But what the elements could not do was seriously threatened when Brigadier General William E. ( Grumble ) Jones reached Philippi while on the famous Jones-Imboden raid in May, 1863.

Subsequently HM Sultan Jamalul Ahlam Kiram ( 1863 – 1881 ), the 29th reigning Sultan of Sulu, leased North Borneo in 1878 to Gustavus Baron de Overbeck and Alfred Dent, representing the British North Borneo Company in what is now the Malaysian state of Sabah.

Fort Dette was a more detailed fort that was constructed in 1863 on what is now the campus of the University of Missouri-Rolla.

On July 9, 1863, Confederate cavalry led by Brigadier General John Hunt Morgan, aided by the citizens of Brandenburg, Kentucky, crossed the Ohio River into Indiana to begin what is known as " Morgan's Raid ".

In June 1863, the Confederate cavalry under John Hunt Morgan had departed Tennessee on what would later became known as Morgan's Raid.

The easternmost Red River Trail between Pembina, North Dakota and St. Paul, Minnesota crossed the Red Lake River at Huot, Minnesota ( the site of the Treaty of Old Crossing ( 1863 )), which is a few miles northwest of Badger Township in what is now Red Lake County, Minnesota.

Here, at the heart of the old community, are the neoclassical-style Oak Ridge Elementary School ( erected in 1924 ), what was formerly a small grocery store and filling station ( 1951 ), and an early farmhouse ( c. 1863 ).

In 1863 during the American Civil War, a riot by nearly 1, 000 draft resisters in Glenmont was subdued by the Union Army in what became known as the Battle of Fort Fizzle.

In the summer of 1863, the war touched close to home when Confederate General Robert E. Lee and his Army of Northern Virginia invaded lower Pennsylvania in what later became known as the Gettysburg Campaign.

On 12 March 1863, 300 men from the 57th Regiment, led by Colonel Sir Henry James Warre, marched out to Omata to retake the land and a month later, on 4 April, Browne's successor, Governor Sir George Grey, marched to Tataraimaka with troops and built a redoubt and re-occupied the land in what the Waitangi Tribunal described as a hostile act.

In March 1863 a group of Māori encamped on land they had seized at Tataraimaka were ousted with force by British troops in what they regarded as an act of war.

From 1863, George Pullman introduced comfortable long-distance rail cars from, what was to become The Pullman palace-car company, founded in 1867.

In 1863, however, seeing what he thought to be a better way, he supported the project of reform proposed by Austria at the Furstentag of Frankfurt.

After Chōshū fired upon Western warships in the Straits of Shimonoseki on 25 June 1863, British, French, Dutch and American naval forces bombarded Shimonoseki, the main port of the Chōshū domain the following summer in what was later called the Bombardment of Shimonoseki.

Walter James was born on 29 March 1863 in Perth, in what was then the British colony of Western Australia.

The Confederate territory overlapped the Arizona Territory created by the Union government in 1863, but the physical geography differed in that the Confederate Arizona Territory was approximately the southern half of the pre-existing New Mexico Territory, while the Union Arizona Territory was approximately the western half of what had been New Mexico Territory.

That decision is what provoked the January Uprising of 1863, that is, the very outcome Wielopolski wished to avoid.

Construction progressed slowly and was only opened through Wexford County in 1863. and the bridge over the Manistee River in 1864 at what is now Sherman.

By April 1863, the numbers of the 21st Massachusetts had been so thinned by what Clark called the " cruel fate of war ," that the regiment had virtually ceased to exist and Clark's command was only nominal.

He lost power when responsible government was instituted in 1848 but continued as leader of what became the Conservative Party and served as Premier from 1857 to 1860 and again from 1863 to 1864 before being appointed to the bench.

The river was impounded in 1863 on what is now Henry Cowell Redwoods State Park.

In 1863 a field work was constructed on what is now called Stockade Hill, for the purpose of defending Auckland from hostile Māoris who might advance overland from the south, or by canoes from the Firth of Thames.

In 1863, he also wrote what is considered his greatest work, " La Peregrinación de Bayoan ".

The Metropolitan Railway ( also known as the Met ) was a passenger and goods railway that served London from 1863 to 1933, its mainline heading north from the capital's financial heart in the City to what were to become the Middlesex suburbs.

His Gettysburg Address of 1863 became the most quoted speech in American history.

In 1863 the legislature's forcing of City and County action became known as the " Dutch Flat Swindle ".

His parents emigrated from Poland in 1863, changed their name from Pozerski to de Pomiane, and became French citizens.

In 1863, the International Financial Society became the majority shareholders of the HBC.

Adams became a leading opponent of slave power and articulated a theory whereby the president could abolish slavery by using his war powers, a correct prediction of Abraham Lincoln's use of the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863.

Dagmar's father became King of Denmark in 1863 upon the death of King Frederick VII.

