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Abrams and Holmes
Having read Chafee's article, Holmes decided to retroactively reinterpret what he had meant by " clear and present danger " and accepted Chafee's characterization of the new test in his dissent in Abrams v. United States just six months after Schenck.
Holmes in Abrams had been willing to defend speech on abstract grounds, believing that unpopular ideas should have their opportunity to compete in the " marketplace of ideas.
The following year, however, in Abrams v. United States, Holmes — influenced by Zechariah Chafee's article " Freedom of Speech in War Time " — delivered a strongly worded dissent in which he criticized the majority's use of the clear and present danger test, arguing that protests by political dissidents posed no actual risk of interfering with war effort.
* Holmes ' Dissenting Opinion, Abrams vs. United States, 10 November 1919
The U. S. Supreme Court upheld the Sedition Act in Abrams v. United States ( 1919 ),, although Oliver Wendell Holmes used his dissenting opinion to make a commentary on what has come to be known as " the marketplace of ideas ".
The first reference to the " free trade in ideas " within " the competition of the market " appears in Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr .' s dissent in Abrams v. United States, 250 U. S. 616, 630 ( 1919 ).
He often voted with Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. and Louis Brandeis, usually in dissent from the conservative majority dominant on the Court at that time, though Holmes's famous dissent from the Abrams v. United States decision was in response to Clarke's majority opinion.

Abrams and Justice
In affirming the lower courts decision to dismiss, Justice Abrams wrote: " Although Korb has a secured right to speak out on matters of public concern, and he has a right to express views with which Raytheon disagrees, he has no right to do so at Raytheon's expense.
When Luca learns that Abrams is applying for a job as a Justice Department attorney, he worries that Abrams will now come after him.
To assist him on the legalities side he will be aided by David Abrams, now a Justice Dept.
Abrams is so embittered by the failure of the system he believes in that he resigns from the Justice Dept.

Abrams and use
The Court continued to use the bad tendency test during the early twentieth century in cases such as 1919's Abrams v. United States which upheld the conviction of anti-war activists who passed out leaflets encouraging workers to impede the war effort.
The U. S. Army uses reactive armour on its Abrams tanks as part of the TUSK ( Tank Urban Survivability Kit ) package and on Bradley vehicles and the Israelis use it frequently on their American built M-60 tanks.
" Many complained of the frequent use, Abrams admitted it was " overdone, in some places.
Then acting Chancellor, Norman Abrams, said the university " remains steadfast in its commitment to the lawful use of laboratory animals in research for the benefit of society.
This was the first use of a turbine engine in a production tank ; the Soviet T-80 and US M1 Abrams would later be built with gas turbines for main propulsion.
The Leclerc is also equipped with a 12. 7 mm coaxial machine gun and a remote-controlled 7. 62mm machine gun, whereas most other NATO tanks use 7. 62mm weapons for both their coaxial and top machine gun mounts ; the major exception is the American M1 Abrams, which has a 7. 62mm coaxial machine gun and two top-mounted machine guns, one 7. 62mm and one 12. 7mm.
June 1985 saw the first use of M1 Abrams tanks and later in the fall of 1985 saw the M2 Bradley fighting vehicles on the National Training Center battlefield.
It also featured the M12 stereoscopic rangefinder, which was designed to improve first-round hit probability but proved difficult to use ; the rangefinder protruded from both sides of the upper turret front, which would be a feature of American tanks until the advent of the M1 Abrams in 1980.
In the 1960s he led development of a new design for tank use, which developed into the AGT-1500, used on the M1 Abrams.
* Funded the successful efforts of Dr. Donald Abrams to obtain approval for the first human study in 15 years into the therapeutic use of marijuana, along with a $ 1 million grant from the National Institute on Drug Abuse.
Preferring a more organic approach to music I use the term Spontaneous Composition .” “ I have never considered the music of people like Duke Ellington, Don Byas, Charlie Parker, Art Tatum, John Coltrane, Muhal Richard Abrams, Henry Threadgill – I have never considered this creative tradition ‘ Jazz ’.”
The use of homosexualist in this way first appeared in 1995 in Scott Lively and Kevin Abrams ' book The Pink Swastika, " to refer to any person, homosexual or not, who actively promotes homosexuality as morally and socially equivalent to heterosexuality as a basis for social policy ".
Tanks that do not use autoloaders tend to weigh in the 55 – 70 ton range ( American M1A2 Abrams, German Leopard 2, British Challenger 2 ).
The player had to use only M1 Abrams tank to play.
It is contended that the use of this image qualifies as fair use in the article Abrams Battle Tank because:
This was later developed into the M830A1, which allows the M1 Abrams to use the round against helicopters.
The M1 Abrams can use the M1028 canister round, which is an antipersonnel munition, packed with over 1, 000 tungsten balls.
Since other U. S. tactical vehicles like the HMMWV utility vehicle and M1 Abrams tank also use JP8, adopting a scout motorcycle which runs on the same fuel would ease logistics.

Abrams and clear
Books such as The President Has Been Shot: Confusion, Disability and the 25th Amendment, by Herbert Abrams, and Reagan's autobiography, An American Life, argue Reagan's intent to transfer power to Bush was clear.

