* May 22 – William Grant Broughton, first Anglican bishop in Australia ( d. 1853 )

Clarksville was incorporated in 1853, but known as Dartmouth College Grant until 1872.

Portrait of John Russell by Francis Grant ( artist ) | Francis Grant, 1853

* 1853 County of Grant

Upon Sherman's retirement in 1853, his replacement at the Benicia Arsenal was Lt. Ulysses S. Grant, who spent 30 days in the Arsenal Guardhouse for being drunk on duty and firing his cannons at the Martinez shoreline.

William Grant Broughton ( 22 May 1788 – 20 February 1853 ) was the first ( and only ) Bishop of Australia of the Church of England.

He was appointed a member of the Victorian Legislative Council ( then a partly elected, partly appointive body ) in 1851, and in 1853 he was elected for Grant Province.

In 1853, he and John T. Grant headed to New Orleans to work on the Cotton Belt Railroad then the Jackson and Great Northern Railroad.

Kier established America's first oil refinery in Pittsburgh on Seventh avenue near Grant Street, in 1853.

Lockwood, chaplain of the Contrabands, stated in the sheet music the song was from Virginia, dating from about 1853.

During 1853, when Villiers was made a privy counsellor the Times stated " it was Mr Charles Villiers who practically originated the Free Trade movement ".

The theorem was first stated without proof by Bienaymé in 1853 and later also without proof by Chebyshev in 1874.

As stated by Joseph Whitworth in his influential report on industry dated from 1853, literacy rates were higher in the United States.

He wrote a document entitled " Japan, Reject the Westerners " in 1853. in this document, he stated ten reasons why Japan should stay isolated from the rest of the world.

The original Argentine Constitution of 1853 provided that all Argentine presidents must be Catholic and stated that the duty of the Argentine congress was to convert the Indians to Catholicism.

Louise Abbéma ( 30 October 1853 ( and not 1858, as commonly stated ) 10 July 1927 ) was a French painter, sculptor, and designer of the Belle Époque.

In 1853, he became a member of the committee which drafted the Constitution of Victoria, and on 18 December 1855, Nicholson moved and carried a motion which stated that any Victorian electoral act should include voting by secret ballot.

Conflict between the miners and Native Americans led to war in 1853, which continued intermittently until the final defeat of the last band under chiefs John and George by a combined force of regular army and civilians May 29, 1856 at Big Bend on the Illinois River.

Following a Native American path to the mission, the European-American Joseph W. Clapp came to the area in 1853, where he built the first house of present-day St. Louis.

By 1853, a militia of Mormons was sent to arrest him for selling alcohol and firearms to the Native Americans, a violation of Federal Law.

Lucy ( or Lucia ) Eldine Gonzalez was born around 1853 in Texas, likely as a slave, to parents of Native American, Black American and Mexican ancestry.

The early English name " Inland River " published by surgeon John Simpson, RN, on his 1853 " Native Map ," appears to be a general translation of the Inuit name " Nunulak " which he also recorded.

Chief Tenaya ( died 1853 ) was a Native American chief of the Yosemite Valley people in California.

Contrasted with other American occupations of the West, there was comparatively little violence between settlers and Native Americans, though several exceptions, such as Territorial Governor Isaac Ingalls Stevens ’ extensive campaigns in 1853 to force Indians into ceding lands and rights, are notable: the Puget Sound War, Cayuse War, Yakima War, and Spokane War being the largest conflicts between the new American authorities and indigenous governments.

The British adopted a meritocratic civil service following the Northcote-Trevelyan Report in 1853, and the Americans did likewise in 1883, with the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act.

Putiatin left Japan in November 1853 and sailed for Shanghai with the same promise as the Americans.

Initially trading as The American Telegraph Line of Coaches the company was established in 1853 by four Americans ( Freeman Cobb, John Murray Peck, James Swanton and James A. Lamber ),

Lord Jeffrey said of his " Letters on the Genius and Disposition of the French Government ": " We must learn to love the Americans when they send us such books as this " (" Edinburgh Review ", 1853, 799 ).

In 1853, state senator John A. Logan helped pass a law to prohibit all African Americans, including freedmen, from settling in the state.

Trade links with the rest of the Australian states were established with the Murray River being successfully navigated in 1853 by Francis Cadell, an Adelaide resident.

After a few presidents of the Provisional Junta, there were again consuls of the republic, 14 March 1841 – 13 March 1844 ( ruling jointly, but occasionally styled " first consul ", " second consul "): Carlos Antonio López Ynsfrán ( b. 1792 – d. 1862 ) + Mariano Roque Alonzo Romero ( d. 1853 ) ( the lasts of the aforementioned juntistas, Commandant-General of the Army )

They were both born in 1853.

Meanwhile, Newson ’ s malting business expanded and five more children were born, Alice ( 1842 ), Millicent ( 1847 ), who was to become a leader in the constitutional campaign for women's suffrage, Sam ( 1850 ), Josephine ( 1853 ) and George ( 1854 ).

In Bendigo in 1853, an Anti-Gold Licence Association was formed and the miners were apparently on the brink of an armed clash with authorities.

