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In Ferrara, the death of Azzo VIII d ' Este without legitimate heirs ( 1308 ) encouraged Clement to bring Ferrara under his direct rule: for only nine years, however, was it governed by his appointed vicar, Robert d ' Anjou, King of Naples, before the citizens recalled the Este from exile ( 1317 ); interdiction and excommunications were in vain: in 1332 John XXII was obliged to name three Este brothers as his vicars in Ferrara.
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Ferrara and death
Cesare was also father to at least 11 illegitimate children, among them Girolamo Borgia, who married Isabella Contessa di Carpi, and Lucrezia Borgia, who, after Cesare's death, was moved to Ferrara to the court of her aunt, Lucrezia Borgia.
However, some time after Alexander's death, Giovanni went to stay with Lucrezia in Ferrara, where he was accepted as her half-brother.
At the sudden death of his mother three years later, Pico renounced canon law and began to study philosophy at the University of Ferrara.
Not long after the death of his first wife Pontano took in second marriage a beautiful girl of Ferrara, who is only known to us under the name of Stella.
* May 1944, death of Kraft and Coombs on Ferrara mission, first poisoning of mess
Unhappy there – Parma was not an intellectual and cultural center on the level of Ferrara or Venice – he left in 1563, briefly taking the prestigious position of maestro di cappella at St. Mark's on the death of his mentor Adrian Willaert.
In 1504 Obrecht once again went to Ferrara, but on the death of the Duke at the beginning of the next year he became unemployed.
The Counter-Reformation, which had been operative in Rome since 1542, led to the introduction of a special court of the Inquisition at Ferrara, in 1545, through which, in 1550 and 1551, death sentences were decreed against Protestant sympathizers ( Fannio of Faenza and Giorgio of Sicily ), and executed by the secular arm.
Little is known about his earliest years, but he must have had a thorough early musical training, and his succession of posts at various cathedrals in Italian towns is well documented: he served successively at Urbino, Pesaro, Fano, Ferrara, Casalmaggiore, Novara, and Lodi, eventually acquiring the prestigious post at Milan Cathedral in 1629, which he kept with one short break until his death.
She had an older brother Gian Galeazzo Sforza, who married their first cousin, Isabella of Naples, by whom he had issue, and a younger sister Anna Sforza, first wife of Alfonso I d ' Este, Duke of Ferrara, who, after Anna's death in childbirth, would marry secondly, Lucrezia Borgia.
Ferrara and Azzo
Urban IV's military captain was the condottiere Azzo d ' Este, nominally at the head of a loose league of cities that included Mantua and Ferrara.
In 1146 with the last of the Adelardi Ferrara passed as the dowry of his niece the Marchesella, to Azzo VI d ' Este.
# Beatrice ( 1295 – c. 1321 ), married April 1305 Azzo VIII d ' Este, marchese of Ferrara etc.
In 1194 Rovigo became a formal possession of Azzo VI d ' Este, duke of Ferrara, who took the title of conte ( count ) of Rovigo.
Ferrara and VIII
Alfonso had no legitimate male heir, and in 1597 Ferrara was claimed as a vacant fief by Pope Clement VIII, as was also Comacchio.
Ferrara, on the other hand, was annexed by force of arms in 1598 by Pope Clement VIII, on grounds of the heir's illegitimacy, and incorporated into the Papal States.
As a result of negotiations with the East, John VIII Palaeologus accepted the pope's offer, who, by a bill dated 18 September 1437, again pronounced the dissolution of the council of Basel, and summoned the fathers to Ferrara.
Georgios first appears in history when, as judge in the civil courts under John VIII ( 1425 – 1448 ), he accompanied his Emperor to the Council of Basel, held in 1438-1439 in Ferrara and Florence.
Byzantine scholarship became more fully available to the West after 1438, when Byzantine emperor John VIII Palaeologus attended the Council of Ferrara, later known as the Council of Florence, to discuss a union of the Orthodox and Catholic churches.
