* Basil Gounaris, " From Peasants into Urbanites, from Village into Nation: Ottoman Monastir in the Early Twentieth Century ", European History Quarterly 31: 1 ( 2001 ), pp. 43 – 63.

Section 211 has been challenged unsuccessfully by the Cuban government and the European Union in US courts ; however, the act has been ruled illegal by the WTO ( August 2001 ).

Official decennial censuses have been taken in Hungary since 1870 ; the latest one – in line with the recommendations of the United Nations and the Statistical Office of the European Union – was carried out in 2001.

* Electronic Communications Committee ( ECC )-responsible for radiocommunications and telecommunications matters and formed by the merger of ECTRA and ERC ( European Radiocommunications Committee ) in September 2001

Its capabilities and political implications were investigated by a committee of the European Parliament during 2000 and 2001 with a report published in 2001, and by author James Bamford in his books on the National Security Agency of the United States.

The report to the European Parliament of 2001 states: " If UKUSA states operate listening stations in the relevant regions of the earth, in principle they can intercept all telephone, fax and data traffic transmitted via such satellites.

In 2001 the Temporary Committee on the ECHELON Interception System recommended to the European Parliament that citizens of member states routinely use cryptography in their communications to protect their privacy, because economic espionage with ECHELON has been conducted by the US intelligence agences.

The 2001 European Parliamentary ( EP ) report lists several ground stations as possibly belonging to, or participating in, the ECHELON network.

The Council Regulation on the Statute for a European Company 2157 / 2001 is an EU Regulation containing the rules for a public EU company, called a Societas Europaea, or " SE ".

Council Regulation ( EC ) No 2157 / 2001 of 8 October 2001 on the Statute for a European company ( SE ).

Council Directive 2001 / 86 / EC of 8 October 2001 supplementing the Statute for a European company with regard to the involvement of employees.

The European Public Limited-Liability Company Regulations 2004 came in to force on 8 October and give effect to The European Company Statute Regulation, ( Council Regulation EC no. 2157 / 2001 ) which gives the framework for a new form of company, the European Public Limited-Liability Company or Societas Europaea ( SE ).

The regulation is complemented by the Council Directive supplementing the Statute for a European Company with regard to the involvement of employees ( informally " Council Directive on Employee Participation "), adopted 8 October 2001.

Category: 2001 in the European Union

In 2001 Finland's outsourced proportion of spending was below Sweden's and above most other Western European countries.

The European Commission had some difficulty funding the project's next stage, after several allegedly " per annum " sales projection graphs for the project were exposed in November 2001 as " cumulative " projections ( which for each year projected, necessarily included all previous years of sales ).

Additionally, following the September 11, 2001 attacks, the United States Government wrote to the European Union opposing the project, arguing that it would end the ability of the United States to shut down satellite navigation in times of military operations.

Letter from Paul Wolfowitz to the Minister ( government ) | Ministers of the Member State of the European Union | EU states from December 2001 as part of the US-lobbying campaign against Galileo

In early 2001 Massoud addressed the European Parliament in Brussels asking the international community to provide humanitarian help to the people of Afghanistan.

He has been a member of Carlyle Group's European Advisory Board since 1998 and was appointed Chairman of Carlyle Europe in May 2001.

* 2001 – FBI agent Robert Hanssen is arrested for spying for the Soviet Union.

Gaddafi also styled himself as an advocate of Pan-Africanism, and was active in the establishment of the African Union in 2001.

International observers judged the 2001 elections to be acceptable, but the Union for Victory Coalition, the second-largest vote recipient, disputed the results and boycotted parliament until 31 January 2002.

National elections held on 13 May 2001 returned Berlusconi to power at the head of the five-party center-right " Freedom House " coalition, comprising the prime minister's own party, Forza Italia, the National Alliance, the Northern League, the Christian Democratic Center, and the Democrats ' Center Union.

In July 2001, the center-left New Union party forged an alliance with the Social Democratic Party of Lithuania and formed a new cabinet under former president Algirdas Brazauskas.

This was Gorbachev's third attempt to establish a political party, having started the Social Democratic Party of Russia in 2001 and the Union of Social-Democrats in 2007.

In 2001 the DPRK received nearly $ 300 million USD in food aid from the U. S., South Korea, Japan, and the European Union, plus much additional aid from the United Nations and non-governmental organizations.

Following the signing of Treaties of Nice in May 2001, which made Brussels the de facto capital of the European Union, the then President of the European Commission, Romano Prodi and the Belgian Prime Minister Guy Verhofstadt invited Koolhaas to discuss the necessities and requirements of a European capital.

In May 2001, India's Union Minister for Human Resource Development, Science and Technology division, Murli Manohar Joshi, announced that the ruins of an ancient civilization had been discovered off the coast of Gujarat, in the Gulf of Khambhat.