These reforms included guarantees to ensure the Ottoman subjects perfect security for their lives, honour, and property ; the introduction of the first Ottoman paper banknotes ( 1840 ) and opening of the first post offices ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the finance system according to the French model ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the Civil and Criminal Code according to the French model ( 1840 ); the establishment of the Meclis-i Maarif-i Umumiye ( 1841 ) which was the prototype of the First Ottoman Parliament ( 1876 ); the reorganization of the army and a regular method of recruiting, levying the army, and fixing the duration of military service ( 1843 – 44 ); the adoption of an Ottoman national anthem and Ottoman national flag ( 1844 ); the first nationwide Ottoman census in 1844 ( only male citizens were counted ); the first national identity cards ( officially named the Mecidiye identity papers, or informally kafa kağıdı ( head paper ) documents, 1844 ); the institution of a Council of Public Instruction ( 1845 ) and the Ministry of Education ( Mekatib-i Umumiye Nezareti, 1847, which later became the Maarif Nezareti, 1857 ); the abolition of slavery and slave trade ( 1847 ); the establishment of the first modern universities ( darülfünun, 1848 ), academies ( 1848 ) and teacher schools ( darülmuallimin, 1848 ); establishment of the Ministry of Healthcare ( Tıbbiye Nezareti, 1850 ); the Commerce and Trade Code ( 1850 ); establishment of the Academy of Sciences ( Encümen-i Daniş, 1851 ); establishment of the Şirket-i Hayriye which operated the first steam-powered commuter ferries ( 1851 ); the first European style courts ( Meclis-i Ahkam-ı Adliye, 1853 ) and supreme judiciary council ( Meclis-i Ali-yi Tanzimat, 1853 ); establishment of the modern Municipality of Istanbul ( Şehremaneti, 1854 ) and the City Planning Council ( İntizam-ı Şehir Komisyonu, 1855 ); the abolition of the capitation ( Jizya ) tax on non-Muslims, with a regular method of establishing and collecting taxes ( 1856 ); non-Muslims were allowed to become soldiers ( 1856 ); various provisions for the better administration of the public service and advancement of commerce ; the establishment of the first telegraph networks ( 1847 – 1855 ) and railroads ( 1856 ); the replacement of guilds with factories ; the establishment of the Ottoman Central Bank ( originally established as the Bank-ı Osmanî in 1856, and later reorganized as the Bank-ı Osmanî-i Şahane in 1863 ) and the Ottoman Stock Exchange ( Dersaadet Tahvilat Borsası, established in 1866 ); the Land Code ( Arazi Kanunnamesi, 1857 ); permission for private sector publishers and printing firms with the Serbesti-i Kürşad Nizamnamesi ( 1857 ); establishment of the School of Economical and Political Sciences ( Mekteb-i Mülkiye, 1859 ); the Press and Journalism Regulation Code ( Matbuat Nizamnamesi, 1864 ); among others.

In 1863 that part of New South Wales to the north of South Australia was annexed to South Australia by Letters Patent as the Northern Territory of South Australia, which became shortened to the Northern Territory ( 6 July 1863 ).

By this work his reputation became firmly established, and he was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in 1863.

In 1863 Lewiston became the capital of the newly created Idaho Territory.

In 1863 Lewiston became the capital of the newly created Idaho Territory.

Appointed in 1868, Price had already recommended to the university that the Press needed an efficient executive officer to exercise " vigilant superintendence " of the business, including its dealings with Alexander Macmillan, who became the publisher for Oxford's printing in 1863 and in 1866 helped Price to create the Clarendon Press series of cheap, elementary schoolbooks – perhaps the first time that Oxford used the Clarendon imprint.

They married eighteen months later in 1863, the same year her father became Christian IX of Denmark and her brother, George, was appointed King of Greece.

She was Princess of Wales from 1863 to 1901, the longest anyone has ever held that title, and became generally popular ; her style of dress and bearing were copied by fashion-conscious women.

He became professor of botany at the University of Dorpat in 1863.

In 1867, Siam ( modern Thailand ) renounced suzerainty over Cambodia and officially recognized the 1863 French protectorate on Cambodia, in exchange for the control of Battambang and Siem Reap provinces which officially became part of Thailand.

It entered government hands when purchased by the East India Company in 1863, and became occupied by the marine and railway departments of the Board of Trade.

From 1863 to 1869, Presidents Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson ( who became president on April 14, 1865 ) took a moderate position designed to bring the South back to normal as soon as possible, while the Radical Republicans ( as they called themselves ) used Congress to block the moderate approach, impose harsh terms, and upgrade the rights of the Freedmen ( former slaves ).

# Alexandra of Denmark ( 10 March 1863 – 22 January 1901 ) — The daughter of King Christian IX of Denmark, she married Albert Edward, Prince of Wales, and became Princess of Wales on 10 March 1863.

The first " adoptee " was Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria ( b. 1863, not descended from Maria Beatrice Ricciarda d ' Este ), who took the name Austria-Este and in 1896 became the heir presumptive of the Habsburg Empire, but was murdered on 28 June 1914 in Sarajevo.

From 1863 onwards, although Armstrong remained the head of his company, he became less involved in its day-to-day running.

In 1863 the population of Sale reached 1800 and it became a borough.