* 1861 – American Civil War: in order to help pay for the war effort, the United States government levies the first income tax as part of the Revenue Act of 1861 ( 3 % of all incomes over US $ 800 ; rescinded in 1872 ).

The first Arbor Day was held on April 10, 1872 and an estimated one million trees were planted that day.

On the first Arbor Day, April 10, 1872, an estimated one million trees were planted.

The first post office opened in 1872.

Heine provided the first published definition of uniform continuity in 1872, but based these ideas on lectures given by Dirichlet in 1854.

Earlier censuses were taken in 1872 ( the first ), 1900, 1920, 1941, 1950, 1960, 1970, 1980, 1991, 2000 and 2010.

Carmilla was first published in the magazine The Dark Blue in 1872, and then in the author's collection of short stories, In a Glass Darkly the same year.

The depression is named after the British Royal Navy survey ship HMS Challenger, whose expedition of 1872 – 1876 made the first recordings of its depth.

* The HMS Challenger expedition ( December 1872 – May 1876 ) first sounded the depths now known as the Challenger Deep.

* 1872 – In Louisiana, P. B. S. Pinchback becomes the first serving African-American governor of a U. S. state.

In the US, the Doctor of Science, Sc. D., is an academic research degree that was first conferred in North America by Harvard University in 1872.

England is the oldest national football team in the world alongside Scotland, whom they played in the world's first international football match in 1872.

The Church considers the first seven Ecumenical Councils ( held between the 4th and the 8th century ) to be the most important ; however, there have been more, specifically the Synods of Constantinople, 879 – 880, 1341, 1347, 1351, 1583, 1819, and 1872, the Synod of Iaşi ( Jassy ), 1642, and the Pan-Orthodox Synod of Jerusalem, 1672, all of which helped to define the Orthodox position.

Thus, it was not until two centuries had passed that in 1872 Karl Weierstrass presented the first definition of a function with a graph that would today be considered fractal, having the non-intuitive property of being everywhere continuous but nowhere differentiable.

* 1872 – The Prohibition Party holds its first national convention in Columbus, Ohio, nominating James Black as its presidential nominee.

In 1872, Douglass became the first African American nominated for Vice President of the United States, as Victoria Woodhull's running mate on the Equal Rights Party ticket.

The city's first population boom came in 1872, with the establishment of an agricultural colony.

Dedekind, whom Cantor befriended in 1872, cited this paper later that year, in the paper where he first set out his celebrated definition of real numbers by Dedekind cuts.

The homilies appeared for the first time in a work called Haschacnapadum at Constantinople in 1737 ; a century afterwards a Greek translation was published at Venice by the Mekhiterists ; and they have since been edited in German by J M Schmid ( Ratisbon, 1872 ).

In 1872 the first horse railway was inaugurated, and from 1893 an electric tram was developed.

Irenaeus ' works were first translated into English by John Keble and published in 1872 as part of the Library of the Fathers series.

The first railway was built between Tokyo and Yokohama in 1872 and many more developed.

* 1872 – Yohannes IV is crowned Emperor of Ethiopia in Axum, the first imperial coronation in that city in over 200 years.

The trench was first sounded during the Challenger expedition ( December 1872 – May 1876 ), which recorded a depth of 4, 475 fathoms, 8, 184 m ( 26, 850 feet ).

The United Kingdom's extremely high literacy rate ( 99 %) is attributable to universal public education introduced for the primary level in 1870 ( Scotland 1872, free 1890 ) and secondary level in 1900.

The church, the market hall of La Rouvenaz, the secondary school ( the building was from 1872 and 1897 ) and the slaughter-house ( 1912 ) were all owned by the county council.

Veghel is an educational centre for the surrounding district with several secondary schools, a senior secondary vocational school, and one of the oldest higher vocational schools in the area: the Pedagogic Academy, which was founded in 1872.

He studied at the age of twelve in the school at Mora Strand before progressing during the autumn of 1872 to a secondary grammar school in Enköping.

In 1872, Prussia recognized the first separate secondary schools for girls.

Upon finishing his secondary education in 1872, he enrolled at the Royal Frederick University in Christiania.

In 1872, Konrad Duden, headmaster of a Gymnasium ( secondary school ) in Schleiz, Thuringia, published a German dictionary called the Schleizer Duden, the first Duden.

He taught in gymnasia ( secondary schools ) from 1868 to 1872.

In practice its secondary work started in 1878 and in March 1881 the School Board, by a resolution in terms of the Education ( Scotland ) Act of 1872, declared the school a Higher-Class School.

In the fall of 1872 he entered the Friedrichskolleg Gymnasium ( Collegium fridericianum, the same school that Immanuel Kant had attended 140 years before ), but after an unhappy period he transferred ( fall 1879 ) to and graduated from ( spring 1880 ) the more science-oriented Wilhelm Gymnasium.

His training was completed in close contact with the Neapolitan school of Verism as a pupil of Domenico Morelli and Stanislao Lista at the Naples Academy from 1872 on.

From 1830 the state began to fund buildings with grants, then from 1846 it was funding schools by direct sponsorship, and in 1872 Scotland moved to a system like that in England of state-sponsored largely free schools, run by local school boards.

In 1872 he wrote an unfavorable column about a female lecturer at the school, accusing her of " seeking liberties " with the young boys in their boarding house.

He was the only child of Albert Enoch Powell ( 1872 – 1956 ), a primary school headmaster, and his wife, Ellen Mary ( 1886 – 1953 ).

The Christian Brothers High School Band is the oldest high school band in America, founded in 1872.

When the British government eventually chose to centralise and regulate the system in 1872 the Scottish school system was initially placed under a " Scotch Education Department " with offices in London.

Located in the campus of the University of Lille in France, École Centrale de Lille is a renowned Graduate Engineering school, with roots back to 1854 as the École des arts industriels et des mines de Lille, re-organised in 1872 as Institut industriel du Nord.

In 1872 lectures and research activities in the engineering school were reorganised into a three-year curriculum and developed within its Institut industriel du Nord, with a focus on civil engineering, mechanical engineering, chemistry and manufacturing engineering.

The Royal School of Needlework ( RSN ) is a hand embroidery school in the United Kingdom, founded in 1872 and now based at Hampton Court Palace.

The first schools were built of logs, but by 1872 one-room frame school houses dotted the county ; in 1900 there were 73.

The Columbia school house was built in 1860, renovated in 1872, and finally closed in 1937.

A Christian church was erected in 1869, a Baptist church in 1871, and a school building in 1872.

Founded in 1872, the community is served by Santa Fe Trail school district USD 434, which also serves Scranton and Overbrook.

The Murray Independent School system has been a part of the Murray community since 1872 when the first school was built in the middle of town.

Prof. Carus was in charge of the school, which was not graded until 1872.

The first churches were built in 1810 and 1872, and the first school was built in 1833.

Construction of the school began in 1871 and classes began in 1872.

That first missionary, Joseph Newsom, opened a school in 1872, and by 1876 a post office and trading post had been established a quarter mile west of the mission at what became known as Shawnee Town.

In 1872 the first school in Wheeler County was established near Mitchell, and in 1874 it was relocated to the town itself.

Mullins ’ first school was established in 1872, which was attended by boys and girls from the town, nearby rural areas, and neighboring counties.

John C. Dewey directed many community activities, including the construction of a school house in 1869 and a Sunday school in 1872.