The American Civil War ( 1861 – 1865 ), in the United States often referred to as simply the Civil War and sometimes called the " War Between the States ", was a civil war fought over the secession of the Confederate States.

* 1861 – American Civil War: The war begins with Confederate forces firing on Fort Sumter, in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina.

* 1796 – George N. Briggs, American politician, 19th Governor of Massachusetts ( d. 1861 )

* 1861 – Edith Roosevelt, American wife of Theodore Roosevelt, 27th First Lady of the United States ( d. 1948 )

* 1811 – Elisha Otis, American inventor and businessman, founded the Otis Elevator Company ( d. 1861 )

This became poignantly true during the most serious test of American cohesion in the U. S. Civil War ( 1861 – 1865 ).

* 1861 – American Civil War: Maryland's House of Delegates votes not to secede from the Union.

* 1861 – American Civil War: Fort Sumter surrenders to Confederate forces.

* 1861 – American Civil War: US Navy squadron captures forts at Hatteras Inlet, North Carolina.

The Robber Barons: The Great American Capitalists, 1861 – 1901 ISBN 99918-47-99-5

* 1766 – Collin McKinney, American surveyor, merchant, politician, and preacher, helped draft the Texas Declaration of Independence ( d. 1861 )

* 1861 – American Civil War: in order to help pay for the war effort, the United States government levies the first income tax as part of the Revenue Act of 1861 ( 3 % of all incomes over US $ 800 ; rescinded in 1872 ).

Armoured trains saw use during the 19th century in the American Civil War ( 1861 – 1865 ), the Franco-Prussian War ( 1870 – 1871 ), the First and Second Boer Wars ( 1880 – 81 and 1899 – 1902 ), the First ( 1914 – 1918 ) and Second World Wars ( 1939 – 1945 ) and the First Indochina War ( 1946 – 1954 ).

* 1861 – American Civil War: Robert E. Lee resigns his commission in the United States Army in order to command the forces of the state of Virginia.

* 1861 – American Civil War: Baltimore riot of 1861: a pro-Secession mob in Baltimore, Maryland, attacks United States Army troops marching through the city.

* 1861 – American Civil War: Battle of Wilson's Creek – the war enters Missouri when a band of raw Confederate troops defeat Union forces in the southwestern part of the state.

* 1861 – American Civil War: The Union Army arrives in Washington, D. C.

In April 1861, early in the American Civil War, Corbett enlisted as a private in Company I of the 12 Regiment New York Militia.

The American Civil War ( 1861 – 1865 ) was unusual for at least two reasons: it was fought around regional identities, rather than political ideologies, and it was ended through a war of attrition, rather than over a decisive battle over control of the capital, as was the norm.

Groups associated with John Thomas met under various names, including Believers, Baptised Believers, the Royal Association of Believers, Baptised Believers in the Kingdom of God, Nazarines ( or Nazarenes ) and The Antipas until the time of the American Civil War ( 1861 – 1865 ).

During the American Civil War of 1861 – 1865, some soldiers pinned paper notes with their name and home address to the backs of their coats.

* 1861 – Charles Duryea, American automobile pioneer ( d. 1938 )

* 1861 – William C. Durant, American automobile executive ( d. 1947 )

The Civil War Day by Day: An Almanac, 1861 – 1865.

* Weigley, Russell F. A Great Civil War: A Military and Political History, 1861 – 1865.

* 1861 – American Civil War: The Trent Affair: Confederate diplomatic envoys James M. Mason and John Slidell are freed by the United States government, thus heading off a possible war between the United States and United Kingdom.

* 1861 – American Civil War: The Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War is established by the U. S. Congress.

* 1861 – American Civil War: the Confederate States of America accept a rival state government's pronouncement that declares Kentucky to be the 13th state of the Confederacy.

During the American Civil War ( 1861 – 1865 ), the Union feared that the seceded Confederate States of America ( CSA ) would plan a northerly attack from Canada, which was still owned by the British Empire and remained neutral in the war.

It was accepted by the War Department on May 6, 1861, effective May 3.