In 1853, gold was discovered in the interior, precipitating border disputes with Brazil and Suriname ( these were later settled in 1891, 1899 and 1915, though a small region of the border with Suriname is still disputed ).

" A separate reference also identifies the geographic mile as being identical to these international nautical miles ( and slightly shorter than British nautical miles, which were identified as being equivalent to 1853. 184 meters ).

The composer Richard Wagner ( 1813 – 83 ) ( Der Ring des Nibelungen, 1853 – 70 ) and playwright Henrik Ibsen ( 1828 – 1906 ) were prominent in their critiques of contemporary civilization and for warnings that accelerating " progress " would lead to the creation of individuals detached from social values and isolated from their fellow men.

In 1853, he was given the title Prince of Denmark and he and his family were given an official summer residence, Bernstorff Palace.

These reforms included guarantees to ensure the Ottoman subjects perfect security for their lives, honour, and property ; the introduction of the first Ottoman paper banknotes ( 1840 ) and opening of the first post offices ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the finance system according to the French model ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the Civil and Criminal Code according to the French model ( 1840 ); the establishment of the Meclis-i Maarif-i Umumiye ( 1841 ) which was the prototype of the First Ottoman Parliament ( 1876 ); the reorganization of the army and a regular method of recruiting, levying the army, and fixing the duration of military service ( 1843 – 44 ); the adoption of an Ottoman national anthem and Ottoman national flag ( 1844 ); the first nationwide Ottoman census in 1844 ( only male citizens were counted ); the first national identity cards ( officially named the Mecidiye identity papers, or informally kafa kağıdı ( head paper ) documents, 1844 ); the institution of a Council of Public Instruction ( 1845 ) and the Ministry of Education ( Mekatib-i Umumiye Nezareti, 1847, which later became the Maarif Nezareti, 1857 ); the abolition of slavery and slave trade ( 1847 ); the establishment of the first modern universities ( darülfünun, 1848 ), academies ( 1848 ) and teacher schools ( darülmuallimin, 1848 ); establishment of the Ministry of Healthcare ( Tıbbiye Nezareti, 1850 ); the Commerce and Trade Code ( 1850 ); establishment of the Academy of Sciences ( Encümen-i Daniş, 1851 ); establishment of the Şirket-i Hayriye which operated the first steam-powered commuter ferries ( 1851 ); the first European style courts ( Meclis-i Ahkam-ı Adliye, 1853 ) and supreme judiciary council ( Meclis-i Ali-yi Tanzimat, 1853 ); establishment of the modern Municipality of Istanbul ( Şehremaneti, 1854 ) and the City Planning Council ( İntizam-ı Şehir Komisyonu, 1855 ); the abolition of the capitation ( Jizya ) tax on non-Muslims, with a regular method of establishing and collecting taxes ( 1856 ); non-Muslims were allowed to become soldiers ( 1856 ); various provisions for the better administration of the public service and advancement of commerce ; the establishment of the first telegraph networks ( 1847 – 1855 ) and railroads ( 1856 ); the replacement of guilds with factories ; the establishment of the Ottoman Central Bank ( originally established as the Bank-ı Osmanî in 1856, and later reorganized as the Bank-ı Osmanî-i Şahane in 1863 ) and the Ottoman Stock Exchange ( Dersaadet Tahvilat Borsası, established in 1866 ); the Land Code ( Arazi Kanunnamesi, 1857 ); permission for private sector publishers and printing firms with the Serbesti-i Kürşad Nizamnamesi ( 1857 ); establishment of the School of Economical and Political Sciences ( Mekteb-i Mülkiye, 1859 ); the Press and Journalism Regulation Code ( Matbuat Nizamnamesi, 1864 ); among others.

Both leaders were near the end of their careers ; Potgieter died in March and Pretorius in July 1853.

The Hare law reports were published from 1841 to 1853.

In 1843, the wardroom warrant officers were given commissioned status, while in 1853 the lower-grade warrant officers were absorbed into the new rate of chief petty officer, both classes thereby ceasing to be warrant officers.

Two failed riots in Mantua ( 1852 ) and Milan ( 1853 ) were a crippling blow for the Mazzinian organization, whose prestige never recovered.

It was divided into provinces that were reorganised in 1846 and in 1853, when they acquired their own legislatures, and then abolished in 1876.

By 3 August 1853, the only white people remaining in the Territory were John Chads himself, the Collector of Customs, a Methodist missionary and the island's doctor.

Her friendship with Louise Abbéma ( 1853 – 1927 ), a French impressionist painter, some nine years her junior, was so close and passionate that the two women were rumored to be lovers.

There were over 173 city-states and kingdoms in the African regions affected by the slave trade between 1502 and 1853, when Brazil became the last Atlantic import nation to outlaw the slave trade.

There also exist three sets of isolated musical sketches for Das Rheingold which were composed between 15 September 1852 and November 1853.

The world expositions of 1851 London, 1853 New York, 1862 London, Philadelphia ( 1876 ), 1889 Paris, 1893 Chicago, 1900 Paris, 1901 Buffalo, 1904 St. Louis and 1915 San Francisco were landmarks in this respect.