Pope Clement VIII celebrated the union by procuration in Ferrara on 15 November, while the actual marriage took place in Valencia on 18 April 1599.
This old map, made-up by 6 glued parchment sheets, was kept in the Ducal Library, Ferrara, for about 90 years, until Pope Clement VIII transferred it to another palace in Modena, Italy.
Medal of John VIII Palaeologus, on a Renaissance medal by Pisanello who saw the Emperor at Ferrara.
But misfortune overtook the Jews of Ferrara as well ; for when Alfonso I., the last of the Este family, died, the principality of Ferrara was incorporated in the dominions of the Church under Clement VIII., who decreed the banishment of the Jews.
At any rate, in 1598 the period of musical experimentation at the Ferrara court ended with the takeover of the town by the Papal States under Pope Clement VIII.
Perhaps too untrustworthy to leave behind, he was part of the entourage of his brother Emperor John VIII Palaiologos, arriving in Ferrara for the Council of Basel-Ferrara-Florence in 1437, which sought to reunite the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church.
Medal of John VIII Palaeologus by Pisanello, who saw him at Ferrara in 1438
This was perhaps related to the very elegant hat with a very high-domed peak, and a sharply turned-up brim coming far forward in an acute triangle to a sharp point ( left ), that was drawn by Italian artists when the Emperor John VIII Palaiologos went to Florence and the Council of Ferrara in 1438 in the last days of the Empire.
Ferrara and d
* Alfonso II d ' Este, Duke of Ferrara from 1559 to 1597.
* Alfonso I d ' Este, Duke of Ferrara during the time of the War of the League of Cambrai.
* Alfonso I d ' Este, Duke of Ferrara ( 1476 – 1534 )
* Alfonso II d ' Este ( 1533 – 1597 ), duke of Ferrara from 1559 to 1597
The Cardinal's brother, Alfonso II d ' Este, Duke of Ferrara, was another early enthusiast, enquiring about castrati in 1556.
After a promised Feast of Venus for Duke Alfonso I d ' Este of Ferrara, of which only drawings remain, his last work is fresco of Noli me tangere also in Pian di Mugnone.
She was born on Tuesday 19 May 1474 at nine o ' clock in the evening in Ferrara, to Ercole I d ' Este, Duke of Ferrara and Leonora of Naples.
Lucrezia was married to Giovanni Sforza ( Lord of Pesaro ), Alfonso of Aragon ( Duke of Bisceglie ), and Alfonso I d ' Este ( Duke of Ferrara ).
Tomb of Alfonso I d ' Este and Lucrezia Borgia, Ferrara
She then married Alfonso I d ' Este, Duke of Ferrara in early 1502 in Ferrara.
Though Spain and the Emperor Rudolf II encouraged Alfonso II's illegitimate cousin, Cesare d ' Este, to withstand the Pope, they were deterred from giving him any material aid by Henry IV's threats, and a papal army entered Ferrara almost unopposed.
As a temporal prince who constructed stout fortresses in the Papal States, Sixtus IV committed himself to Venice's aggression against Ercole I d ' Este, Duke of Ferrara, inciting the Venetians to attack in 1482 in the so-called War of Ferrara.
)- 1475, he studied civil law at the university of Pavia, and later went to Ferrara ( 1475 – 1479 ), where he became the protégé of Prince d ' Este of Ferrara, was a pupil of Theodor Gaza and attended lectures by the famous Battista Guarino.
* August 20 – Borso d ' Este, Duke of Ferrara ( b. 1413 )
** Domenico Maria Novara da Ferrara, Italian astronomer ( d. 1504 )
* April 14 – Lucrezia Borgia, Duchess of Ferrara ( d. 1519 )
* June 15 – Ercole d ' Este I, Duke of Ferrara ( b. 1431 )
* February 27 – Alberto d ' Este, Lord of Ferrara and Modena ( d. 1393 )
* November 9 – Niccolò III d ' Este, Marquess of Ferrara ( d. 1441 )
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