In spring 1861, Carnegie was appointed by Scott, who was now Assistant Secretary of War in charge of military transportation, as Superintendent of the Military Railways and the Union Government's telegraph lines in the East.

In April 1861, the group published the first sample pages ; later that month, the thirty year old Coleridge died of tuberculosis.

The Central London District School at Hanwell was built between 1856 and 1861 by a group of central London poor law unions to house and educate pauper children away from the workhouse ; the original site at Norwood having proved to be too small and unsuitable for extension.

On May 29, 1861, a group of Southern sympathizers from Kentucky and Tennessee met at the Graves County Courthouse to discuss the possibility of aligning the Purchase with West Tennessee.

On April 16, 1861, Lewistown sent its Logan Guards, a militia group originally formed in 1858, to Washington, D. C. for its defense.

On January 11, 1861, Bragg led a group of 500 volunteers to Baton Rouge, where they persuaded the commander of the federal arsenal there to surrender.

When the secession crisis swept the State in 1861, a group of Madison County citizens called on Murphy to represent them at the Secession Convention.

This group split from the main national body of Old School Presbyterianism, the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America ( PCUSA ), after that body's General Assembly passed the Gardiner Spring Resolutions passed in May 1861.

Probably the largest Copperhead group was the Knights of the Golden Circle ; formed in Ohio in the 1850s, it became politicized in 1861.

In the 1861 Diet, he became the leader of the group calling for a petition to the Austrian crown, throwing the onus for a settlement onto the Habsburg court.

On May 29, 1861, a group of Southern sympathizers from Kentucky and Tennessee met at the Graves County Courthouse in Mayfield to discuss the possibility of aligning the Purchase with West Tennessee.

In 1987 the Christchurch Press Co Ltd, publisher of The Press since 1861, joined the INL group.

In early 1861, he found out that three of the younger members in the group had broken the rules, causing him to lose his temper ; he made them sit in a line and beheaded them all at once.

His decision to abandon Barrancas was hastened when, around midnight of January 8, 1861, his guards repelled a group of local men intending to take the fort.

As soon as the war broke out in 1861, he and his group began to prepare to help the war's wounded.

In 1861 he was part of a small group of men who helped Generals Nathaniel Lyon and Francis P. Blair to retain Missouri in the Union.

In 1861, Wills was part of a group of 25 men, including his father, who left to establish a holding in Central Queensland.

Despite this royal patronage, controversy about The Two Ways of Life in strait-laced Scotland in 1858 led to a secession of a large group from the Photographic Society of Scotland, the secessionists founding the Edinburgh Photographic Society in 1861.

In " The Major Adams Story " it is explained that Seth Adams had commanded a militia group ( apparently in Philadelphia ) and they enlisted en masse in the Union Army in 1861, that Bill Hawks was Sergeant to Major Adams and that Wooster was a late enlistment as a private ( in various episodes it's mentioned that their regiment was under Generals William Tecumseh Sherman and Ulysses S. Grant ).

The Freedmen ’ s Aid Society was founded in 1861 during the American Civil War by the American Missionary Association ( AMA ), a group supported chiefly by the Congregational, Presbyterian and Methodist churches in the North.

The hospital itself was an initiative by a group of two Englishmen, one Spaniard, a Dane, two Anglo-Irish, and a German Jew who first sat in committee in 1861.

This effect, discovered by French agricultural engineer, Maximilien Ringelmann ( 1861 – 1931 ), illustrates the inverse relationship that exists between the size of a group and the magnitude of group members ’ individual contribution to the completion of a task.

Among the painters associated with the group were Joseph Crawhall ( 1861 – 1913 ), Thomas Millie Dow ( 1848-1919 ), James Guthrie ( 1859 – 1930 ), George Henry ( 1858 – 1943 ), E. A. Hornel ( 1864 – 1933 ), and E. A. Walton ( 1860 – 1922 ).

When the issue of secession was debated in 1861, it was seized twice by a group called the " Cape Fear Minutemen ", who were subsequently ordered by Governor John Willis Ellis to return it to the keeper of the fort, the only man stationed there by the U. S. Army at the time.