Alfonso XII ( born Alfonso Francisco de Asís Fernando Pío Juan María de la Concepción Gregorio Pelayo ) ( Madrid, 28 November 1857 – El Pardo, 25 November 1885 ) was King of Spain, reigning from 1874 to 1885, after a coup d ' état restored the monarchy and ended the ephemeral First Spanish Republic.

Within a few days after Canovas del Castillo took power as Premier, the new king, proclaimed on 29 December 1874, arrived at Madrid, passing through Barcelona and Valencia and was acclaimed everywhere ( 1875 ).

Alfonso's short reign established the foundations for the final socioeconomic recuperation of Spain after the 1808 – 1874 crisis.

As editor of the Journal für praktische Chemie ( Journal of practical chemistry, from 1870 to 1884 ), Kolbe was sometimes so severely critical of the work of others, especially after about 1874, that some wondered whether he might have been suffering a mental illness.

* 1874 – Japan launches its postal savings system, modeled after a similar system in the United Kingdom.

In the first election after the Act was passed ( 1885 ), thirteen were elected, up from two in 1874.

The name was really derived from the Norwegian blåhval, coined by Svend Foyn shortly after he had perfected the harpoon gun ; the Norwegian scientist G. O. Sars adopted it as the Norwegian common name in 1874.

Therefore they were not atoms, but a new particle, the first subatomic particle to be discovered, which he originally called " corpuscle " but was later named electron, after particles postulated by George Johnstone Stoney in 1874.

Haeckel's work was published in 1866 and 1874, years after Darwin's " The Origin of Species " ( 1859 ).

It was not until around 1874, some 50 years after his death, that they were taken down and transferred to a canvas support.

Alfonso XII of Spain was duly crowned on 28 December 1874 after returning from exile.

On 1 January 1874 Liegnitz became the third city in Lower Silesia ( after Breslau and Görlitz ) to be raised to an urban district, although the district administrator of the surrounding Landkreis Liegnitz continued to have his seat in the city.

In the 1860s and 1870s, conservative Punch faced competition from upstart liberal journal Fun, but after about 1874, Funs fortunes faded.

In 1874, Muir adopted radian after a consultation with James Thomson.

Paragraph 19 of the revised constitution of 1874 extended the definition of the federal army to every able-bodied male citizen, swelling the size of the army ( at least in theory ) from under 150, 000 to more than 700, 000, with population growth during the 20th century rising further to some 1. 5 million, the second largest armed force per capita after the Israeli Defence Forces.

* 1874 — Meucci, after having renewed the caveat for two years does not renew it again, and the caveat lapses.

Since New York based Thomas would have known about the wide spread hoax and the contents of the 1876 published book were developed during or right after The Great Tom Collins hoax of 1874, the hoax event is the most plausible source of the name for the Tom Collins cocktail.

Currently a training ship at the Massachusetts Maritime Academy, which renamed it after the 1874 Enterprise ( the Academy ’ s first training ship ) before renaming it after the Kennedy Family.

He first wrote of his dirigible interest in 1874 and began to seriously pursue his project after his early retirement from the military in 1890 at the age of 52.

The next production of Tristan was in Weimar in 1874, and Wagner himself supervised another production of Tristan, this time in Berlin, in March 1876, but the opera was only given in his own theatre at the Bayreuth Festival, after Wagner's death.

Joseph F. Glidden of DeKalb, Illinois, received a patent for the modern invention in 1874 after he made his own modifications to previous versions.

Wagner chose the Third, and Bruckner sent him a fair copy soon after, which is why the original version of the Wagner Symphony is preserved so well despite revisions in 1874, 1876, 1877 and 1888 – 9.

The 1874 version has been seldom played and success came only after major revisions in 1878, including a completely new scherzo and finale, and again in 1880 – 1, once again with a completely rewritten finale.

" Furthermore, in 1874 Carte did not yet have the resources to make his idea into reality, and after his season at the Opera Comique, he terminated his lease.

There has not been a monarch known as Alphonso or Alfonso I of Spain, the first king of that name of the unified Spain being Alfonso XII of Spain ( 1874 – 1885 ).

* 1874 – The first Arbor Day is celebrated in Nebraska.

After six years in opposition, Disraeli and the Conservative Party won the election of 1874, giving the party its first absolute majority in the House of Commons since the 1840s.

Her work was selected for exhibition in six subsequent Salons until, in 1874, she joined the " rejected " Impressionists in the first of their own exhibitions, which included Paul Cézanne, Edgar Degas, Claude Monet, Camille Pissarro, Pierre-Auguste Renoir, and Alfred Sisley.

The first British railway to build coaches with bogies, instead of rigidly mounted axles, was the Midland Railway in 1874.

On July 3, 1874 Switzerland's first zoo ( the Zoo Basel ) opened its doors in the south of the city towards Binningen.

It was first described, in 1874, by Karl Ludwig Kahlbaum in Die Katatonie oder das Spannungsirresein ( Catatonia or Tension Insanity ).

It hung in the first Impressionist exhibition in 1874 and is now displayed in the Musée Marmottan Monet in Paris.

Ultimately, two of the league's western clubs went out of business during the first season and the Chicago Fire left that city's White Stockings impoverished, unable to field a team again until 1874.

The first game ever played that resembles the game as it is known today was played between an American team, Harvard, and a Canadian team, McGill University of Montreal in 1874.

The independent Princedom of Serbia, had conducted the first population census in 1834 ; the subsequent censuses were conducted in 1841, 1843, 1846, 1850, 1854, 1859, 1863 and 1866 and 1874.

The following year, in 1874, the group held their first ' Impressionist ' Exhibition, which shocked and “ horrified ” the critics, who primarily appreciated only scenes portraying religious, historical, or mythological settings.

This was replaced only five years later by the first " Christadelphian Hymn Book " ( 1869 ), compiled by J. J. and A. Andrew, and this was revised and expanded in 1874, 1932 and 1964.

The idea that even if the animal were conscious nothing would be added to the production of behavior, even in animals of the human type, was first voiced by La Mettrie ( 1745 ), and then by Cabanis ( 1802 ), and was further explicated by Hodgson ( 1870 ) and Huxley ( 1874 ).

Historian Isabelle Dervaux has described the reception this painting received when it was first exhibited at the official Paris Salon of 1874: " Visitors and critics found its subject baffling, its composition incoherent, and its execution sketchy.

* Spanish foreign minister Juan Valera's Pepita Jimenez ( 1874 ) is writing in three sections, with the first and third being a series of letters, while the middle part is a narration by an unknown observer.

On June 17, 1874, Baudot patented his first printing telegraph ( Patent no.

* 1874 – The Oakland Daily Tribune publishes its first edition.

One of the first movements in Mussorgsky's 1874 work Pictures at an Exhibition, named " Gnomus " ( Latin for " The Gnome "), is written to sound as if a gnome is moving about, his movements constantly changing in speed.

The complete Requiem was first performed at the cathedral in Milan on 22 May 1874.

One member of this commune was Josiah Warren ( 1798 – 1874 ), considered to be the first individualist anarchist.

In total, thirty artists participated in their first exhibition, held in April 1874 at the studio of the photographer Nadar.

* 1874 – The Sholes and Glidden typewriter, the first commercially successful typewriter, goes on sale.