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In 1923, Compton published a paper in the Physical Review which explained the X-ray shift by attributing particle-like momentum to “ photons ” which Einstein had invoked the use of for his Nobel prize winning explanation of the photo-electric effect, however was first postulated ( unenthusiastically ) by Planck, these " particles " conceptualized as elements of light “ quantized ” as containing a specific amount of energy depending only on the frequency of the light.
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1923 and Compton
Although these semiclassical models contributed to the development of quantum mechanics, many further experiments starting with Compton scattering of single photons by electrons, first observed in 1923, validated Einstein's hypothesis that light itself is quantized.
Isaac Asimov credits Arthur Compton with defining quanta of energy as photons in 1923.
The Compton effect was observed by Arthur Holly Compton in 1923 at Washington University in St. Louis and further verified by his graduate student Y. H. Woo in the years following.
Between 1920 and 1923, the noted Scottish writer and founder of the Scottish National Party Compton Mackenzie was tenant of the island ; among his best known works are The Monarch of the Glen and Whisky Galore.
In 1923, through the work of the physicist Arthur Holly Compton at the Washington University in St. Louis, the existence of Einstein's light-particle was made undeniably plain to physicists.
The National Gramophonic Society ( NGS ) was founded in England in 1923 by the novelist Compton Mackenzie to promote music which was ignored by major music companies.
1923 and published
He explained his reasoning in four books published in 1918, 1923, 1931 ( 1932 in the UK ) and 1942.
In the United States, all books and other works published before 1923 have expired copyrights and are in the public domain.
In the 1924 national election, the Munich cultural journal Süddeutsche Monatshefte published a series of articles blaming the SPD and trade unions for Germany's defeat in World War I, which came out during the trial of Adolf Hitler and Ludendorff for high treason following the Beer Hall Putsch in 1923.
Georg Lukács, minister of Culture in the brief Béla Kun government of the Hungarian Soviet Republic ( 1919 ), published History and Class Consciousness ( 1923 ), which defined dialectical materialism as the knowledge of society as a whole, knowledge which, in itself, was immediately the class consciousness of the proletariat.
In 1923, Johannes Nicolaus Brønsted and Martin Lowry published essentially the same theory about how acids and bases behave, using an electrochemical basis.
All works published before 1923 are public domain in the U. S. However, there is some disagreement over who exactly owns or owned the copyrights and whether the copyrights apply to the majority of Lovecraft's works published post-1923.
He was the subject of the first Time cover ever published, appearing on March 3, 1923.
Schwitters published a periodical, also called Merz, between 1923 – 32, in which each issue was devoted to a central theme.
All of the works published before 1923 are in the public domain in the United States.
* 1923 – TIME magazine is published for the first time.
Her game, The Landlord's Game, was commercially published in 1923.
In 1923, Hermann Oberth ( 1894 – 1989 ) published Die Rakete zu den Planetenräumen (" The Rocket into Planetary Space "), a version of his doctoral thesis, after the University of Munich rejected it.
The idea appeared again in Hermann Oberth's " Wege zur Raumschiffahrt ” ( Ways to Spaceflight ), published in 1923, where he explained his thoughts on the mass savings of electric propulsion, predicted its use in spacecraft propulsion and attitude control, and advocated electrostatic acceleration of charged gases.
Cover of the original 1876 EditionThe first edition of the book, whose full title was Pocket Manual of Rules of Order for Deliberative Assemblies, was published in February 1876 by then U. S. Army Colonel Henry Martyn Robert ( 1837 – 1923 ) with the short title Robert's Rules of Order placed on its cover.
Robert himself published the first four editions before his death in 1923, the last being the thoroughly revised and expanded fourth edition published as Robert's Rules of Order Revised in May 1915.
* Composer Katherine Allan Lively dedicated her piano composition, Within the Walls of China: A Chinese Episode, to Barthelmess in the sheet music published in 1923 by G. Schirmer, Inc. An article in The Music Trades reported that Mrs. Lively was inspired by a viewing of the film, Broken Blossoms, and performed the piece for Mr. Barthelmess and his friends in New York in the summer of 1922
In 1923, Valentino published a book of poetry titled Day Dreams, He would later serialize events in various magazines.
His earliest published play was Blodeuwedd ( The woman of flowers ) ( 1923 – 25, revised 1948 ).
However, Williams, like his peer and friend Ezra Pound, had already rejected the Imagist movement by the time this poem was published as part of Spring and All in 1923.