Abrams and present
According to one scholar, this " was not only a dramatic change in the function of art, it was the context in which our present concept of art, what the literary critic M. H. Abrams called " art as such ", first began to take shape ", replacing a " construction model " where art theory concerned itself with how the maker created his work, with a " contemplation model " concerned with the effect of the finished work on a " lone perceiver " or viewer.
He embraced " the bad tendency test " found in Abrams v. United States, 250 U. S. 616 ( 1919 ), which held that a " State may punish utterances endangering the foundations of government and threatening its overthrow by unlawful means " because such speech clearly " present a sufficient danger to the public peace and to the security of the State.
The first book to present the typeface Abrams Venetian, designed by George Abrams.

Abrams and test
The Churchville Test Area is a test track with hills that provide steep natural grades and tight turns to stress engines, drivetrains, and suspensions for army vehicles, including M1 Abrams tanks, Bradley Fighting Vehicles, and Humvees.
The 2009 J. J. Abrams film depicts cadet James T. Kirk ( Chris Pine ) reprogramming the test so the Klingon ships ' shields suddenly drop, allowing all five to be destroyed with ease so the safe rescue of the Kobayashi Maru can commence.
* a test method for the workability of a concrete mix by using what is called Abrams cone, see concrete slump test.

Abrams and which
Equipment from the Soviet Union is being progressively replaced by more modern U. S., French, and British equipment, a significant portion of which is built under license in Egypt, such as the M1 Abrams tank.
Equipment from the Soviet Union is being progressively replaced by more modern U. S., French, and British equipment, a significant portion of which is built under license in Egypt, such as the M1A1 Abrams tank which makes Egypt the owner of the second largest number of latest generation main battle tanks in the region after Israel, and the second after Syria in case of the older generations.
J. J. Abrams, producer of the 2008 film Cloverfield, mentioned that a scene in his film, which shows the head of the Statue of Liberty crashing into a New York street, was inspired by the poster for Escape from New York.
The United States ' XM360, which is planned to equip the Future Combat Systems Mounted Combat System light tank and may be the M1 Abrams ' next gun upgrade, is reportedly based on the XM291 and may include ETC technology, or portions of ETC technology.
When General Abrams mentioned the cavalry's concerns over the new vehicle, Patton recommended that the Sheridans be combat tested by a divisional cavalry squadron and a squadron from his own regiment ; both of which had completely different missions.
Main battle tanks of the late 20th century such as the successful M1 Abrams tank fielded improved conventional 105mm and 120mm guns which proved effective against enemy armor threats.
In the USA, ECT devices are manufactured by two companies, Somatics, which is owned by psychiatrists Richard Abrams and Conrad Swartz, and Mecta.
Pine recalled having difficulty with his audition, which required him " to bark Trek jargon '", but his charisma impressed director J. J. Abrams.
Albert Abrams ( 1863 – 1924 ) was an American doctor, well known during his life for inventing machines which he claimed could diagnose and cure almost any disease.
He called this ERA, for Electronic Reactions of Abrams, and introduced a number of different machines which he claimed were based on these principles.
Abrams came up with new and even more impressive gadgets, the " Oscilloclast " and the " Radioclast ", which came with tables of frequencies that were designed to " attack " specific diseases.
* Abrams P-1 Explorer, American aerial survey aircraft which first flew in 1937
" He was a member of a distinguished West Point class that also included Creighton Abrams and Benjamin O. Davis Jr .. Westmoreland graduated as first captain-the highest graduating rank-and received the Pershing Sword, which is given to the most able cadet at the academy.
The downsides to the Heng Long imitations are that they were standardized to their Type 90 tank which has 6 road wheels, then they produced a Leopard 2 and M1A2 Abrams on the same chassis but both of the tanks have 7 road wheels.
Lost creator and Star Trek director J. J. Abrams claimed the episode as his favorite, saying, " episode is a beautiful demonstration of the burden of adulthood, told in The Twilight Zone, which everyone thinks is a scary show, but it's actually a beautiful show ," and " The Twilight Zone at its best is better than anything else I've ever seen on television.
A parody of the popular western drama The Life and Times of Grizzly Adams — retitled Grizzly Abrams — depicted the burly wilderness hero as the owner of a wild tortoise which took weeks to lead police to the skeletal remains of its master, trapped beneath a fallen log.
The latest version of Chobham armour is used on the Challenger 2 ( called Dorchester armour ), and ( though the composition most probably differs ) the M1 Abrams series of tanks, which according to official sources is currently protected by silicon carbide tiles.
One specific design requirement was that it should be as fast as the then new M1 Abrams main battle tank so that they could maintain formations while moving, something which the older M113 Armored Personnel Carrier could not do, as it had been designed to complement the older M60 Patton.
In 1971, M. H. Abrams, in A Glossary of Literary Terms, notes that the term has undergone a relative diminishment of form and defines pathetic fallacy as “ a common phenomenon in descriptive poetry, in which the ascription of human traits to inanimate nature is less formally managed than in the figure called personification .”
This reduces the total number of rounds that need to be carried for different roles, which is particularly important for modern tanks like the M1 Abrams, due to the sheer size of 120 mm rounds used.

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