On May 9 – 10, 1860, the Illinois Republican State Convention was held in Decatur.

* 1860 – The Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints — later renamed Community of Christ — is organized by Joseph Smith III and others at Amboy, Illinois

* 1805 – Joseph Locke, English railway and civil engineer ( d. 1860 )

* 1860 – Annie Oakley, American target shooter ( d. 1926 )

* 1860 – The Second Maori War begins in New Zealand.

* 1860 – William Kennedy Dickson, France-Scottish actor, director, and inventor ( d. 1935 )

* 1860 – Alan Leo, English astrologer ( d. 1917 )

* 1860 – Henrietta Vinton Davis, American writer and public speaker ( d. 1941 )

* 1860 – Florence Harding, American publisher, 31st First Lady of the United States ( d. 1924 )

* 1860 – Jules Laforgue, French poet ( d. 1887 )

* 1860 – Martin Hawke, 7th Baron Hawke, England cricketer ( d. 1938 )

* 1860 – Klara Hitler, Austrian mother of Adolf Hitler ( d. 1907 )

" The Transubstantiation of a Poor White ", in Black Reconstruction: An Essay Toward the History of the Part Which Black People Have Played in the Attempt to Reconstruct Democracy in America, 1860 – 1880 ( 1935 ).

Unionism and Reconstruction in Tennessee, 1860 – 1869 ( 1934 ) online edition

* 1789 – Stéphanie de Beauharnais, French wife of Charles, Grand Duke of Baden ( d. 1860 )

* 1860 – On his phonautograph machine, Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville makes the oldest known recording of an audible human voice.

* 1860 – Isaac Levitan, Russian painter ( d. 1900 )

* 1860 – The first Pony Express rider reaches Sacramento, California.

* 1860 – Charles XV of Sweden of Sweden-Norway is crowned king of Norway in Trondheim.

Historians identify several waves of migration to the United States: one from 1815 – 1860, in which some five million English, Irish, Germanic, Scandinavian, and others from northwestern Europe came to the United States ; one from 1865 – 1890, in which some 10 million immigrants, also mainly from northwestern Europe, settled, and a third from 1890 – 1914, in which 15 million immigrants, mainly from central, eastern, and southern Europe ( many Austrian, Hungarian, Turkish, Lithuanian, Russian, Jewish, Greek, Italian, and Romanian ) settled in the United States.

* 1860 – Ottó Bláthy, Hungarian engineer and inventor ( d. 1939 )

* 1860 – The first successful United States Pony Express run from Saint Joseph, Missouri to Sacramento, California begins.

* 1860 – Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande, Indian singer and composer ( d. 1936 )

This contrasts with the ill-fated Burke and Wills expedition in 1860 – 61 which was much better funded, but resulted in the deaths of three of the members of the transcontinental party.

The genre was also a heavy influence on more mainstream writers, such as Charles Dickens, who read Gothic novels as a teenager and incorporated their gloomy atmosphere and melodrama into his own works, shifting them to a more modern period and an urban setting, including Oliver Twist ( 1837-8 ), Bleak House ( 1854 ) ( Mighall 2003 ) and Great Expectations ( 1860 – 61 ).

* The Romance of Natural History ( 1860 – 61 ).

Senator Henry S. Foote of Mississippi, who had suggested the creation of the Committee of Thirteen, later said, " Had there been one such man in the Congress of the United States as Henry Clay in 1860 –' 61 there would, I feel sure, have been no civil war.

Calhoun died 11 years before the start of the American Civil War, but he was an inspiration to the secessionists of 1860 – 61.

In 1860 – 61, Napoleon III made more concessions to placate his liberal opponents.

* As of 1860, the county population was 709 persons, including 61 slaves.

" This county, created by Act of the Legislature October 1, 1870, was named for Stephen A. Douglas, the " Little Giant ," a Vermonter who was Congressman from Illinois 1843 to ' 47, Senator from ' 47 to ' 61, and Democratic candidate for President in 1860 on the ticket with gov.

Influenced by Liszt's efforts, Smetana began a series of symphonic works based on literary subjects — Richard III ( 1857-8 ), Wallenstein's Camp ( 1858-9 ) and Hakon Jarl ( 1860 – 61 ).

Burke and Wills passed through the area in their famous 1860 – 61 expedition, setting up a base camp at nearby Menindee.

The Pony Express, operational from 1860 – 61, and the First Transcontinental Telegraph, completed in 1861, both followed the earlier emigrant trails along the Platte.

Nariaki retired in 1844 in favor of his son Yoshiatsu, and died of a heart attack in 1860, at age 61.

Conditions at the fort were difficult during the winter of 1860 – 61.

Reminiscences of Forts Sumter and Moultrie in 1860 – 61.

* 1860 / 61 W. Lambert

Lipset ( 1960 ) examined the secessionist vote in each Southern state in 1860 – 61.

While in the legislature, he accepted a commission with the Ohio Militia as a brigadier general and spent much of the winter of 1860 – 61 studying military science.

* St. Philip's Church in the Highlands in Garrison, New York ( 1860 – 61 )

Santley appeared in English opera for Mapleson at Her Majesty's Theatre in the 1860 – 61 season.

It was dissolved on 5 November 1860 in preparation for 1860 – 61 election.

* Oswestry and Newtown Railway: 6 June 1855 ; 1860 – 61

* Klein's Volkskalender und Jahrbuch für Israeliten, 1860 – 61 ;

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