Other more recent political figures educated at Columbia include U. S President Barack Obama, Associate Justice of the U. S. Supreme Court Ruth Bader Ginsburg, former U. S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright, former chairman of the U. S. Federal Reserve Bank Alan Greenspan, U. S. Attorney General Eric Holder, and U. S. Solicitor General Donald Verrilli Jr .. Dwight D. Eisenhower served as the thirteenth president of Columbia University from 1948 to 1953.

* 1948 – Alan Parsons, British music producer and artist

* Jews and Baseball: Entering the American mainstream, 1871 – 1948, Burton Alan Boxerman, Benita W. Boxerman, McFarland, 2006, ISBN 0-7864-2828-7

In 1948, Alan Nevins, a Columbia University historian, established the Columbia Oral History Research Office, with a mission of recording, transcribing, and preserving oral history interviews.

Reality television began in 1948 with Alan Funt's TV series Candid Camera.

* Alan Williams ( born Alan James Williams, 23 December 1948, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire )-vocals, guitar

* Saigon ( 1948 film ), a 1948 film starring Alan Ladd and Veronica Lake

Alan Paige Lightman ( born November 28, 1948 in Memphis, Tennessee ) is an American physicist, writer, and social entrepreneur.

* The Alan Dale Show premieres ( 1948 – 1951 ).

The show's music was provided by Alan Roth ( 1948 – 1955 ) and Victor Young ( 1955 – 1956 ).

** 21 November 1945 – 14 May 1948 Sir Alan Gordon Cunningham ( 1887 – 1983 )

* Alan Pryce-Jones 1948

* Alan Simpson ( MP ) ( born 1948 ), British politician

Russell later appeared in the more popular films Calcutta ( 1947 ) with Alan Ladd and the two with John Wayne, Angel and the Badman ( 1947 ) and Wake of the Red Witch ( 1948 ).

He was replaced by Skip Alan ( born Alan Ernest Skipper, 11 June 1948, Westminster, London ).

Lost in the Stars is a musical with book and lyrics by Maxwell Anderson and music by Kurt Weill, based on the novel Cry, the Beloved Country ( 1948 ) by Alan Paton.

Alan Paton published the acclaimed novel Cry, the Beloved Country in 1948.

* Alan Campbell ( Scottish footballer ) ( born 1948 ), former Scottish football midfielder

Charles Alan Pownall approved the flag's shape in 1948.

Alan Pearlman was an engineering student at Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Massachusetts in 1948 when he foresaw the coming age of electronic music and synthesizers.

" When the candy-chocked shmoos were dropped, a near-riot resulted ," ( reported in Newsweek — October 11, 1948 ).

Evidence suggests a third release in 1938, consisting of toads being used for human pregnancy tests — many species of toad were found to be effective for this task, and were employed for about 20 years after the discovery was announced in 1948.

" — On What There Is, 1948 ).

* Radio-Craft — July 1929 to June 1948 — became Radio-Electronics

* Radio Electronics — July 1948 to January 2003

* Radio News — July 1919 ( as Radio Amateur News ) to July 1948

In two 1936 patent applications, Konrad Zuse also anticipated that machine instructions could be stored in the same storage used for data — the key insight of what became known as the von Neumann architecture, first implemented in the British SSEM of 1948.

Zuse also claimed to have designed the first higher-level programming language, which he named Plankalkül, in 1945 ( published in 1948 ) although it was implemented for the first time in 2000 by a team around Raúl Rojas at the Free University of Berlin — five years after Zuse died.

* 1948 – 1950 VJ — Willys Jeepster

Those two championships mark the Eagles as the only NFL team ever to win back-to-back championships by shutouts, defeating the Chicago Cardinals, 7 – 0, in 1948 — in a blizzard — and the Los Angeles Rams, 14 – 0, in 1949.

< tr bgcolor ="# FFE8E8 ">< td > — < td > Robert Cosgrove < td > Labor < td > 25 February 1948 < td > 26 August 1958

* 1948 — 15, 872, 625

Both attempts ( in 1948 and 1968 ) failed, but not by much — in both cases a shift in the result of two close states would have forced the respective elections into the House.

* Kurzman, Dan ( 1970 ), Genesis 1948 — the first Arab-Israeli war, New American Library, New York, Library of Congress CCN: 77-96925

uk: Арабо-ізраїльська війна 1948 — 49

The term think tank itself, however, originally referred to organizations that offered military advice — most notably the RAND Corporation, founded originally in 1946 as an offshoot of Douglas Aircraft, and which became an independent corporation in 1948.

* 1948: Best Director — Gentleman's Agreement

* The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict — An overview of the conflict between Israel and the Palestinians from 1948 through the present day.

1948 brought the ultimate victory of the Communists, and the subsequent end of civil freedoms — any literature contrary to the official perspective was banned and the authors persecuted.

* Japanese — Osamu Shimizu: Moonlight and Pierrot Suite ( 1948 / 49 ; male chorus ; text by Horiguchi Daigaku ).

This event was repeated in 1947, and in 1948 an even more ambitious one was held, the Gran Premio de la América del Sur from Buenos Aires to Caracas, Venezuela — Fangio had an accident in which his co-driver was killed.