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In 1949, the Soviet Union, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, and Romania founded the Comecon in accordance with Stalin's desire to enforce Soviet domination of the lesser states of Central Europe and to mollify some states that had expressed interest in the Marshall Plan, and which were now, increasingly, cut off from their traditional markets and suppliers in Western Europe.
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1949 and Soviet
* 1949 – Soviet atomic bomb project: The Soviet Union tests its first atomic bomb, known as First Lightning or Joe 1, at Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan.
The first Soviet atomic device was tested on August 29, 1949.
The Eastern leaders retaliated against these steps by integrating the economies of their nations in Comecon, their version of the Marshall Plan ; exploding the first Soviet atomic device in 1949 ; signing an alliance with People's Republic of China in February 1950 ; and forming the Warsaw Pact, Eastern Europe's counterpart to NATO, in 1955.
* 1949 – Mikhail Boyarsky, Soviet / Russian actor and singer
After the detonation of the first Soviet fission bomb in August 1949, he, along with Isidor Rabi, wrote a strongly worded report for the committee which opposed the development of a hydrogen bomb on moral and technical grounds.
The German Democratic Republic ( GDR ; German: Deutsche Demokratische Republik or DDR ), informally known as East Germany ( German: Ostdeutschland ), was a socialist state established by the Soviet Union in 1949 out of the Soviet zone of occupied Germany, including East Berlin of the Allied-occupied capital city.
In 1955, the USSR declared the Soviet occupation zone – the historic middle portion of Germany – to be a sovereign state named the Deutsche Demokratische Republik ( German Democratic Republic, established in 1949 ), while the Red Army and the Western Allies ' occupation forces remained in place under the tripartite Potsdam Agreement ( 1945 ) which established the Allied Occupation of Germany.
Germany 1949: West Germany ( blue ) comprised the Western Allies ' zones, excluding the Saar ( protectorate ) | Saarland ( purple ); the Soviet zone, East Germany ( red ) surrounded West Berlin ( yellow )
In 1949 the Soviet zone became the " Deutsche Demokratische Republik " – " DDR " (" German Democratic Republic " – " GDR ", simply often " East Germany "), under control of the German Communist Party.
In 1949, the insurgents suffered a major blow, as Yugoslavia closed its borders following the split between Marshal Josip Broz Tito with the Soviet Union.
In 1949 Albania adopted the basic elements of the Soviet fiscal system, under which state enterprises paid direct contributions to the treasury from their profits and kept only a share authorized for self-financed investments and other purposes.
Mao in 1949 set China in an isolationist, and communist country, along with their Soviet benefactors.
By 1949 the U. S. and Britain agreed that West Germany had to be rearmed to strengthen the defenses of Western Europe against a possible Soviet invasion.
Revolutionary socialist governments espousing Marxist concepts took power in a variety of countries in the 20th century, leading to the formation of such socialist states as the Soviet Union in 1922 and the People's Republic of China in 1949.
* Venona: Soviet Espionage and the American Response ( CIA publication ), contains letter from agents in 1949 about Klaus Fuchs.
* Viktor Kuznetsov ( footballer ) ( born 1949 ), Soviet international footballer
In December 1944, Beria's NKVD was assigned to supervise the Soviet atomic bomb project (" Task No. 1 "), which built and tested a bomb by 29 August 1949.
* 1949 – The Soviet Union lifts its blockade of Berlin.
* 1949 – Natalia Kuchinskaya, Soviet gymnast
China returned to civil war between the Western-backed Kuomintang versus Mao Zedong's Communists supported by the Soviet Union with the Communists seizing control of all of mainland China in 1949, creating the People's Republic of China ( PRC ).
The consolidation of Syngman Rhee's government in the South with American military support and the suppression of the October 1948 insurrection ended hopes that the country could be reunified by way of Stalinist revolution in the South, and from early 1949 Kim sought Soviet and Chinese support for a military campaign to reunify the country by force.
1949 and Union
In 1949, Camus founded the Group for International Liaisons within the Revolutionary Union Movement after his split with Garry Davis ' movement Citizens of the World, which the surrealist André Breton was also a member.
He was elected President of the South African Baptist Union in 1949 and spent a year visiting churches and mission stations.
The company was registered again in West Germany as Auto Union GmbH in 1949, first as a spare-part provider, but soon to take up production of the RT 125 motorcycle and a newly developed delivery van, called a Schnellaster F800.
This name was officially adopted by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry in 1949, becoming the second element after gallium to be named after France.