Real GDP growth since 2001 has averaged 2. 8 percent, nearly 2 percentage points lower than growth in other Southern African Customs Union ( SACU ) member countries.

On Thursday and Friday, September 14 – 15 September 2001, various relief supplies for the World Trade Center relief effort were collected from the New York City area, and dropped off at the Javits Convention Center or at a staging area at Union Square.

In October 2001, the European Commission adopted proposals for a Single European Sky, to create a Union regulator for air traffic management within the EU, Norway and Switzerland.

SLD formed a coalition with Labour Union before the 2001 Polish election and won it overwhelmingly at last by capturing about 5. 3 million votes, 42 % of the whole and won 200 of 460 seats in the Sejm and 75 of 100 in the Senate.

European Union Directives which largely cover the subject matter of the treaty are: Directive 91 / 250 / EC creating copyright protection for software, Directive 96 / 9 / EC on copyright protection for databases and Directive 2001 / 29 / EC prohibiting devices for circumventing " technical protection measures " such as digital rights management.

Livermore has been working on global security and homeland security for decades, predating both the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 and the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks.

Category: 2001 in the European Union

In February 2001, European leaders met at Nice to negotiate and sign what is now the Treaty of Nice amending the institutions of the European Union.

Also, IBM is explicitly mentioned in the film 2001, as are many other real companies.

On April 26, 2001, he wrote a letter to Fox News, I Explain Herein Why I Bombed the Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, which explicitly laid out his reasons for the attack.

The Bush administration explicitly rejected the protocol in 2001.

More recent films that have explicitly explored parallel universes are: the 2000 film The Family Man, the 2001 cult movie Donnie Darko, which deals with what it terms a " tangent universe " that erupts from our own universe ; Super Mario Bros. ( 1993 ) has the eponymous heroes cross over into a parallel universe ruled by humanoids who evolved from dinosaurs ; The One ( 2001 ) starring Jet Li, in which there is a complex system of realities in which Jet Li's character is a police officer in one universe and a serial killer in another, who travels to other universes to destroy versions of himself, so that he can take their energy ; and FAQ: Frequently Asked Questions ( 2004 ), the main character runs away from a totalitarian nightmare, and he enters into a cyber-afterlife alternative reality.

In September 2001, Barbara Frale found a copy of the Chinon Parchment in the Vatican Secret Archives, a document which explicitly confirms that in 1308 Pope Clement V absolved Jacques de Molay and other leaders of the Order including Geoffroi de Charney and Hugues de Pairaud.

Remedy Entertainment's 2001 video game Max Payne contains a slow-motion mechanic that allows players to view the paths of bullets, an effect explicitly referred to as " Bullet Time ".

Though DES was initially formulated for the Spalart-Allmaras model ( Spalart et al., 1997 ), it can be implemented with other RANS models ( Strelets, 2001 ), by appropriately modifying the length scale which is explicitly or implicitly involved in the RANS model.

* 2001 Following the publication of the IPCC Third Assessment Report, seventeen national science academies issued a joint statement, entitled " The Science of Climate Change ", explicitly acknowledging the IPCC position as representing the scientific consensus on climate change science.

The categorization into subfamilies follows Raven ( 2009 ) with the exception of the Systariinae and Eutichurinae which were explicitly excluded by Raven ( 2009 ) and by Deeleman-Reinhold ( 2001 ).

Despite the county's name being upheld as Offaly through the 2001 Local Government Act, no legislation was ever enacted after independence explicitly changing the name from King's County, the name formally established under the 1898 Local Government Act which continued to have legal effect.

Although the KSK was not explicitly restricted to male troops since the Bundeswehr opened all units to women in 2001, so far, no woman has been able to pass the physical requirements of the KSK.

During this process, significant amendments were made to the CBRT Law on 25 April 2001 ; above all, it was explicitly described in the Law that the primary objective of the Central Bank was to achieve and maintain price stability.

" Similarly, the 2001 MRC Hydropower Development Strategy explicitly disavowed the " promotion of specific projects " in favor of " basin-wide issues.

United Nations General Assembly Resolution 55 / 153, written in 2001, explicitly states: “ When part of the territory of a state is transferred by that state to another state, the successor state shall attribute its nationality to the persons concerned who have their habitual residence in the transferred territory and the predecessor state shall withdraw its nationality from such persons ,” meaning Israel can legally transfer territory as a means of peace and ultimate conflict resolution.

The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 ( NCLB ) is aimed explicitly at reducing achievement gaps by race.

Bob le flambeur influenced the two versions of the American film " Ocean's Eleven " ( 1960 and 2001 ) was explicitly remade by Neil Jordan as The Good Thief in 2002.