Through Ampère, Ozanam had contact with leaders of the neo-Catholic movement, such as François-René de Chateaubriand, Jean-Baptiste Henri Lacordaire, and Charles Forbes René de Montalembert.

Ampère also applied this same principle to magnetism, showing the harmony between his law and French physicist Charles Augustin de Coulomb ’ s law of magnetic action.

* 1866 – Charles Jean de la Vallée-Poussin, Belgian mathematician ( d. 1962 )

* 1969 – Charles de Gaulle resigns as President of France.

* 1789 – Stéphanie de Beauharnais, French wife of Charles, Grand Duke of Baden ( d. 1860 )

In the middle and late 19th century, several renowned Mesoamerican scholars, starting with Charles Etienne Brasseur de Bourbourg, and including Edward Herbert Thompson and Augustus Le Plongeon proposed that Atlantis was somehow related to Mayan and Aztec culture.

The Arc de Triomphe from the Place Charles de Gaulle

It stands in the centre of the Place Charles de Gaulle ( originally named Place de l ' Étoile ), at the western end of the Champs-Élysées.

The Arc de Triomphe is so colossal that three weeks after the Paris victory parade in 1919, ( marking the end of hostilities in World War I ), Charles Godefroy flew his Nieuport biplane through it, with the event captured on newsreel.

Avenues radiate from the Arc de Triomphe in Place Charles de Gaulle | Place de l ' Étoile.

In 1961, President John F. Kennedy and First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy of the United States paid their respects at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, accompanied by French President Charles de Gaulle.

President Charles de Gaulle went to Washington to attend the state funeral, and witnessed Jacqueline Kennedy lighting the eternal flame that had been inspired by her visit to France.

The Arc de Triomphe is accessible by the RER and Métro, with exit at the Charles de Gaulle — Étoile station.

Bardot expressed support for President Charles de Gaulle in the 1960s.

Colonel Charles de Gaulle was a known advocate of concentration of armor and airplanes.

These reformed French Breviaries — e. g. the Paris Breviary of 1680 by Archbishop François de Harlay ( 1625 – 1695 ) and that of 1736 by Archbishop Charles Gaspard Guillaume de Vintimille ( 1655 – 1746 )— show a deep knowledge of Holy Scripture, and much careful adaptation of different texts.

Both Bruno de Finetti and Frank P. Ramsey acknowledge their debts to pragmatic philosophy, particularly ( for Ramsey ) to Charles S. Peirce.

#* Charles Louis Napoléon ( III ) Bonaparte ( 1808 – 1873 ) Emperor, married Maria Eugenia Ignacia Augustina Palafox de Guzmán Portocarrero y Kirkpatrick

Alternatively, dark fantasy is sometimes used for " darker " fiction written by authors best known for other styles of fantasy ; Raymond Feist's Faerie Tale and Charles de Lint's novels written as Samuel M. Key would fit here.

* Charles de Lint's Homepage

* Bodachs occasionally appear in Charles De Lint's books of mythic fiction.

Charles reads the audiobook editions of the Red Dwarf novel Last Human, and his book The Log: A Dwarfer's Guide to Everything, and he regularly attends sci-fi, comedy and memorabilia conventions in connection with the Red Dwarf franchise.

One of his ancestors is John Elwes, who is believed to be the inspiration for Ebenezer Scrooge in Charles Dickens ' A Christmas Carol ( 1843 ) ( Elwes played five roles in the 2009 film adaptation of the novel ).

Another early example of a whodunit is a subplot in the novel Bleak House ( 1853 ) by Charles Dickens.

Although The Moonstone is usually seen as the first detective novel, a number of critics suggest that the lesser known Notting Hill Mystery ( 1862 – 63 ), written by the pseudonymous " Charles Felix ", preceded it by a number of years and first used techniques that would come to define the genre.

In 1952, William Buckler identified the author of the novel as Charles Warren Adams and in 2011 American investigator Paul Collins found a number of lines of evidence that confirmed Buckler's initial claim.

The grail is central in many modern Arthurian works, including Charles Williams's novel War in Heaven and his two collections of poems about Taliessin, Taliessin Through Logres and Region of the Summer Stars, and in feminist author Rosalind Miles ' Child of the Holy Grail.

* Charles Dickens ' novel, Great Expectations ( first published in serial form in the publication All the Year Round from 1 December 1860 to August 1861 ), contains a reference in chapter 48 to a couple having been married " over the broomstick.

* Monks ( Oliver Twist ), a character in the novel Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens

A Memex is featured in Charles Stross ' cross-genre novel The Atrocity Archives, and its sequels.

* Nemo, a minor character from the Charles Dickens novel Bleak House ( 1852 )

* Charles Frazier's novel Cold Mountain ( 1997 ) borrows much from the Odyssey to tell the story of an American Civil War veteran's homecoming.

* The Old Curiosity Shop, an 1841 novel by Charles Dickens, features the Punch and Judy performing partners Mr. Codlin and Short Trotters.

* In Charles Bukowski's 1978 novel Women, the main character, Henry Chinaski, vomits on Peter Stuyvesant's burial vault cover before a poetry reading at St. Mark's Church.

The term retcon is used several times in the 2010 novel, How to Live Safely in a Science Fictional Universe, by American writer Charles Yu.

In the US, the new novels Moscow Club ( 1991 ) by Joseph Finder, Masquerade ( 1996 ) by Gayle Lynds, and The Unlikely Spy ( 1996 ) by Daniel Silva, and in the UK, A Spy By Nature ( 2001 ) by Charles Cumming and Remembrance Day ( 2000 ) by Henry Porter, maintained the spy novel in the post – Cold War world.

A pair of SF novels by Gene DeWeese and Robert " Buck " Coulson, Now You See It / Him / Them and Charles Fort Never Mentioned Wombats are set at Worldcons ; the latter includes an in-character " introduction " by Wilson Tucker ( himself a character in the novel ) which is a sly self-parody verging on a self-tuckerization.

* Spin ( novel ), a 2005 novel by Robert Charles Wilson

* In Charles Dickens's novel " The Life and Adventures of Martin Chuzzlewit " the character of Augustus leaves a note addressed to his betrothed to the effect that he has sailed away to Van Diemen's Land, " Ere this reaches you, the undersigned will be -- if not a corpse -- on the way to Van Dieman's Land ".

Willkie was also featured as a character in Philip Roth's counterfactual history novel, The Plot Against America, in which Willkie opposes Charles Lindbergh in the 1940 presidential election.

** David Lean's Oliver Twist, based on Charles Dickens's famous novel, premieres in the UK.

** David Lean's Great Expectations, based on the Charles Dickens novel, and featuring John Mills, Valerie Hobson, Martita Hunt, Alec Guinness, Francis L. Sullivan, Jean Simmons, and Finlay Currie, is released to great acclaim in the UK.

* January 3 – Charles Dickens commences writing the novel Hard Times.

* Charles Dickens publishes his first novel The Pickwick Papers followed by Oliver Twist and Nicholas Nickleby

* probable – Charles de Batz-Castelmore d ' Artagnan, French count and musketeer, on which the fictional D ' Artagnan from the novel The Three Musketeers is based ( d. 1673 )