There is a multi-party system that, since 1949, has been dominated by the Christian Democratic Union ( CDU ) and the Social Democratic Party of Germany ( SPD ).
He was the first chancellor ( top official ) of the FRG, 1949 – 63, and until his death was the founder and leader of the Christian Democratic Union ( CDU ), a coalition of conservatives, ordoliberals, and adherents of Protestant and Catholic social teaching that dominated West Germany politics for most of its history.
Its main allies are the United States, the other NATO countries ( Italy was one of the founding countries of the organization in 1949 ), and the European Union.
vol 1 ( 1949 ), John Quincy Adams and the Union ( 1956 ), vol 2.
* 1949 – The merger of two princely states of India, Cochin and Travancore, into the state of Thiru-Kochi ( later re-organized as Kerala ) in the Indian Union ends more than 1, 000 years of princely rule by the Cochin Royal Family.
Theodor Heuss was elected the first President of the Republic, and Adenauer was elected Chancellor ( head of government ) on 16 September 1949 with the support of his own CDU, the Christian Social Union and the liberal Free Democratic Party.
By the time the first national elections were held in the Federal Republic in 1949, Kiesinger had joined the Christian Democratic Union ( CDU ) and won a seat in the Bundestag, the West German parliament.
To end this confusion, the name niobium was chosen for element 41 at the 15th Conference of the Union of Chemistry in Amsterdam in 1949.
* 1949 – The diplomatic relations between the Soviet Union and the German Democratic Republic are established.
In 1949, Norway, Denmark, and Iceland became founding members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization for their defense against Germany, the Soviet Union, and all other potential invaders, and these three countries remain members as of 2011.
* India — Hindi Day as Constituent Assembly adopted Hindi as the Official Language of the Union on 14th September 1949.
But with the Soviet Union gaining possession of atomic weapons in 1949, SAC was forced to rethink its nuclear strategy.
* Operation Dropshot, an all-out U. S. war with the Soviet Union, is expected to be triggered by the Soviet takeover of Western Europe, the Near East and parts of Eastern Asia, as it was anticipated in 1949.
It came into being on 7 December 1949 following a split within the World Federation of Trade Unions ( WFTU ), and was dissolved on 31 October 2006 when it merged with the World Confederation of Labour ( WCL ) to form the International Trade Union Confederation ( ITUC ).
1949 and Bulgaria
On the other hand, keeping with the Bulgarian example, it could be argued that the People's Republic of Bulgaria under Prime Minister Georgi Dimitrov ( 1946 – 1949 ) was far from being a Soviet puppet.
In Bulgaria, when it appeared that Traicho Kostov, who was not a Moscow cadre, was next in line for leadership, in June 1949, Stalin ordered Kostov's arrest, followed soon thereafter by a death sentence and execution.
See Georgi Dimitrov Mausoleum ( Bulgaria, 1949 ), Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum ( Vietnam, 1973 ), Kumsusan Memorial Palace ( North Korea, 1994 ).
He was the first Communist leader of Bulgaria, from 1946 to 1949.
The founding of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance ( also referred to as Comecon, CMEA, CEMA, or the Council ) dates from a January 1949 communiqué agreed upon by the Soviet Union, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, and Romania in Moscow.
Falling victim to Cold War tensions, JDC was expelled from Romania, Poland, and Bulgaria in 1949, from Czechoslovakia in 1950, and from Hungary in 1953.
Sandanski (, formerly, until 1949 Свети Врач, Sveti Vrach ) is a town and a recreation centre in south-western Bulgaria, part of Blagoevgrad Province.
In 1949 the authorities changed the club's name to Dinamo following the Soviet traditions, but after the destalinization of Bulgaria, it was reverted back in 1957.
Her father, born Hassan Halilov Ibrahimoff ( March 21, 1920 – March 6, 2009 ), worked at a race track ; he was a Bulgarian Muslim immigrant, born in Oraio, Xanthi, Greece, and lived in Bulgaria, where his half brother Ferhat still lives, before moving to the United States on May 4, 1949.
His final national team appearance was for Czechoslovakia in a 3-1 defeat against Bulgaria on 4 September 1949.
In 1949 foreign priests were forbidden to preach in Bulgaria, and the papal nuncio was forbidden to return to Bulgaria.
In 1949 thirty-one Protestant clergymen were charged with working for American intelligence and running a spy ring in Bulgaria.
During the Communist rule of Bulgaria it was called Dimitrovo between 1949 and 1962 after Bulgarian Communist leader Georgi Dimitrov.
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