* Henry Austin ( architect ) ( 1804 – 1891 ), American architect

* 1809 – Hannibal Hamlin, American politician, 15th Vice President of the United States ( d. 1891 )

* 1819 – Herman Melville, American writer ( d. 1891 )

* 1891 – Henry O ' Neill, American actor ( d. 1961 )

* 1891 – P. T. Barnum, American showman, businessman, scam artist, and entertainer ( b. 1810 )

The most successful was the American Association ( 1881 – 1891 ), sometimes called the " beer and whiskey league " for its tolerance of the sale of alcoholic beverages to spectators.

In early December 1891, Canadian American Dr. James Naismith, a physical education professor and instructor at the International Young Men's Christian Association Training School ( YMCA ) ( today, Springfield College ) in Springfield, Massachusetts, USA ), was trying to keep his gym class active on a rainy day.

* Marvin Cone ( 1891 – 1965 ), an American painter

* 1891 – Henry Miller, American writer ( d. 1980 )

According to William Loeffler, from The American Book of the Dog ( 1891 ), in the chapter on Dachshunds: " The origin of the Dachshund is in doubt, our best authorities disagreeing as to the beginning of the breed.

* 1850 – Emma Abbott, American singer ( d. 1891 )

* 1825 – Samuel Newitt Wood, American Politician ( d. 1891 )

Emma Abbott ( December 9, 1850 – January 5, 1891 ) was an American operatic soprano and impresario known for her pure, clear voice of great flexibility and volume.

* 1819 – James Russell Lowell, American poet and essayist ( d. 1891 )

* 1891 – Ann Little, American actress ( d. 1984 )

* 1891 – Grant Wood, American painter ( d. 1942 )

* Historical development of the horseshoe 1891 Scientific American article from Project Gutenberg

Herman Melville ( August 1, 1819 – September 28, 1891 ) was an American novelist, short story writer, essayist, and poet.

George Hearst ( 1820 – 1891 ), American publisher and U. S. senator, entered the newspaper business in 1880, acquiring the San Francisco Daily Examiner.

* 1891 – Ray Chapman, American baseball player ( d. 1920 )

* 1891 – Frank Costello, Italian-born American gangster ( d. 1973 )

* 1980 – Henry Miller, American writer ( b. 1891 )

* 1891 – Hannibal Hamlin, American politician, 15th Vice President of the United States ( b. 1809 )

* 1810 – P. T. Barnum, American businessman, founded Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus ( d. 1891 )

* 1891 – John Howard Northrop, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1987 )

John T. Arundel and Company, a British firm using a competing claim to the island by the UK, made the island its headquarters for its guano-digging operations in the Pacific from 1886 to 1891.

* John Wodehouse, 1st Earl of Kimberley 1891 – 1894

* John Frederick Kiley outfielder for the Washington Nationals ( 1884 ) and Boston Beaneaters ( 1891 )

John T. Arundel and Company, a British firm using laborers from the Cook Islands and Niue, occupied the island from 1886 to 1891.

He published them in two collections, each issued in a tiny edition of 25 copies for his relatives and friends: John Marr ( 1888 ) and Timoleon ( 1891 ).

* 1815 – John A. Macdonald, 1st Prime Minister of Canada ( d. 1891 )

Sir John Alexander Macdonald, ( 11 January 1815 – 6 June 1891 ), was the first Prime Minister of Canada.

* 1891 – John Abbott becomes Canada's third Prime Minister.

* 1850 – John Wellborn Root, American architect ( d. 1891 )

* John Brown ( American football, born 1891 ) ( 1891 – 1963 ), player for Navy, College Football Hall of Fame inductee

* John Walker ( rower ) ( 1891 – 1952 ), British coxswain and Olympic medalist

Accompanied by the John Sealy Hospital Training School for Nurses, which was opened two months after the hospital, the foundation became the primary teaching facility of University of Texas Medical Branch opened in October 1891.

* 1987 – John Howard Northrop, American chemist, Nobel laureate ( b. 1891 )

* 1978 – John Meighan, Irish Clann na Talmhan politician ( b. 1891 )

Edgar Saltus's historical fiction novel Mary Magdalene: A Chronicle ( 1891 ) depicts her as a heroine living in a castle at Magdala, who moves to Rome becoming the " toast of the tetrarchy ", telling John The Baptist she will " drink pearls ... sup on peacock's tongues.

Two former prime ministers — Sir John Joseph Caldwell Abbott and Sir Mackenzie Bowell — served in the 1890s while members of the Senate ; both, in their roles as Government Leader in the Senate, succeeded prime ministers who died in office ( John A. Macdonald in 1891 and John Sparrow David Thompson in 1894 ), a convention that has since evolved toward the appointment of an interim leader in such a scenario.

Sir John A. Macdonald, the first Prime Minister of Canada ( 1867 – 1873, 1878 – 1891 )

Color photography is almost as old as black-and-white, with early experiments dating to John Herschel's experiments with Anthotype from 1842, and Lippmann plate from 1891.

The 1891 founding professors included Robert Allardice in mathematics, Douglas Houghton Campbell in botany, Charles Henry Gilbert in zoology, George Elliott Howard in history, Oliver Peebles Jenkins in physiology and histology, Charles David Marx in civil engineering, Fernando Sanford in physics and John Maxson Stillman in chemistry.

A comprehensive study of scatology was documented by John Gregory Bourke under the title Rites of All Nations ( 1891 ).

In August 1891, British physician Sir Morell Mackenzie wrote an article in the 19th century influential magazines Fortnightly Review to establish England as the originating country for the Tom Collins cocktail and a person named John Collins as its creator.