and expressed his belief that this person should be the minister in charge of the finances.

It was discovered in 1803 by William Hyde Wollaston in one such ore, and named for the rose color of one of its chlorine compounds, produced after it reacted with the powerful acid mixture aqua regia.

* Jean-Baptiste Cardon ( 1760 – 1803 ), Variations for harp on " Ah!

The reign was notable for the building of a second empire based in India, Asia and Africa, the beginnings of the industrial revolution that made Britain an economic powerhouse, and above all the life and death struggle with the French, the French Revolutionary Wars 1793-1802, ending in a draw and a short truce, and the epic Napoleonic Wars ( 1803 – 1815, ending with the decisive defeat of Napoleon.

For the next 23 years, the two nations were at war except for a short period in 1802 – 1803.

Fanning later was granted an honorary degree LL. D., at 1803, for his efforts.

It took until 1803 for the British artillery to adopt the shrapnel shell ( as " spherical case "), albeit with great enthusiasm when it did.

Paisiello conducted the music of the court in the Tuileries with a stipend of 10, 000 francs and 4800 for lodging, but he entirely failed to conciliate the Parisian public, who received his opera Proserpine so coldly that, in 1803, he requested and with some difficulty obtained permission to return to Italy, upon the plea of his wife's ill health.