* January 1 – Assuming that the copyright laws are not changed further, all works published in 1923 enter the public domain in the U. S., the first works to do so since the passage of the 1998 Sonny Bono Copyright Term Extension Act.
Tom Swift and His Wizard Camera ( 1912 ) features a portable movie camera, not invented until 1923, and Tom Swift and His Electric Locomotive ( 1922 ) was published two years before the Central Railroad of New Jersey placed the first diesel electric locomotive into service.
He published his " gentle manifesto, " Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture " in 1966, described in the introduction by Vincent Scully to be " probably the most important writing on the making of architecture since Le Corbusier's ' Vers Une Architecture ', of 1923.
1923 and paper
At the conclusion of Compton's 1923 paper, he reported results of experiments confirming the predictions of his scattering formula thus supporting the assumption that photons carry directed momentum as well as quantized energy.
* ( the original 1923 paper on the AIP website )
Venn diagrams were introduced in 1880 by John Venn ( 1834 – 1923 ) in a paper entitled " On the Diagrammatic and Mechanical Representation of Propositions and Reasonings " in the " Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science ", about the different ways to represent propositions by diagrams.
Fearful of a re-Germanization of the city, the Polish paper Słowo Pomorskie ( 23. 19. 1923 ) criticized the authorities of Grudziądz for tolerating the local German amateur theatre " Deutsche Bühne ".
" Hermann Oberth was finally awarded his doctorate in physics with the same rocketry paper that he had written before, by the University, Cluj, Romania, under professor Augustin Maior, on May 23, 1923.
File: Picabia SelfDrawing. JPG | Self-Portrait, c. 1923, ink on paper, 25 × 21 cm, private collection
* R Abell: " Single Valve Internal Combustion Engine Design and Operation ", SAE Journal, Oct 1923, pp 301-309 ( Another type of non-poppet valve, used also by Lotus in a 2-stroke engine-SAE paper 920779 )
In 1923, Thoralf Skolem published a paper in which he presented a semi-formal system, which is now known as primitive recursive arithmetic, that is widely taken to be a suitable background for finitist mathematics.
In 1923 Siqueiros helped found the Syndicate of Revolutionary Mexican Painters, Sculptors and Engravers, which addressed the problem of widespread public access through its union paper, El Machete.
The paper was a significant participant in the activities of the International Ladies ' Garment Workers ' Union ; Benjamin Schlesinger, a former president of the ILGWU, became the General Manager of the paper in 1923, then returned to the Presidency of the union in 1928.
In 1923, a man came up to the young newsboy, purchased every paper he had and asked him if he wanted to see the show in town, giving him a ticket.
The Capgras delusion is named after Joseph Capgras ( 1873 – 1950 ), a French psychiatrist who first described the disorder in 1923 in his paper co-authored by Reboul-Lachaux, on the case of a French woman who complained that corresponding " doubles " had taken the places of her husband and other people she knew.
In 1923 the first college paper, The Collegian, was published.
He ran the paper until 1923, when he gave it to his sons as a reward for their war service.
In 1923, she returned to Paris and, with the backing of Peggy Guggenheim, started a business designing and making lampshades, glass novelties, paper cut-outs and painted flower arrangements.
In 1923, he and his mother, Yevrosinya Martinovna, moved to the city of Makarev ( near Ivanovo-Voznesensk ) where he worked as a fitter in a paper mill.
He wrote the alkali halide paper in 1923, having " by the summer of 1922 " been " thoroughly indoctrinated ... with quantum theory ", in part by the courses of Edwin Kemble following a fascination with Bohr's work during his undergraduate days.
On July 19, 1923, Sovnarkhoz of Karelia ratified the formation of a building society to build a hydroelectric power station and a major pulp and paper mill ( Kondostroy ).
In 1923 long after the discontinuation of the Model 1889, the GP90 / 23 7. 5x53. 5mm round was produced without the paper patching.
In 1923 a second paper making machine designated No. 3 was transferred from the Riverhead mill ( which was subsequently closed ) to join the No. 2 machine, which up till then had been the only machine at the mill.
In 1923, Packer became a cadet journalist on his father's paper, The Daily Guardian.
Despite its Confederate background the paper won a Pulitzer Prize in 1923 for its coverage and editorial opposition to the resurgent Ku Klux Klan.
* Shacks, watercolor on paper, 1923
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